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arXiv:2301.11884 · IET Quantum Communication

Long‐range quantum energy teleportation and distribution on a hyperbolic quantum network

Kazuki Ikeda

Published Feb 19, 2024• 19 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Abstract Teleporting energy to remote locations is new challenge for quantum information science and technology. Developing a method for transferring local energy in laboratory systems to remote locations will enable non‐trivial energy flows in quantum networks. From the perspective of quantum information engineering, we propose a method for distributing local energy to a large number of remote nodes using hyperbolic geometry. Hyperbolic networks are suitable for energy allocation in large quantum networks since the number of nodes grows exponentially. To realise long‐range quantum energy teleportation (QET), we propose a hybrid method of quantum state telepotation and QET. By transmitting local quantum information through quantum teleportation and performing conditional operations on that information, QET can theoretically be realized independent of geographical distance. The method we present will provide new insights into new applications of future large‐scale quantum networks and potential applications of quantum physics to information engineering.

DOI
10.1049/qtc2.12090

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Quantum networks play a pivotal role in quantum information science, which not only provide a secure communication platform for remote access to quantum computers but also serve as the strategic core for achieving large-scale quantum information processing, forming the foundational infrastructure for the future global-scale quantum internet. Quantum teleportation, which enables the transmission of unknown quantum states over long distances by employing quantum entanglement together with classical communication, is essential for the distribution of quantum resources in the construction of the global-scale quantum internet. To realize a global-scale quantum internet, quantum repeater protocols represent one of the most promising approaches for enabling quantum communication between any nodes. This concise review presents representative experimental demonstrations of quantum teleportation for constructing quantum networks across different physical platforms. Along this trajectory, the review discusses current challenges, open issues, and future perspectives toward scalable and practical quantum internet.
Teleporting physical quantities to remote locations remains a key challenge for quantum information science and technology. Quantum teleportation has enabled the transfer of quantum information, but teleportation of quantum physical quantities has not yet been realized. Here we report the realization and observation of quantum energy teleportation on real superconducting quantum hardware. We achieve this by using several IBM superconducting quantum computers. The results are consistent with the exact solution of the theory and are improved by the mitigation of measurement error. Quantum energy teleportation requires only local operations and classical communication. Therefore, our results provide a realistic benchmark that is fully achievable with current quantum computing and communication technologies.
Quantum Energy Teleportation (QET) constitutes a paradigm-shifting protocol that permits the activation of local vacuum energy through the consumption of pre-existing entanglement and classical communication. Nevertheless, the implementation of QET is severely impeded by the fundamental locality of gapped many-body systems, where the exponential clustering of ground-state correlations restricts energy extraction to microscopic scales. In this work, we address this scalability crisis within the framework of the one-dimensional anisotropic XY model. We initially provide a rigorous characterization of a monolithic measurement-induced strategy, demonstrating that while bulk projective measurements can theoretically induce long-range couplings, the approach is rendered physically untenable by exponentially diverging thermodynamic costs and vanishing success probabilities. To circumvent this impasse, we propose and analyze a hierarchical quantum repeater architecture adapted for energy teleportation. By orchestrating heralded entanglement generation, iterative entanglement purification, and nested entanglement swapping, our protocol effectively counteracts the fidelity degradation inherent in noisy quantum channels. We establish that this architecture fundamentally alters the operational resource scaling from exponential to polynomial. This proves, for the first time, the physical permissibility and computational tractability of activating vacuum energy at arbitrary distances. The significance lies not in net energy gain, but in establishing long-range QET as a viable protocol for remote quantum control and resource distribution.
Quantum energy teleportation (QET) exploits the existence of correlations to enable remote energy transfer without the need for physical energy carriers between emitter and receiver. This paper presents a review of the thermodynamic foundations of QET and reviews its first experimental demonstration (performed using nuclear magnetic resonance), along with its implementation on publicly available superconducting quantum hardware. Additionally, we review an application of QET in the field of quantum thermodynamics as an efficient algorithmic cooling technique to cool down individual parts of interacting systems. Finally, we will review how QET can be employed to optimally generate exotic quantum states characterized by negative average stress–energy densities, offering a new operational approach to engineering such states that are promising in the context of semiclassical gravity.