Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:2212.12428 · Applied Optics

Multiscale architecture for fast optical addressing and control of large-scale qubit arrays

Trent Graham, E. Oh, Mark E. Saffman

Published Mar 20, 2023• 13 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

This paper presents a technique for rapid site-selective control of the quantum state of particles in a large array using the combination of a fast deflector (e.g., an acousto-optic deflector) and a relatively slow spatial light modulator (SLM). The use of SLMs for site-selective quantum state manipulation has been limited due to slow transition times that prevent rapid, consecutive quantum gates. By partitioning the SLM into multiple segments and using a fast deflector to transition between them, it is possible to substantially reduce the average time increment between scanner transitions by increasing the number of gates that can be performed for a single SLM full-frame setting. We analyzed the performance of this device in two different configurations: In configuration 1, each SLM segment addresses the full qubit array; in configuration 2, each SLM segment addresses a subarray and an additional fast deflector positions that subarray with respect to the full qubit array. With these hybrid scanners, we calculated qubit addressing rates that are tens to hundreds of times faster than using an SLM alone.

DOI
10.1364/ao.484367

Related papers

A 10 Megahertz Spatial Light Modulator

Xin Wei, Zeyang Li, Abhishek V. Karve +3 more

Rapid and programmable shaping of light fields is central to modern microscopy, display technologies, optical communications and sensing, quantum engineering, and quantum information processing. Current wavefront shaping technologies face a fundamental dichotomy: liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulators (LCoS-SLMs) offer high pixel count but suffer from low refresh rates, while acousto-optic deflectors (AODs) provide moderate speed with restricted optical beam geometries. Though recent advances in photonic integrated circuits achieve fast switching, there is currently no tool that provides MHz-rate, continuous motion, and arbitrarily reconfigurable control over a set of diffraction-limited spots. Here we introduce a new class of spatial light modulator that provides both 2D pixel geometry and high speed. The device operates by encoding spatial information in frequency bins via a broadband optical phase modulator, and decoding them via a first-of-its-kind, high-resolution 2D spectrometer. The spectrometer, based on the architecture which we call the Re-Imaging Phased Array (RIPA), achieves its sensitivity through long path-lengths, enabled by intra-spectrometer re-imaging lens-guides. We demonstrate site-resolved optical pulsing with a 44(1)~ns rise time, corresponding to frame rates exceeding 10 million frames per second, as well as arbitrary, reconfigurable 2D addressing and multi-site operations, including asynchronous, independent beam motion, splitting, and recombination. Leveraging these tools opens new horizons in rapid optical manipulation of matter across science, from fast, scalable control that approaches the inertial and radiation limits of atoms in quantum processors, to dynamically programmable, microsecond-resolved illumination in microscopy and neuro-biological imaging.

quant-pharXiv:2601.08906•Jan 15, 2026

Dynamic high-speed spatial manipulation of cold atoms using acousto-optic and spatial light modulation

Fredrik K. Fatemi, Mark Bashkansky, Zachary Dutton

We demonstrate an experimental technique for high-resolution, high-speed spatial manipulation of atom clouds. By combining holographically engineered laser beams from a spatial light modulator with off-axis shear mode acousto-optic deflectors, we manipulate 1 x 3 arrays of cold atoms with individual site addressability. Additionally, we demonstrate smooth 2-dimensional motion of atomic ensembles, and the ability to guide multiple atomic ensembles independently.

Optics Express•Mar 19, 2007•42 citations

Device for MHz-rate rastering of arbitrary 2D optical potentials

Edita Bytyqi, Josiah Sinclair, Joshua Ramette +1 more

Current architectures for neutral-atom arrays utilize devices such as acousto-optic deflectors (AODs) and spatial light modulators (SLMs) to multiplex a single classical control line into N qubit control lines. Dynamic control is speed-limited by the response time of AODs, and geometrically constrained to respect a product structure, limiting motion to row-by-row or column-by-column moves. We propose an optical rastering device that can produce any 2D pattern, not limited to grids, at 1 MHz refresh rates. We demonstrate a design with a resolution of 40 x 40 that can be further scaled up to 100 x 100 to match existing and future neutral atom devices. The ability to simultaneously transport atomic qubits in arbitrary directions will enhance qubit connectivity, enable more efficient circuits, and may have broader applications ranging from LiDAR to fluorescence microscopy.

quant-pharXiv:2602.16025•Feb 19, 2026•1 citation

Fast transport, atom sample splitting and single-atom qubit supply in two-dimensional arrays of optical microtraps

Malte Schlosser, J Kruse, C Gierl +3 more

Two-dimensional arrays of optical microtraps created by micro-optical elements present a versatile and scalable architecture for neutral atom quantum information processing, quantum simulation and the manipulation of ultra-cold quantum gases. In this paper, we demonstrate the advanced capabilities of this approach by introducing novel techniques and functionalities as well as the combined operation of previous separately implemented functions. We introduce piezo-actuator-based transport of atom ensembles over distances of more than one trap separation, examine the capabilities of rapid atom transport provided by acousto-optical beam steering and analyse the adiabaticity limit for atom transport in these configurations. We implement a spatial light modulator with 8 bit transmission control for the per-site adjustment of the trap depth and the number of atoms loaded. We combine single-site addressing, trap depth control and atom transport in one configuration for demonstrating the splitting of atom ensembles with variable ratio at predefined register sites. Finally, we use controlled sub-poissonian preparation of single trapped atoms from such an ensemble to show that our approach allows for the implementation of a continuous supply of single-atom qubits with high fidelity. These novel implementations and their combined operation significantly extend available techniques for the dynamical and reconfigurable manipulation of ultra-cold atoms in dipole traps.

arXiv:1301.1160•New Journal of Physics•Dec 31, 2012•36 citations

Device for MHz-rate rastering of arbitrary 2D optical potentials

Edita Bytyqi, Josiah Sinclair, Joshua Ramette +1 more

Current architectures for neutral-atom arrays use devices such as acousto-optic deflectors (AODs) and spatial light modulators (SLMs) to multiplex a single classical control line into N qubit control lines. Dynamic control is speed-limited by the response time of AODs, and geometrically constrained to respect a product structure, limiting motion to row-by-row or column-by-column moves. We propose an optical rastering device that can produce any 2D pattern, not limited to grids, at 1 MHz refresh rates. We demonstrate a design with a resolution of 40 × 40 that can be further scaled up to 100 × 100 to match existing and future neutral atom devices. The ability to simultaneously transport atomic qubits in arbitrary directions will enhance qubit connectivity and enable more efficient circuits and may have broader applications ranging from LiDAR to fluorescence microscopy.

Optics Letters•Jun 11, 2026•2 citations

Low-crosstalk optical addressing system for atomic qubits based on multiple objectives and acousto-optic deflectors

Yi-Long Chen, Rui-Rui Li, Ran He +6 more

Individual addressing with low crosstalk is crucial for high-fidelity quantum gates in trapped-ion systems, but technical challenges in reducing ion crosstalk have thwarted progress. This study uses symmetrically configured acousto-optic deflectors to achieve a Rabi-rate crosstalk as low as $1.19(5)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$. Additionally, such deflectors offer flexible manipulation and two-dimensional addressing, making them a promising platform for scalable quantum circuits. This result could significantly advance the practical application of fault-tolerant quantum computing.

Physical Review Applied•Nov 1, 2024•6 citations
This paper presents a technique for rapid site-selective control of the quantum state of particles in a large array using the combination of a fast deflector (e.g., an acousto-optic deflector) and a relatively slow spatial light modulator (SLM). The use of SLMs for site-selective quantum state manipulation has been limited due to slow transition times that prevent rapid, consecutive quantum gates. By partitioning the SLM into multiple segments and using a fast deflector to transition between them, it is possible to substantially reduce the average time increment between scanner transitions by increasing the number of gates that can be performed for a single SLM full-frame setting. We analyzed the performance of this device in two different configurations: In configuration 1, each SLM segment addresses the full qubit array; in configuration 2, each SLM segment addresses a subarray and an additional fast deflector positions that subarray with respect to the full qubit array. With these hybrid scanners, we calculated qubit addressing rates that are tens to hundreds of times faster than using an SLM alone.
Rapid and programmable shaping of light fields is central to modern microscopy, display technologies, optical communications and sensing, quantum engineering, and quantum information processing. Current wavefront shaping technologies face a fundamental dichotomy: liquid-crystal-on-silicon spatial light modulators (LCoS-SLMs) offer high pixel count but suffer from low refresh rates, while acousto-optic deflectors (AODs) provide moderate speed with restricted optical beam geometries. Though recent advances in photonic integrated circuits achieve fast switching, there is currently no tool that provides MHz-rate, continuous motion, and arbitrarily reconfigurable control over a set of diffraction-limited spots. Here we introduce a new class of spatial light modulator that provides both 2D pixel geometry and high speed. The device operates by encoding spatial information in frequency bins via a broadband optical phase modulator, and decoding them via a first-of-its-kind, high-resolution 2D spectrometer. The spectrometer, based on the architecture which we call the Re-Imaging Phased Array (RIPA), achieves its sensitivity through long path-lengths, enabled by intra-spectrometer re-imaging lens-guides. We demonstrate site-resolved optical pulsing with a 44(1)~ns rise time, corresponding to frame rates exceeding 10 million frames per second, as well as arbitrary, reconfigurable 2D addressing and multi-site operations, including asynchronous, independent beam motion, splitting, and recombination. Leveraging these tools opens new horizons in rapid optical manipulation of matter across science, from fast, scalable control that approaches the inertial and radiation limits of atoms in quantum processors, to dynamically programmable, microsecond-resolved illumination in microscopy and neuro-biological imaging.
Current architectures for neutral-atom arrays utilize devices such as acousto-optic deflectors (AODs) and spatial light modulators (SLMs) to multiplex a single classical control line into N qubit control lines. Dynamic control is speed-limited by the response time of AODs, and geometrically constrained to respect a product structure, limiting motion to row-by-row or column-by-column moves. We propose an optical rastering device that can produce any 2D pattern, not limited to grids, at 1 MHz refresh rates. We demonstrate a design with a resolution of 40 x 40 that can be further scaled up to 100 x 100 to match existing and future neutral atom devices. The ability to simultaneously transport atomic qubits in arbitrary directions will enhance qubit connectivity, enable more efficient circuits, and may have broader applications ranging from LiDAR to fluorescence microscopy.
Two-dimensional arrays of optical microtraps created by micro-optical elements present a versatile and scalable architecture for neutral atom quantum information processing, quantum simulation and the manipulation of ultra-cold quantum gases. In this paper, we demonstrate the advanced capabilities of this approach by introducing novel techniques and functionalities as well as the combined operation of previous separately implemented functions. We introduce piezo-actuator-based transport of atom ensembles over distances of more than one trap separation, examine the capabilities of rapid atom transport provided by acousto-optical beam steering and analyse the adiabaticity limit for atom transport in these configurations. We implement a spatial light modulator with 8 bit transmission control for the per-site adjustment of the trap depth and the number of atoms loaded. We combine single-site addressing, trap depth control and atom transport in one configuration for demonstrating the splitting of atom ensembles with variable ratio at predefined register sites. Finally, we use controlled sub-poissonian preparation of single trapped atoms from such an ensemble to show that our approach allows for the implementation of a continuous supply of single-atom qubits with high fidelity. These novel implementations and their combined operation significantly extend available techniques for the dynamical and reconfigurable manipulation of ultra-cold atoms in dipole traps.
Current architectures for neutral-atom arrays use devices such as acousto-optic deflectors (AODs) and spatial light modulators (SLMs) to multiplex a single classical control line into N qubit control lines. Dynamic control is speed-limited by the response time of AODs, and geometrically constrained to respect a product structure, limiting motion to row-by-row or column-by-column moves. We propose an optical rastering device that can produce any 2D pattern, not limited to grids, at 1 MHz refresh rates. We demonstrate a design with a resolution of 40 × 40 that can be further scaled up to 100 × 100 to match existing and future neutral atom devices. The ability to simultaneously transport atomic qubits in arbitrary directions will enhance qubit connectivity and enable more efficient circuits and may have broader applications ranging from LiDAR to fluorescence microscopy.
Individual addressing with low crosstalk is crucial for high-fidelity quantum gates in trapped-ion systems, but technical challenges in reducing ion crosstalk have thwarted progress. This study uses symmetrically configured acousto-optic deflectors to achieve a Rabi-rate crosstalk as low as $1.19(5)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}3}$. Additionally, such deflectors offer flexible manipulation and two-dimensional addressing, making them a promising platform for scalable quantum circuits. This result could significantly advance the practical application of fault-tolerant quantum computing.