Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:2305.19324 · Physical Review Research

Quantum catalysis in cavity quantum electrodynamics

A. de Oliveira, Martí Perarnau-Llobet, Nicolas Brunner, Patryk Lipka-Bartosik

Published May 6, 2024• 11 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Catalysis plays a key role in many scientific areas, most notably in chemistry and biology. Here we present a catalytic process in a paradigmatic quantum optics setup, namely the Jaynes-Cummings model, where an atom interacts with an optical cavity. The atom plays the role of the catalyst, and it allows for the deterministic generation of nonclassical light in the cavity. Considering a cavity prepared in a “classical” coherent state, and choosing appropriately the atomic state and the interaction time, we obtain an evolution with the following properties. First, the state of the cavity has been modified, and it now features nonclassicality, as witnessed by sub-Poissonian statistics or Wigner negativity. Second, the process is catalytic in the sense that the atom is deterministically returned to its initial state exactly, and it can be reused multiple times. What is more, we also show that our findings are robust under dissipation and can be applied to scenarios featuring cavity loss and atomic decay. Finally, we investigate the mechanism of this catalytic process, in particular highlighting the key role of correlations and quantum coherence. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

DOI
10.1103/physrevresearch.6.023127

Related papers

Coherence and catalysis in the Jaynes–Cummings model

Anette Messinger, Atirach Ritboon, Frances Crimin +2 more

Abstract There has been substantial interest of late on the issue of coherence as a resource in quantum thermodynamics. To date, however, analyses have focused on somewhat artificial theoretical models. We seek to bring these ideas closer to experimental investigation by examining the ‘catalytic’ nature of quantum optical coherence. Here the interaction of a coherent state cavity field with a sequence of two-level atoms is considered, a state ubiquitous in quantum optics as a model of a stable, classical source of light. The Jaynes–Cummings interaction Hamiltonian is used, so that an exact solution for the dynamics can be formed, and the evolution of the atomic and cavity states with each atom-field interaction analysed. In this way, the degradation of the coherent state is examined as coherence is transferred to the sequence of atoms. The associated degradation of the coherence in the cavity mode is significant in the context of the use of coherence as a thermodynamic resource.

New Journal of Physics•Feb 13, 2020•15 citations

Generation of entangled coherent states in cavity QED and its nonclassicality

Chenchao Hua, Shi-Qing Tang

Cavity quantum electrodynamics is the intersection of quantum physics and microcavity optics research. In this paper, we presented a two-mode cavity coupled to a classical field driven by N three-level atoms to prepare entangled coherent states based on cavity QED. In this scheme, we adopt the interaction between the three-level atoms and the two-mode optical cavity, The initial state of one optical field is an odd-even coherent state, while the initial state of another optical field is a coherent state. After considering the time evolution of the initial states with the system, we obtained the specific form of the time evolution of the quantum states and prepared the entangled coherent state successfully. We discussed and analysed some of the nonclassical properties of the optical field and quantum states, including the second-order correlation function and the Wigner function. The results show that when calculating the second-order correlation function, the photons are found to exhibit a sub-Poisson distribution at some points in time. In addition, when observing the Wigner function of the quantum states evolving with time, it is found that there is a negative part of the Wigner distribution at some moments, which implies that the quantum state exhibits nonclassical properties at these certain moments.

SPIE Conference on Quantum and Nonlinear Optics•Oct 12, 2023•0 citations

Considerable improvement of entanglement swapping by considering multiphoton transitions via cavity quantum electrodynamics method

Razieh Pakniat, M. Soltani, Mohammad Kazem Tavassoly

Recently we studied the effect of photon addition in the initial coherent field on the entanglement swapping which causes some improvements in the process [Soltani et al., Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 31, 1750198 (2017)]. In this paper, we investigate the influence of multiphoton transitions in the atom–field interaction based on the cavity quantum electrodynamics on the entanglement swapping and show its considerable constructive effect on this process. The presented model consists of two two-level atoms namely A1and A2and two distinct cavity fields F1and F2. Initially, the atoms are prepared in a maximally entangled state and the fields in the cavities are prepared in hybrid entangled state of number and coherent states, separately. Making the atom A2to interact with the field F1(via the generalized Jaynes–Cummings model which allows m-photon transitions between atomic levels in the emission and absorption processes) followed by their detection allows us to arrive at the entanglement swapping from the two atoms A1, A2and the two fields F1, F2to the atom–field A1–F2system. Then, we pay our attention to the time evolution of success probability of detecting processes and fidelity. Also, to determine the amount of entanglement of the generated entangled state in the swapping process, the linear entropy is evaluated and the effect of parameter [Formula: see text] concerning the multiphoton transitions on these quantities is investigated, numerically. It is observed that, by increasing the number of photons in the transition process, one may obtain considerable improvement in the relevant quantities of the entanglement swapping. In detail, the satisfactorily acceptable values 1 and 0.5 corresponding to success probability and fidelity are obtained for most of the times during observing of the above-mentioned procedure. We concluded that the presented formalism in this paper is much more advantageous than our presentation model in our earlier work mentioned above.

International Journal of Modern Physics B•Dec 20, 2017•4 citations

Catalysis of entanglement and other quantum resources

Chandan Datta, Tulja Varun Kondra, Marek Miller +1 more

Abstract In chemistry, a catalyst is a substance which enables a chemical reaction or increases its rate, while remaining unchanged in the process. Instead of chemical reactions, quantum catalysis enhances our ability to convert quantum states into each other under physical constraints. The nature of the constraints depends on the problem under study and can arise, e.g. from energy preservation. This article reviews the most recent developments in quantum catalysis and gives a historical overview of this research direction. We focus on the catalysis of quantum entanglement and coherence, and also discuss this phenomenon in quantum thermodynamics and general quantum resource theories. We review applications of quantum catalysis and also discuss the recent efforts on universal catalysis, where the quantum state of the catalyst does not depend on the states to be transformed. Catalytic embezzling is also considered, a phenomenon that occurs if the catalyst’s state can change in the transition.

arXiv:2207.05694•Reports on Progress in Physics•Sep 21, 2023•45 citations

Tunable multiphoton bundles emission in a Kerr-type two-photon Jaynes-Cummings model

Jing Tang, Yuangang Deng

We present a study on manipulation and enhancement of multiphoton bundles emission under a moderate atom-cavity coupling, by constructing a two-photon Jaynes-Cummings model integrated with Kerr nonlinearity in a single atom-cavity system. We show that the vacuum-Rabi splittings for the n th dressed states can be significantly enhanced by Kerr interaction. This remarkable enhancement in energy-spectrum anharmonicity with the well-resolved multiphoton resonance facilitates the generation of special nonclassical states beyond the strong-coupling limit in the experiment. In particular, both two- and three-photon blockades are observed with adjusting the amplitude of the cavity-driving or atom-pump fields. Moreover, we discover that transitions between two- and three-photon bundles can be achieved through tuning the atom-cavity detuning or Kerr nonlinearity. It further showcases the three-photon blockade is substantially strengthened when both the cavity and atomic fields are jointly driven. Our proposal unveils a pathway for realizing highly controllable nonclassical states and quantum devices with combining two-photon Jaynes-Cummings interactions and Kerr nonlinearity, which may pave the way for versatile applications in quantum information science, e.g., all-optical switches and transistors. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

arXiv:2409.01737•Physical Review Research•Sep 4, 2024•11 citations

Photon Emission Dynamics of a Two-Level Atom in a Cavity

Chang Jae Lee

The collapse and revival of quantum states appear in diverse areas of physics. In quantum optics the occurrence of such a phenomena in the evolution of an atomic state, interacting with a light field initially in a coherent state, was predicted by using the Jaynes-Cummings model (JCM), and subsequently demonstrated experimentally. In this paper we revisit the JCM with the Monte-Carlo wave function approach and investigate the time evolution of the photon emission rate of the atom in a cavity. Analytical and numerical quantum trajectory calculations show that the cavity and the initial field statistics strongly influence the photon emission dynamics. A coherent field indeed gives rise to a collapse and revival behavior that mirrors atomic state evolution. However, there are differences between the two. The emission rate for a field in a Fock number state exhibits a sinusoidal oscillation, and there exists a quiescent period for a thermal field. These properties are quite different from those in free space. It is also shown that the fluctuation in photon emission is much less than that of the atomic population.

arXiv:1512.08607•Dec 29, 2015•0 citations
Catalysis plays a key role in many scientific areas, most notably in chemistry and biology. Here we present a catalytic process in a paradigmatic quantum optics setup, namely the Jaynes-Cummings model, where an atom interacts with an optical cavity. The atom plays the role of the catalyst, and it allows for the deterministic generation of nonclassical light in the cavity. Considering a cavity prepared in a “classical” coherent state, and choosing appropriately the atomic state and the interaction time, we obtain an evolution with the following properties. First, the state of the cavity has been modified, and it now features nonclassicality, as witnessed by sub-Poissonian statistics or Wigner negativity. Second, the process is catalytic in the sense that the atom is deterministically returned to its initial state exactly, and it can be reused multiple times. What is more, we also show that our findings are robust under dissipation and can be applied to scenarios featuring cavity loss and atomic decay. Finally, we investigate the mechanism of this catalytic process, in particular highlighting the key role of correlations and quantum coherence. Published by the American Physical Society 2024
Abstract There has been substantial interest of late on the issue of coherence as a resource in quantum thermodynamics. To date, however, analyses have focused on somewhat artificial theoretical models. We seek to bring these ideas closer to experimental investigation by examining the ‘catalytic’ nature of quantum optical coherence. Here the interaction of a coherent state cavity field with a sequence of two-level atoms is considered, a state ubiquitous in quantum optics as a model of a stable, classical source of light. The Jaynes–Cummings interaction Hamiltonian is used, so that an exact solution for the dynamics can be formed, and the evolution of the atomic and cavity states with each atom-field interaction analysed. In this way, the degradation of the coherent state is examined as coherence is transferred to the sequence of atoms. The associated degradation of the coherence in the cavity mode is significant in the context of the use of coherence as a thermodynamic resource.
Cavity quantum electrodynamics is the intersection of quantum physics and microcavity optics research. In this paper, we presented a two-mode cavity coupled to a classical field driven by N three-level atoms to prepare entangled coherent states based on cavity QED. In this scheme, we adopt the interaction between the three-level atoms and the two-mode optical cavity, The initial state of one optical field is an odd-even coherent state, while the initial state of another optical field is a coherent state. After considering the time evolution of the initial states with the system, we obtained the specific form of the time evolution of the quantum states and prepared the entangled coherent state successfully. We discussed and analysed some of the nonclassical properties of the optical field and quantum states, including the second-order correlation function and the Wigner function. The results show that when calculating the second-order correlation function, the photons are found to exhibit a sub-Poisson distribution at some points in time. In addition, when observing the Wigner function of the quantum states evolving with time, it is found that there is a negative part of the Wigner distribution at some moments, which implies that the quantum state exhibits nonclassical properties at these certain moments.
Recently we studied the effect of photon addition in the initial coherent field on the entanglement swapping which causes some improvements in the process [Soltani et al., Int. J. Mod. Phys. B 31, 1750198 (2017)]. In this paper, we investigate the influence of multiphoton transitions in the atom–field interaction based on the cavity quantum electrodynamics on the entanglement swapping and show its considerable constructive effect on this process. The presented model consists of two two-level atoms namely A1and A2and two distinct cavity fields F1and F2. Initially, the atoms are prepared in a maximally entangled state and the fields in the cavities are prepared in hybrid entangled state of number and coherent states, separately. Making the atom A2to interact with the field F1(via the generalized Jaynes–Cummings model which allows m-photon transitions between atomic levels in the emission and absorption processes) followed by their detection allows us to arrive at the entanglement swapping from the two atoms A1, A2and the two fields F1, F2to the atom–field A1–F2system. Then, we pay our attention to the time evolution of success probability of detecting processes and fidelity. Also, to determine the amount of entanglement of the generated entangled state in the swapping process, the linear entropy is evaluated and the effect of parameter [Formula: see text] concerning the multiphoton transitions on these quantities is investigated, numerically. It is observed that, by increasing the number of photons in the transition process, one may obtain considerable improvement in the relevant quantities of the entanglement swapping. In detail, the satisfactorily acceptable values 1 and 0.5 corresponding to success probability and fidelity are obtained for most of the times during observing of the above-mentioned procedure. We concluded that the presented formalism in this paper is much more advantageous than our presentation model in our earlier work mentioned above.
Abstract In chemistry, a catalyst is a substance which enables a chemical reaction or increases its rate, while remaining unchanged in the process. Instead of chemical reactions, quantum catalysis enhances our ability to convert quantum states into each other under physical constraints. The nature of the constraints depends on the problem under study and can arise, e.g. from energy preservation. This article reviews the most recent developments in quantum catalysis and gives a historical overview of this research direction. We focus on the catalysis of quantum entanglement and coherence, and also discuss this phenomenon in quantum thermodynamics and general quantum resource theories. We review applications of quantum catalysis and also discuss the recent efforts on universal catalysis, where the quantum state of the catalyst does not depend on the states to be transformed. Catalytic embezzling is also considered, a phenomenon that occurs if the catalyst’s state can change in the transition.
We present a study on manipulation and enhancement of multiphoton bundles emission under a moderate atom-cavity coupling, by constructing a two-photon Jaynes-Cummings model integrated with Kerr nonlinearity in a single atom-cavity system. We show that the vacuum-Rabi splittings for the n th dressed states can be significantly enhanced by Kerr interaction. This remarkable enhancement in energy-spectrum anharmonicity with the well-resolved multiphoton resonance facilitates the generation of special nonclassical states beyond the strong-coupling limit in the experiment. In particular, both two- and three-photon blockades are observed with adjusting the amplitude of the cavity-driving or atom-pump fields. Moreover, we discover that transitions between two- and three-photon bundles can be achieved through tuning the atom-cavity detuning or Kerr nonlinearity. It further showcases the three-photon blockade is substantially strengthened when both the cavity and atomic fields are jointly driven. Our proposal unveils a pathway for realizing highly controllable nonclassical states and quantum devices with combining two-photon Jaynes-Cummings interactions and Kerr nonlinearity, which may pave the way for versatile applications in quantum information science, e.g., all-optical switches and transistors. Published by the American Physical Society 2024
The collapse and revival of quantum states appear in diverse areas of physics. In quantum optics the occurrence of such a phenomena in the evolution of an atomic state, interacting with a light field initially in a coherent state, was predicted by using the Jaynes-Cummings model (JCM), and subsequently demonstrated experimentally. In this paper we revisit the JCM with the Monte-Carlo wave function approach and investigate the time evolution of the photon emission rate of the atom in a cavity. Analytical and numerical quantum trajectory calculations show that the cavity and the initial field statistics strongly influence the photon emission dynamics. A coherent field indeed gives rise to a collapse and revival behavior that mirrors atomic state evolution. However, there are differences between the two. The emission rate for a field in a Fock number state exhibits a sinusoidal oscillation, and there exists a quiescent period for a thermal field. These properties are quite different from those in free space. It is also shown that the fluctuation in photon emission is much less than that of the atomic population.