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arXiv:2207.10452 · Modern Physics Letters A

Multi-photon-addition amplified coherent state

Xue-feng Zhan, Qiang Ke, Min-xiang Li, Xue-xiang Xu

Published Nov 30, 2022• 3 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

State [Formula: see text] and state [Formula: see text] are same to state [Formula: see text], which is called as multi-photon-addition amplified coherent state (MPAACS) by us. Here, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] are photon number operator, creation operator, coherent state, gain factor, and an integer, respectively. We study mathematical and physical properties for these MPAACSs, including normalization, photon component analysis, Wigner function, effective gain, quadrature squeezing, and equivalent input noise. Actually, the MPAACS, which contains more nonclassicality, is an amplified version of photon-added coherent state (PACS) introduced by Agarwal and Tara [Phys. Rev. A 43, 492 (1991)]. Our work provides theoretical references for implementing amplifiers for light fields.

DOI
10.1142/s0217732322502327

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State [Formula: see text] and state [Formula: see text] are same to state [Formula: see text], which is called as multi-photon-addition amplified coherent state (MPAACS) by us. Here, [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] are photon number operator, creation operator, coherent state, gain factor, and an integer, respectively. We study mathematical and physical properties for these MPAACSs, including normalization, photon component analysis, Wigner function, effective gain, quadrature squeezing, and equivalent input noise. Actually, the MPAACS, which contains more nonclassicality, is an amplified version of photon-added coherent state (PACS) introduced by Agarwal and Tara [Phys. Rev. A 43, 492 (1991)]. Our work provides theoretical references for implementing amplifiers for light fields.
Multi-photon-added cat states are constructed by repeatedly applying the creation operator to a cat state. We study in detail their photon-number distribution, QQQ parameter, squeezing properties, and Wigner function. We show that photon addition induces a πππ phase shift in the original parity configuration whenever an odd number of photons is added, reflected as swapped vanishing probabilities and phase space displacements at the origin. Remarkably, the same process drives these states into a sub-Poissonian regime regardless of the relative phase between their coherent state components, making them valuable resources for quantum imaging, at the cost of losing quadrature squeezing, but gaining amplitude-squared one. We also discuss how these states can be generated using existing hardware.
Based on the coherent state (S1) and the operator [Formula: see text], we induce other three quantum states (here we abbreviate them as S2, S3 and S4). S2 is obtained by operating the operator on S1 directly. S3 is an orthogonal state of S1 constructed from the orthogonalizer relevant with that operator. S4 is a continuous-variable (CV) qubit state superposed from S1 and S3. We study and compare the mathematical and physical properties of such four quantum states. We demonstrate some statistical properties for S1–S4, including the mean photon number (MPN), anti-bunching effect, quadrate squeezing, photon number distribution, Husimi Q-function and Wigner function. The numerical results show some interesting non-classical characters for such states. It is worthy to note that the photon-added coherent state introduced by Agarwal and Tara is only a special case of our considered states.
Two “amplified” quantum states, that is, amplified coherent state (ACS) and amplified squeezed vacuum (ASV), are considered in this paper by applying operator [Formula: see text] on coherent state (CS) and squeezed vacuum (SV), respectively. Here [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] denotes a amplification factor and [Formula: see text]) denote the creation (annihilation) operator. Along these two lines, we make a comparative analysis of properties for ACS and ASV. The considered properties include density matrix elements, Wigner function, mean photon number, second-order autocorrelation function, and quadrature squeezing. We derive analytical expressions and make numerical simulations for all the properties. The noteworthy results include: (1) the ACS has antibunching and squeezing characters; (2) the ASV will have the bunching and antibunching effect in small initial squeezing.
We demonstrate explicitly the completeness of photon-added coherent states (PACSs), introduced by Agarwal and Tara (Agarwal G S and Tara K 1991 Phys. Rev. A 43 492) and defined, up to normalization, by (â † ) M | z ⟩, M = 0,1,2,...,, where â † is the boson creation operator and | z ⟩ are conventional Glauber-Klauder coherent states. We find the analytical form of the positive weight function in their resolution of unity by solving the associated Stieltjes power-moment problem. We furnish an example of generation of another set of PACSs which are complete.
Agarwal and Tara, in 1991 introduced a new class of states defined as m times application of creation operator to Coherent States known as Excited Coherent States (ECS) or Photon Added Coherent States (PACS). They are neither completely quantum nor completely classical. Here we present and develop these Excited Coherent Sates from a basic and more approachable Wave-function approach. We have derived the ECS wave function as a blend of Coherent States and Fock States and thus established them as a result of Quantum fluctuations (represented by Fock states) on Coherent States. We further derived and analyzed basic relations such as wave packet width and uncertainty relation in a more generalized form and presented their development with time. Another important property of ECS is Quadrature Squeezing. Here we also present a general analysis of squeezing in ECS and derived conditions on parameters for squeezing.
Abstract In this paper, we aim to introduce a new state called photon-subtracted-then-added squeezing-enhanced coherent state (PSASECS) by multiple photon subtraction and then addition to a squeezing-enhanced coherent state. We investigate the non-Gaussianity and nonclassicality of this new state in detail, including its Wigner function, sub-Poissonian statistics, Q -function, squeezing, and antibunching properties. The obtained results indicate that these non-Gaussian and nonclassical characteristics have been enhanced by appropriately changing between photon subtraction l and photon addition k . Additionally, the non-Gaussianity and nonclassicality of PSASECS are enhanced compared to cases involving only the addition or subtraction of photons. This demonstrates the importance of subtracting and then adding photons to the squeezing-enhanced coherent state, and introducing a significant state for application in quantum optics, particularly in mitigating phase noise fluctuations in quantum devices.