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arXiv:2303.09955 · Physical review. D/Physical review. D.

Enhanced anti-Unruh effect by simulated light-matter interaction

Yongjie Pan, Baocheng Zhang

Published Apr 3, 2023• 5 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We investigate the transition of a two-level atom as the Unruh-Dewitt detector accelerated in the electromagnetic field in this paper. The enhancement of the transition probability is found for different field states under the conditions that the anti-Unruh effect appears. In particular, the enhancement is the most prominent when the field state takes the squeezed state. We also construct a new atomic trajectory to realize the effect of acceleration-induced transparency. Based on this, we show that the anti-Unruh effect still exists even at the specific atomic energy difference where acceleration-induced transparency happens.

DOI
10.1103/physrevd.107.085001

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We investigate the transition of a two-level atom as the Unruh-Dewitt detector accelerated in the electromagnetic field in this paper. The enhancement of the transition probability is found for different field states under the conditions that the anti-Unruh effect appears. In particular, the enhancement is the most prominent when the field state takes the squeezed state. We also construct a new atomic trajectory to realize the effect of acceleration-induced transparency. Based on this, we show that the anti-Unruh effect still exists even at the specific atomic energy difference where acceleration-induced transparency happens.
The acceleration-induced transparency (AIT) effect has been suggested recently to amply the transition probability of the two-level detctor and offers a potential avenue for the experimental detection of the Unruh effect. In this paper, we explore the influence of the AIT effect on quantum entanglement between two detectors accelerated in a thermal field background, since the thermal backgound field cannot be avoided completely in any experiments. Interestingly, we find that although the backgound thermal field generally degrade the entanglement between the detectors, the AIT effect can effectively protect it.
We show that, in addition to the Unruh effect, there exist two new phenomena that are due to acceleration in the quantum theory of the light-matter interaction. The first is the phenomenon of acceleration-induced transparency which arises since acceleration impacts not only the counter-rotating terms in the light-matter interaction (the cause of the conventional Unruh effect) but also the rotating wave terms. The second new phenomenon is that the Unruh effect can be stimulated, a phenomenon that arises since not only rotating-wave terms can be stimulated (as in conventional stimulated emission) but also counter-rotating terms. The new phenomena are potentially strong enough to be experimentally observable.
The entanglement generated for a uniformly accelerated two-atom system in vacuum during its evolution may increase with acceleration, while that for a static one in a thermal bath always decreases monotonically with temperature. This phenomenon is named as the anti-Unruh effect in terms of the entanglement generated. In this paper, we study the effects of the interatomic interaction induced by the electromagnetic vacuum fluctuations on the entanglement dynamics of two uniformly accelerated atoms. We show that the anti-Unruh phenomenon may exist or disappear depending critically on the configuration of the orientation of the atomic polarization and the directions of the uniform acceleration and the interatomic separation. This is in sharp contrast to the scalar-field case, in which the anti-Unruh phenomenon is always lost when the environment-induced interatomic interaction is considered.
Stimulated transitions are among the most fundamental processes in light-matter interaction, underlying resonant absorption and emission in atomic systems. Here we show that uniform acceleration can convert this familiar response into a frequency-selective absence of response. Specifically, when an incident photon has a nonzero momentum component transverse to the acceleration, the stimulated transition probability vanishes at a discrete set of frequencies fixed by the acceleration, the atomic transition frequency, and the photon propagation angle. At these spectral blind spots, both ordinary stimulated absorption and acceleration-induced excitation are simultaneously suppressed, rendering the atom effectively unresponsive to the incident radiation. The effect arises from the nontrivial response of accelerated atoms to quantum vacuum fluctuations and provides a distinctive signature of the Unruh effect through the absence, rather than the enhancement, of stimulated transitions. We further provide an order-of-magnitude estimate showing that an electron-based implementation with spin splitting in combined electric and magnetic fields could access the required parameter regime. These results reveal an unexplored form of acceleration-modified light-matter interaction and identify spectral blind spots as a new manifestation of the Unruh effect.
The interaction of an accelerated observer with a quantum field can modify the entanglement and quantum information shared between observers, thereby affecting quantum communication in non-inertial frames. We formulate the standard teleportation protocol in a relativistic setting where Alice remains inertial while Rob undergoes uniform acceleration and is modeled as an Unruh-DeWitt detector locally coupled to a massive scalar field. The detector-field interaction initially leads to a loss of entanglement and quantum information shared between Alice and Rob. Remarkably, under acceleration, the anti-Unruh regime can reverse this degradation, leading to an increase in both the shared entanglement and the accessible quantum information. We further find that, in the anti-Unruh regime, the teleportation fidelity is independent of the local free-evolution time of Alice's and Rob's states. At high accelerations, the recovered entanglement and quantum information enhance the teleportation fidelity, which approaches unity under appropriate conditions. These results demonstrate that the anti-Unruh effect can protect and recover quantum entanglement and information in a non-inertial frame by reducing the detector's effective temperature and the associated decoherence.
We propose a method for simulating an Unruh-DeWitt detector, coupled to a 1+11+11+1-dimensional massless scalar field, with a suitably engineered ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{(2)}$ nonlinear interaction. In this simulation, the parameter playing the role of the detector acceleration is played by the relative inverse-group-velocity gradient inside the nonlinear material. We identify experimental parameters that tune the detector energy gap, acceleration, and switching function. This system can simulate time-dependent acceleration, time-dependent detector energy gaps, and nonvacuum initial detector-field states. Furthermore, for very short materials, the system can simulate the weak anti-Unruh effect, in which the response of the detector decreases with acceleration.