Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:2306.08676 · Physical review. B./Physical review. B

Steady-state edge burst: From free-particle systems to interaction-induced phenomena

Yu-Min Hu, Wen‐Tan Xue, Fei Song, Zhong Wang

Published Dec 14, 2023• 19 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The interplay between the non-Hermitian skin effect and the imaginary gap of lossy lattices results in the edge burst, a boundary-induced dynamical phenomenon in which an exceptionally large portion of particle loss occurs at the edge. Here, we find that this intriguing non-Hermitian dynamical phenomenon can be exactly mapped into the steady-state density distribution of a corresponding open quantum system. Consequently, the bulk-edge scaling relation of loss probability in the edge burst maps to that of steady-state density. Furthermore, we introduce a many-body open-system model in which the two-body loss generates an interaction-induced non-Hermitian skin effect. Using the positive-$P$ method, we demonstrate the validity of the scaling relation for steady-state correlators. These results provide a unique perspective on the interaction-induced many-body non-Hermitian skin effect. Our predictions are testable in state-of-the-art experimental platforms.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.108.235422

Related papers

Non-Hermitian Edge Burst

Wen‐Tan Xue, Yu-Min Hu, Fei Song +1 more

We unveil an unexpected non-Hermitian phenomenon, dubbed edge burst, in non-Hermitian quantum dynamics. Specifically, in a class of non-Hermitian quantum walk in periodic lattices with open boundary condition, an exceptionally large portion of loss occurs at the system boundary. The physical origin of this edge burst is found to be an interplay between two unique non-Hermitian phenomena: non-Hermitian skin effect and imaginary gap closing. Furthermore, we establish a universal bulk-edge scaling relation underlying the non-Hermitian edge burst. Our predictions are experimentally accessible in various non-Hermitian systems including quantum-optical and cold-atom platforms.

arXiv:2109.14628•Physical Review Letters•Mar 22, 2022•135 citations

Edge Burst in Non-Hermitian Quantum Walk

Wen‐Tan Xue, Yu-Min Hu, Fei Song +1 more

We uncover a novel non-Hermitian phenomenon, dubbed edge burst, in non-Hermitian quantum dynamics. Specifically, in a typical class of non-Hermitian quantum walk, an exceptionally large portion of loss occurs at the system boundary. The physical origin of this edge burst is found to be an interplay between two unique non-Hermitian phenomena, non-Hermitian skin effect and imaginary gap closing. Furthermore, we establish a universal bulk-edge scaling relation underlying the edge burst.

•Sep 29, 2021•0 citations

Quasi-Non-Hermitian Edge Bursts Induced by Nonuniform Loss

Ze Yang, Wei Li, Fuxiang Li

Non-Hermitian quantum walks on lossy lattices with open boundaries can exhibit an anomalous peak of the loss probability at the boundary, known as the non-Hermitian edge burst (NHEB). This phenomenon has been attributed to the combined effect of the non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) and a gapless imaginary spectrum. Here we investigate a class of models in which the NHSE is induced by magnetic flux while the loss is spatially nonuniform. We show that the spatial distribution of loss plays a crucial role in determining the emergence and strength of the NHEB. Notably, even in the absence of the NHSE, a weak boundary accumulation of the loss probability persists. We term this effect a quasi-non-Hermitian edge burst (quasi-NHEB). By analyzing the dependence of the loss probability on the initial position, we further demonstrate that the quasi-NHEB obeys a bulk-edge scaling relation distinct from that of conventional NHEB. Our results show that spatially nonuniform loss alone can generate boundary-localized loss anomalies even without the NHSE, providing new insight into non-Hermitian boundary phenomena and a broader platform for their exploration and potential applications.

quant-pharXiv:2607.19097•Jul 22, 2026•0 citations

Finite-size Effects on The Edge Loss Probability in Non-Hermitian Quantum Walks

Shuaixian Liu, Yulan Dong, Bowen Zeng +1 more

A dynamical bulk-edge relation in quantum walks has been theoretically proposed and experimentally observed, in which a power-law dependence of the bulk loss probability is associated with a pronounced peak of loss probability at the edge. This behavior has been proven to arise from imaginary gap closing and the non-Hermitian skin effect in the infinite limit without boundary effects. However, in a finite-size chain, we find that boundary scattering can suppress this edge burst. Meanwhile, imaginary gap opening, together with the non-Hermitian skin effect, can also induce a large loss probability at the edge. Our results provide insights into finite-size quantum dynamics.

quant-pharXiv:2512.20106•Dec 24, 2025•0 citations

Non-Hermitian edge burst without skin localization

C. Yüce, Hamidreza Ramezani

In a class of non-Hermitian quantum walk in lossy lattices with open boundary conditions, an unexpected peak in the distribution of the decay probabilities appears at the edge, referred to as an edge burst. It is proposed that the edge burst originates jointly from the non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) and the imaginary gaplessness of the spectrum [W.-T. Xue et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 120401 (2022)]. Using a particular one-dimensional lossy lattice with a nonuniform loss rate, we show that the edge burst can occur even in the absence of skin localizations. Furthermore, we discuss that the edge burst may not appear if the spectrum satisfies the imaginary gapless condition. Aside from its fundamental importance, by removing the restrictions on observing the edge burst effect, our results open the door to broader design space for future applications of the edge burst effect.

arXiv:2212.02879•Physical review. B./Physical review. B•Apr 13, 2023•17 citations

Dissipation-induced recurrence of non-Hermitian edge burst

Cui-Cui Ren, Xiang-Guo Yin

In quantum mechanics, the Hermitian Hamiltonian is generally used to describe the ideal closed quantum system, but in reality, the physical system is closely related to the environment, and the open quantum system coupled to the environment can be described by the equivalent non-Hermitian Hamiltonian to a certain extent. Among them, the dissipation intensity is closely related to the dynamic properties of non-Hermitian quantum systems. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study how dissipation affects particle loss. In this paper, the dynamic law related to dissipation intensity in a one-dimensional non-Hermitian system under open boundary condition is studied, and it is found that dissipation can induce the recurrence of edge burst. After the time-dependent evolution of the particles in the one-dimensional non-Hermitian dissipative lattice system with open boundary condition, there is an edge burst in the system, that is, there is a large probability of particle loss at the edge, and the edge burst disappears after increasing the intracell hopping. It is found that if the dissipation intensity increases or decreases, the edge burst will reappear. This kind of reappearance is different from the original edge burst, which is mainly manifested in the loss probability distribution of particles from the edge distribution to the bulk distribution, which is due to the difference in probability of particle motion direction between the two cases. Under the re-induced edge burst, the particles move leftward and rightward from their initial positions, and rebound from the left after having reached the boundary, forming a more obvious loss probability at the edge and gradually decreasing to the body area. In the original edge burst, the particles only move to the left with a greater probability, and are ‘trapped’ at the edge to completely dissipated, forming a distribution with an independent loss peak at the edge. The movement to the left is due to the non-Hermitian skin effect. The deeper reason for different movement directions is related to parity-time symmetry. Under the parameter near the parity-time symmetry breaking point, the loss probability of the particle is of unilateral distribution, and the loss probability of the particle moving to both sides is of bilateral distribution when it is far away. This is the description of the dissipation-induced edge burst recurrence phenomenon and its characteristics. In addition, this paper also studies the influence of impurity barrier on the probability distribution of particle loss in non-Hermitian dynamics. The results show that placing a small barrier on the non-dissipative A-site can obviously hinder the particle motion, and when the barrier increases to a certain height, its influence on the particle motion tends to be unchanged. And the barrier at the dissipative B lattice has little effect on the dynamics.

Acta Physica Sinica•Jan 1, 2023•1 citation
The interplay between the non-Hermitian skin effect and the imaginary gap of lossy lattices results in the edge burst, a boundary-induced dynamical phenomenon in which an exceptionally large portion of particle loss occurs at the edge. Here, we find that this intriguing non-Hermitian dynamical phenomenon can be exactly mapped into the steady-state density distribution of a corresponding open quantum system. Consequently, the bulk-edge scaling relation of loss probability in the edge burst maps to that of steady-state density. Furthermore, we introduce a many-body open-system model in which the two-body loss generates an interaction-induced non-Hermitian skin effect. Using the positive-PPP method, we demonstrate the validity of the scaling relation for steady-state correlators. These results provide a unique perspective on the interaction-induced many-body non-Hermitian skin effect. Our predictions are testable in state-of-the-art experimental platforms.
We unveil an unexpected non-Hermitian phenomenon, dubbed edge burst, in non-Hermitian quantum dynamics. Specifically, in a class of non-Hermitian quantum walk in periodic lattices with open boundary condition, an exceptionally large portion of loss occurs at the system boundary. The physical origin of this edge burst is found to be an interplay between two unique non-Hermitian phenomena: non-Hermitian skin effect and imaginary gap closing. Furthermore, we establish a universal bulk-edge scaling relation underlying the non-Hermitian edge burst. Our predictions are experimentally accessible in various non-Hermitian systems including quantum-optical and cold-atom platforms.
Non-Hermitian quantum walks on lossy lattices with open boundaries can exhibit an anomalous peak of the loss probability at the boundary, known as the non-Hermitian edge burst (NHEB). This phenomenon has been attributed to the combined effect of the non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) and a gapless imaginary spectrum. Here we investigate a class of models in which the NHSE is induced by magnetic flux while the loss is spatially nonuniform. We show that the spatial distribution of loss plays a crucial role in determining the emergence and strength of the NHEB. Notably, even in the absence of the NHSE, a weak boundary accumulation of the loss probability persists. We term this effect a quasi-non-Hermitian edge burst (quasi-NHEB). By analyzing the dependence of the loss probability on the initial position, we further demonstrate that the quasi-NHEB obeys a bulk-edge scaling relation distinct from that of conventional NHEB. Our results show that spatially nonuniform loss alone can generate boundary-localized loss anomalies even without the NHSE, providing new insight into non-Hermitian boundary phenomena and a broader platform for their exploration and potential applications.
A dynamical bulk-edge relation in quantum walks has been theoretically proposed and experimentally observed, in which a power-law dependence of the bulk loss probability is associated with a pronounced peak of loss probability at the edge. This behavior has been proven to arise from imaginary gap closing and the non-Hermitian skin effect in the infinite limit without boundary effects. However, in a finite-size chain, we find that boundary scattering can suppress this edge burst. Meanwhile, imaginary gap opening, together with the non-Hermitian skin effect, can also induce a large loss probability at the edge. Our results provide insights into finite-size quantum dynamics.
In a class of non-Hermitian quantum walk in lossy lattices with open boundary conditions, an unexpected peak in the distribution of the decay probabilities appears at the edge, referred to as an edge burst. It is proposed that the edge burst originates jointly from the non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) and the imaginary gaplessness of the spectrum [W.-T. Xue et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 120401 (2022)]. Using a particular one-dimensional lossy lattice with a nonuniform loss rate, we show that the edge burst can occur even in the absence of skin localizations. Furthermore, we discuss that the edge burst may not appear if the spectrum satisfies the imaginary gapless condition. Aside from its fundamental importance, by removing the restrictions on observing the edge burst effect, our results open the door to broader design space for future applications of the edge burst effect.
In quantum mechanics, the Hermitian Hamiltonian is generally used to describe the ideal closed quantum system, but in reality, the physical system is closely related to the environment, and the open quantum system coupled to the environment can be described by the equivalent non-Hermitian Hamiltonian to a certain extent. Among them, the dissipation intensity is closely related to the dynamic properties of non-Hermitian quantum systems. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study how dissipation affects particle loss. In this paper, the dynamic law related to dissipation intensity in a one-dimensional non-Hermitian system under open boundary condition is studied, and it is found that dissipation can induce the recurrence of edge burst. After the time-dependent evolution of the particles in the one-dimensional non-Hermitian dissipative lattice system with open boundary condition, there is an edge burst in the system, that is, there is a large probability of particle loss at the edge, and the edge burst disappears after increasing the intracell hopping. It is found that if the dissipation intensity increases or decreases, the edge burst will reappear. This kind of reappearance is different from the original edge burst, which is mainly manifested in the loss probability distribution of particles from the edge distribution to the bulk distribution, which is due to the difference in probability of particle motion direction between the two cases. Under the re-induced edge burst, the particles move leftward and rightward from their initial positions, and rebound from the left after having reached the boundary, forming a more obvious loss probability at the edge and gradually decreasing to the body area. In the original edge burst, the particles only move to the left with a greater probability, and are ‘trapped’ at the edge to completely dissipated, forming a distribution with an independent loss peak at the edge. The movement to the left is due to the non-Hermitian skin effect. The deeper reason for different movement directions is related to parity-time symmetry. Under the parameter near the parity-time symmetry breaking point, the loss probability of the particle is of unilateral distribution, and the loss probability of the particle moving to both sides is of bilateral distribution when it is far away. This is the description of the dissipation-induced edge burst recurrence phenomenon and its characteristics. In addition, this paper also studies the influence of impurity barrier on the probability distribution of particle loss in non-Hermitian dynamics. The results show that placing a small barrier on the non-dissipative A-site can obviously hinder the particle motion, and when the barrier increases to a certain height, its influence on the particle motion tends to be unchanged. And the barrier at the dissipative B lattice has little effect on the dynamics.