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arXiv:2210.07705 · Physics Letters A

Schrödinger cat states prepared by logical gate with non-Gaussian resource state: Effect of finite squeezing and efficiency versus monotones

A. V. Baeva, A. S. Losev, I. V. Sokolov

Published Mar 1, 2023• 11 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1016/j.physleta.2023.128730

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Iterative CZC_ZCZ​-gate-based protocol for squeezed Schrödinger cat state engineering
Squeezed optical Schrödinger cat states constitute a key resource for both fundamental tests of quantum theory and up-to-date quantum technologies. We propose a measurement-assisted gate for the generation and manipulation of the cat states. In this scheme, an ancilla in the non-Gaussian small-amplitude (in general, squeezed) Schrödinger cat state and the target oscillator initially prepared in a squeezed vacuum (or coherent) state are subjected to a quantum nondemolition (QND) entangling operation followed by projective homodyne measurement. The proposed gate enables generation of high-fidelity squeezed Schrödinger cat states with controllable size and squeezing with tunable fidelity/success-probability trade-off. We also introduce an iterative, homodyne-conditioned CZC_ZCZ​-based protocol for cat-state amplification. The parameter regimes required to achieve the desired fidelity and the success probability are analyzed. The approach is well suited for applications in measurement-based quantum computing and hybrid quantum networks where non-Gaussian resources enhance computational and communication capabilities.
Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) states are widely studied as a bosonic encoding for fault-tolerant quantum computing because small displacement errors can be identified and corrected through syndrome measurements. However, fault-tolerant operation requires substantially greater GKP squeezing than is currently available in optical platforms. It is therefore important to identify quantum-information tasks that can be realised with finite-squeezing GKP states. Here, we study Bell nonlocality in finite-energy GKP Bell states under experimentally motivated measurement constraints. Although finite-energy GKP Bell states support Bell nonlocality even at low squeezing, logical Pauli measurements alone cannot reveal it. Accessing the maximum CHSH violation supported by the state generally requires logical non-Clifford rotations. We instead show that the required non-Gaussian resource can reside in the measurement itself. Photon-number-resolving detection combined with Gaussian preprocessing and adaptive feed-forward closely approaches the maximum violation of the CHSH Bell inequality without implementing logical non-Clifford gates. The same measurement principle strongly enhances Bell violations for cat-code Bell pairs and entangled coherent states, demonstrating that its usefulness extends beyond the GKP lattice. Our results identify non-Gaussian measurements as a practical route to revealing Bell nonlocality in finite-energy bosonic states.