Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:2209.05716 · Physical Review A

Increased success probability in Hardy's nonlocality: Theory and demonstration

Duc Minh Tran, Nguyễn Văn Duy, Le Bin Ho, Hung Q. Nguyen

Published Apr 14, 2023• 13 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The authors introduce a quantum nonlocal scheme for $n$-particle systems using a theoretical model and a quantum simulation. They find a particular version of Hardy's paradox that yields a very high nonlocal probability that approaches 15.6% as the system size $n$ grows.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.107.042210

Related papers

Hardy's paradox for multisetting high-dimensional systems

Hui-Xian Meng, Jie Zhou, Zhen‐Peng Xu +4 more

Recently, an alternative form of Hardy's paradox was introduced for two-setting high-dimensional systems [Phys. Rev. A 88, 062116 (2013)], for which the maximum probability of the nonlocal event was shown to increase as the dimension goes larger. Here, we generalize the result to a general scenario with multisetting high-dimensional systems. The general Hardy's paradox (i) reduces to the one by Chen et al. [Phys. Rev. A 88, 062116 (2013)] for two settings, (ii) is equivalent to the ladder proof of nonlocality without inequalities given by Boschi et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2755 (1997)] for two-dimensional systems, and (iii) increases the maximum probability of the nonlocal event for, e.g., three-dimensional systems. In particular, the maximum probability for the five-setting three-dimensional system is increased to $0.401\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}84$, which is larger than 0.171 originally by Cabello [Phys. Rev. A 58, 1687 (1998)].

arXiv:1805.04651•Physical Review A•Dec 3, 2018•23 citations

General Hardy's Paradox

Shuhan Jiang, Zhen‐Peng Xu, Hong-Yi Su +2 more

Here we present the most general framework for $n$-particle Hardy's paradoxes, which include Hardy's original one and Cereceda's extension as special cases. Remarkably, for any $n\ge 3$ we demonstrate that there always exist generalized paradoxes (with the success probability as high as $1/2^{n-1}$) that are stronger than the previous ones in showing the conflict of quantum mechanics with local realism. An experimental proposal to observe the stronger paradox is also presented for the case of three qubits. Furthermore, from these paradoxes we can construct the most general Hardy's inequalities, which enable us to detect Bell's nonlocality for more quantum states.

•Sep 28, 2017•0 citations

Generalized Hardy’s Paradox

Shuhan Jiang, Zhen‐Peng Xu, Hong-Yi Su +2 more

Here, we present the most general framework for n-particle Hardy's paradoxes, which include Hardy's original one and Cereceda's extension as special cases. Remarkably, for any n≥3, we demonstrate that there always exist generalized paradoxes (with the success probability as high as 1/2^{n-1}) that are stronger than the previous ones in showing the conflict of quantum mechanics with local realism. An experimental proposal to observe the stronger paradox is also presented for the case of three qubits. Furthermore, from these paradoxes we can construct the most general Hardy's inequalities, which enable us to detect Bell's nonlocality for more quantum states.

arXiv:1709.09812•Physical Review Letters•Jan 30, 2018•44 citations

Hardy's paradox for high-dimensional systems

Jing‐Ling Chen, Adán Cabello, Zhen‐Peng Xu +3 more

Hardy's proof is considered the simplest proof of nonlocality. Here we introduce an equally simple proof that (i) has Hardy's as a particular case, (ii) shows that the probability of nonlocal events grows with the dimension of the local systems, and (iii) is always equivalent to the violation of a tight Bell inequality. Our proof has all the features of Hardy's and adds the only ingredient of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen scenario missing in Hardy's proof: It applies to measurements with an arbitrarily large number of outcomes.

arXiv:1308.4468•Physical Review A•Dec 30, 2013•45 citations

Testing quantum nonlocality with high probability using quantum mixed state based on hardy-type paradox

Jin Liu, Bo Miao, Xin-Yan Jia +1 more

量子非局域关联是量子力学预言的重要现象, 同时也是量子理论区别于经典理论的重要特征之一. 因此, 对量子非局域关联的高成功概率检验有着重要意义. 本文提出了一种基于Hardy-type佯谬的、可用于针对纯态和混合态进行高成功概率量子非局域关联检验的逻辑, 并对其适用性进行了证明. 研究发现, 利用本文提出的检验逻辑对量子纯态进行量子非局域关联检验, 成功检验概率将随着量子纯态的纠缠度增加而出现先增大后减小的现象, 最大的成功检验概率超过39%. 进一步利用提出的检验逻辑, 以Werner态这种量子混合态为例, 进行了针对混合态的量子非局域关联的高概率检验研究. 研究发现, 随着混合态的纯度增加, 成功进行量子非局域关联检验的概率也将增加. 最后给出了针对Werner态这种量子混合态进行高成功概率量子非局域关联检验的条件和范围.

Acta Physica Sinica•Jan 1, 2019•3 citations

Generalized probability for Hardy’s nonlocality contradiction

Jose Luis Cereceda

Here the probability for a nonlocality contradiction of the Hardy type is made to depend explicitly on both the quantum state describing the particles and the choice of one of the observables involved. One can then set the above probability to any prescribed value within a certain interval by varying a suitable experimental parameter, with the quantum state remaining unchanged.

Physical Review A•Jan 1, 1998•7 citations
The authors introduce a quantum nonlocal scheme for nnn-particle systems using a theoretical model and a quantum simulation. They find a particular version of Hardy's paradox that yields a very high nonlocal probability that approaches 15.6% as the system size nnn grows.
Recently, an alternative form of Hardy's paradox was introduced for two-setting high-dimensional systems [Phys. Rev. A 88, 062116 (2013)], for which the maximum probability of the nonlocal event was shown to increase as the dimension goes larger. Here, we generalize the result to a general scenario with multisetting high-dimensional systems. The general Hardy's paradox (i) reduces to the one by Chen et al. [Phys. Rev. A 88, 062116 (2013)] for two settings, (ii) is equivalent to the ladder proof of nonlocality without inequalities given by Boschi et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 2755 (1997)] for two-dimensional systems, and (iii) increases the maximum probability of the nonlocal event for, e.g., three-dimensional systems. In particular, the maximum probability for the five-setting three-dimensional system is increased to 0.401840.401\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}840.40184, which is larger than 0.171 originally by Cabello [Phys. Rev. A 58, 1687 (1998)].
Here we present the most general framework for nnn-particle Hardy's paradoxes, which include Hardy's original one and Cereceda's extension as special cases. Remarkably, for any n≥3n\ge 3n≥3 we demonstrate that there always exist generalized paradoxes (with the success probability as high as 1/2n−11/2^{n-1}1/2n−1) that are stronger than the previous ones in showing the conflict of quantum mechanics with local realism. An experimental proposal to observe the stronger paradox is also presented for the case of three qubits. Furthermore, from these paradoxes we can construct the most general Hardy's inequalities, which enable us to detect Bell's nonlocality for more quantum states.
Here, we present the most general framework for n-particle Hardy's paradoxes, which include Hardy's original one and Cereceda's extension as special cases. Remarkably, for any n≥3, we demonstrate that there always exist generalized paradoxes (with the success probability as high as 1/2^{n-1}) that are stronger than the previous ones in showing the conflict of quantum mechanics with local realism. An experimental proposal to observe the stronger paradox is also presented for the case of three qubits. Furthermore, from these paradoxes we can construct the most general Hardy's inequalities, which enable us to detect Bell's nonlocality for more quantum states.
Hardy's proof is considered the simplest proof of nonlocality. Here we introduce an equally simple proof that (i) has Hardy's as a particular case, (ii) shows that the probability of nonlocal events grows with the dimension of the local systems, and (iii) is always equivalent to the violation of a tight Bell inequality. Our proof has all the features of Hardy's and adds the only ingredient of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen scenario missing in Hardy's proof: It applies to measurements with an arbitrarily large number of outcomes.
量子非局域关联是量子力学预言的重要现象, 同时也是量子理论区别于经典理论的重要特征之一. 因此, 对量子非局域关联的高成功概率检验有着重要意义. 本文提出了一种基于Hardy-type佯谬的、可用于针对纯态和混合态进行高成功概率量子非局域关联检验的逻辑, 并对其适用性进行了证明. 研究发现, 利用本文提出的检验逻辑对量子纯态进行量子非局域关联检验, 成功检验概率将随着量子纯态的纠缠度增加而出现先增大后减小的现象, 最大的成功检验概率超过39%. 进一步利用提出的检验逻辑, 以Werner态这种量子混合态为例, 进行了针对混合态的量子非局域关联的高概率检验研究. 研究发现, 随着混合态的纯度增加, 成功进行量子非局域关联检验的概率也将增加. 最后给出了针对Werner态这种量子混合态进行高成功概率量子非局域关联检验的条件和范围.