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arXiv:2305.09754 · Physical Review A

Controlling entanglement in a triple-well system of dipolar atoms

Karin Wittmann Wilsmann, Leandro Hayato Ymai, Bruno H. C. Barros, Jon Links, Angela Foerster

Published Sep 21, 2023• 13 citations
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Abstract

We study the dynamics of entanglement and atomic populations of ultracold dipolar bosons in an aligned three-well potential described by an extended Bose-Hubbard model. We focus on a sufficiently strong interacting regime where the couplings are tuned to obtain an integrable system, in which the time evolution exhibits a resonant behavior that can be exactly predicted. Within this framework, we propose a protocol that includes an integrability breaking step by tilting the edge wells for a short time through an external field, allowing the production of quantum states with a controllable degree of entanglement. We analyze this protocol for different initial states and show the formation of highly entangled states as well as NOON-like states. These results offer valuable insights into how entanglement can be controlled in ultracold atom systems that may be useful for the proposals of new quantum devices.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.108.033313

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We study the dynamics of entanglement and atomic populations of ultracold dipolar bosons in an aligned three-well potential described by an extended Bose-Hubbard model. We focus on a sufficiently strong interacting regime where the couplings are tuned to obtain an integrable system, in which the time evolution exhibits a resonant behavior that can be exactly predicted. Within this framework, we propose a protocol that includes an integrability breaking step by tilting the edge wells for a short time through an external field, allowing the production of quantum states with a controllable degree of entanglement. We analyze this protocol for different initial states and show the formation of highly entangled states as well as NOON-like states. These results offer valuable insights into how entanglement can be controlled in ultracold atom systems that may be useful for the proposals of new quantum devices.
We study the generation of entangled states using a device constructed from dipolar bosons confined to a triple-well potential. Dipolar bosons possess controllable, long-range interactions. This property permits specific choices to be made for the coupling parameters, such that the system is integrable. Integrability assists in the analysis of the system via an effective Hamiltonian constructed through a conserved operator. Through computations of fidelity we establish that this approach, to study the time-evolution of the entanglement for a class of non-entangled initial states, yields accurate approximations given by analytic formulae.
Quantum state control is a fundamental tool for quantum technologies. In this work, we propose and analyze the use of quantum optimal control to exploit the dipolar interaction of ultracold atoms on a lattice ring, focusing on the generation of selected states with entangled circulation. This scheme requires time-dependent control over the orientation of the magnetic field, a technique that is feasible in ultracold atom laboratories. The system's evolution is driven by just two independent control functions. We describe the symmetry constraints of this approach and numerically test them using the extended Bose-Hubbard model. We find that the proposed control can engineer entangled current states with perfect fidelity across a wide range of systems, and that in the remaining cases, the theoretical upper bounds for fidelity are reached.
We propose and analyze the use of a three-well Bose-Hubbard model for the creation of two spatially separated entangled atomic samples. Our three wells are in a linear configuration, with all atoms initially in the middle well, which gives some spatial separation of the two end wells. The evolution from the initial quantum state allows for the development of entanglement between the atomic modes in the two end wells. We show how the detected entanglement and the well occupations are time dependent. We propose a method for preserving the en-tanglement by turning off the different interactions when it reaches its first maximum. We analyze the system with both Fock and coherent initial states, showing that the violations of the chosen inequality exist only for initial Fock states and that the collisional nonlinearity degrades them. This system is a preliminary step towards producing entangled atomic samples that can be spatially separated using recently developed methods of potential manipulation and thus help close the locality loophole in tests of quantum mechanics.
Abstract The precise control of quantum systems will play a major role in the realization of atomtronic devices. As in the case of electronic systems, a desirable property is the ability to implement switching. Here we show how to implement switching in a model of dipolar bosons confined to three coupled wells. The model describes interactions between bosons, tunneling of bosons between adjacent wells, and the effect of an external field. We conduct a study of the quantum dynamics of the system to probe the conditions under which switching behavior can occur. The analysis considers both integrable and non-integrable regimes within the model. Through variation of the external field, we demonstrate how the system can be controlled between various “switched-on” and “switched-off” configurations.
Mesoscopic samples of polarized dipolar atoms confined in three spatially separated traps conform an extended Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian in which different quantum phases appear depending on the competition between tunneling, on-site, and long-range intersite dipole-dipole interactions. Here, by choosing an appropriate configuration of triple wells, we analyze the role played by the anisotropic character inherent to the dipolar interaction in the phase diagram of the system. We further characterize the different phases as well as their boundaries by means of their entanglement properties.
The Hubbard model underlies our understanding of strongly correlated materials. Whereas its standard form only comprises interactions between particles at the same lattice site, extending it to encompass long-range interactions is predicted to profoundly alter the quantum behavior of the system. We realize the extended Bose-Hubbard model for an ultracold gas of strongly magnetic erbium atoms in a three-dimensional optical lattice. Controlling the orientation of the atomic dipoles, we reveal the anisotropic character of the onsite interaction and hopping dynamics and their influence on the superfluid-to-Mott insulator quantum phase transition. Moreover, we observe nearest-neighbor interactions, a genuine consequence of the long-range nature of dipolar interactions. Our results lay the groundwork for future studies of exotic many-body quantum phases.