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arXiv:2211.03475 · IEEE Information Theory Workshop (ITW)

Testing Against Independence with an Eavesdropper

Sara Faour, Mustapha Hamad, Mireille Sarkiss, Michèle Wigger

Published Apr 23, 2023• 5 citations
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Abstract

We study a distributed binary hypothesis testing (HT) problem with communication and security constraints, involving three parties: a remote sensor called Alice, a legitimate decision center called Bob, and an eavesdropper called Eve, all having their own source observations. In this system, Alice conveys a rate-R description of her observations to Bob, and Bob performs a binary hypothesis test on the joint distribution underlying his and Alice’s observations. The goal of Alice and Bob is to maximize the exponential decay of Bob’s miss-detection (type-II error) probability under two constraints: Bob’s false-alarm (type-I error) probability has to stay below a given threshold and Eve’s uncertainty (equivocation) about Alice’s observations should stay above a given security threshold even when Eve learns Alice’s message. For the special case of testing against independence, we characterize the largest possible type-II error exponent under the described type-I error probability and security constraints.

DOI
10.1109/itw55543.2023.10161630

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We study a distributed binary hypothesis testing (HT) problem with communication and security constraints, involving three parties: a remote sensor called Alice, a legitimate decision center called Bob, and an eavesdropper called Eve, all having their own source observations. In this system, Alice conveys a rate-R description of her observations to Bob, and Bob performs a binary hypothesis test on the joint distribution underlying his and Alice’s observations. The goal of Alice and Bob is to maximize the exponential decay of Bob’s miss-detection (type-II error) probability under two constraints: Bob’s false-alarm (type-I error) probability has to stay below a given threshold and Eve’s uncertainty (equivocation) about Alice’s observations should stay above a given security threshold even when Eve learns Alice’s message. For the special case of testing against independence, we characterize the largest possible type-II error exponent under the described type-I error probability and security constraints.
The distributed binary hypothesis testing problem with communication and security constraints is investigated. A legitimate statistician (referred to as Bob) is interested in detecting the joint probability distribution of two remotely located sources. To this end, Bob has access to analog and coded data where the later is observed at another node (referred to as Alice) and communicated over a public noise-less channel of finite rate. An eavesdropper (referred to as Eve) has access to the encoded bits. In this framework, we study the tradeoff between the maximum achievable error exponent at Bob, i.e., the minimum Type II error probability for a fixed Type I probability of error, the rate and the equivocation rate. We first derive an achievable rate-exponent-equivocation region. Then, we investigate the special case of testing against independence for which we provide the optimal rate-exponent-equivocation region. An application example to binary sources is also considered.
A distributed binary hypothesis testing problem involving three parties, a remote node, called the observer, a legitimate decoder, called the detector, and an adversary, is studied. The remote node observes a discrete memoryless source, and communicates its observations over a rate-limited noiseless public channel to the detector, which tests for the conditional independence of its own observations from that of the remote node, conditioned on some additional side information. The adversary, in addition to observing the public message, has access to its own correlated side-information. Considering the type 2 error exponent for a given type 1 error probability constraint as the performance measure for the hypothesis test at the detector, and equivocation of the source at the adversary as the secrecy measure, a single-letter characterization of the rate-error exponent-equivocation trade-off is established. Additionally, for a general distortion measure, imposing the average distortion at the adversary as the measure of secrecy achieved, an inner bound on the trade-off between the rate, error exponent and average distortion is obtained. This bound is shown to be tight under the less noisy condition on the adversary's side information.
Vector Quantization (VQ) design for distributed binary decision in the presence of an eavesdropper (Eve) is investigated. An encoder/quantizer (Alice) observes i.i.d. samples and communicates them via a public noiseless rate-limited channel to the detector (Bob) who has also access to a correlated analog source. Bob can take advantage of both informations to perform a binary decision on the joint probability law of these observations. Eve is further assumed to have access to another correlated analog source. This paper evaluates relevant trade-offs between the error probability of the two types and the amount of tolerated information leakage, for the particular case of testing against independence. An application to illustrate our results to real-data measured from the electric consumption at houses to perform anomaly detection is also provided.
The design of scalar quantization for distributed binary decision in presence of an eavesdropper (Eve) is investigated. An encoder/quantizer (Alice) observes a memoryless source and communicate via a public noiseless rate-limited channel with the detector (Bob) who has also access to a correlated analog source. Bob can take advantage of both informations to perform a binary decision on the joint probability law of these observations. Eve is further assumed to have access to a different correlated analog source and perfectly observe the information bits sent by Alice. This paper evaluates the various tradeoffs between the probabilities of error (on the decision) depending on the amount of information leakage from Alice to Eve. The Bhattacharyya distance; one of the distances measuring the difference between two probability distributions; is taken as a criterion to optimize the scalar quantizer subject to a tolerable constraint on the information leakage at the level of Eve. Numerical results for memoryless Gaussian sources demonstrate the performance of the proposed quantization method.
The design of scalar quantization for distributed binary decision in presence of an eavesdropper (Eve) is investigated. An encoder/quantizer (Alice) observes a memoryless source and communicate via a public noiseless rate-limited channel with the detector (Bob) who has also access to a correlated analog source. Bob can take advantage of both informations to perform a binary decision on the joint probability law of these observations. Eve is further assumed to have access to a different correlated analog source and perfectly observe the information bits sent by Alice. This paper evaluates the various tradeoffs between the probabilities of error (on the decision) depending on the amount of information leakage from Alice to Eve. The Bhattacharyya distance; one of the distances measuring the difference between two probability distributions; is taken as a criterion to optimize the scalar quantizer subject to a tolerable constraint on the information leakage at the level of Eve. Numerical results for memoryless Gaussian sources demonstrate the performance of the proposed quantization method.
In this manuscript, the problem of function computation with privacy constraints is considered. The problem consists of two legitimate nodes Alice and Bob, and an eavesdropper Eve. Bob would like to compute a function, and the arguments of the function are two source observation sequences that are distributed over the legitimate nodes respectively. To make the function computable at Bob, Alice is allowed to transmit a message to Bob via a public noiseless channel, which Eve has full access to. Under this model, we study the relationship among message rate, private information leakage to Bob and equivocation of Alice's source observations at Eve, and fully single-letter characterize the region of these achievable parameter tuples.