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arXiv:2207.02080 · Physical Review A

Adiabatic quantum Zeno dynamics of bosonic atom pairs with large inelastic losses

Manel Bosch Aguilera, Alexis Ghermaoui, Rémy Vatré, Raphaël Bouganne, J. Beugnon, Fabrice Gerbier

Published Nov 4, 2022• 1 citation
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Abstract

The authors study experimentally the non-Hermitian dynamics and dissipative properties of pairs of two-level atoms tightly confined in an optical lattice and driven by a near-resonant laser towards a lossy state. They demonstrate the control of the quantum state of the pairs in the strong dissipation regime by adiabatically preparing them in a loss-protected state, where the dynamics is governed by the quantum Zeno effect.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.106.053304

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The authors study experimentally the non-Hermitian dynamics and dissipative properties of pairs of two-level atoms tightly confined in an optical lattice and driven by a near-resonant laser towards a lossy state. They demonstrate the control of the quantum state of the pairs in the strong dissipation regime by adiabatically preparing them in a loss-protected state, where the dynamics is governed by the quantum Zeno effect.
We report on experiments exploring the non-Hermitian dynamics of pairs of two-level atoms tightly confined in an optical lattice and driven by a near-resonant laser. Although spontaneous emission is negligible for the long-lived excited state, two-body dissipation arises from strong inelastic collisions between two atoms in the excited state. We demonstrate quasi-adiabatic control of the internal state of the pairs in the quantum Zeno regime where inelastic losses dominate. Preparing each atom pair in the longest-lived eigenstate of the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian describing the dissipative dynamics, we measure a lifetime enhanced by more than two orders of magnitude in comparison to the bare two-body lifetime. The measured enhancement factor is in quantitative agreement with the expected lifetime of the prepared “non-Hermitian dressed state.”
We observe the dissipative dynamics of a dense, strongly interacting gas of bosonic atom pairs in an optical lattice, controlling the strength of the two-body interactions over a wide parameter regime. We study how three-body losses contribute to the lattice dynamics, addressing a number of open questions related to the effects of strong dissipation in a many-body system, including the relationship to the continuous quantum Zeno effect. We observe rapid break-up of bound pairs for weak interactions, and for stronger interactions we see doublon decay rates that are asymmetric when changing from attractive and repulsive interactions and which strongly depend on the interactions and on-site loss rates. By comparing our experimental data with a theoretical analysis of few-body dynamics, we show that these features originate from a nontrivial combination of dissipative dynamics described by a lattice model beyond a standard Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian, and the modification of three-atom dynamics on a single site, which is generated alongside strong three-body loss. Our results open new possibilities for investigating bosonic atoms with strong three-body loss features and allow for the better understanding of the parameter regimes that are required to realize strong effective three-body interactions.
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We consider strong two-body losses in bosonic gases trapped in one-dimensional optical lattices. We exploit the separation of timescales typical of a system in the many-body quantum Zeno regime to establish a connection with the theory of the time-dependent generalized Gibbs ensemble. Our main result is a simple set of rate equations that capture the simultaneous action of coherent evolution and two-body losses. This treatment gives an accurate description of the dynamics of a gas prepared in a Mott insulating state and shows that its long-time behavior deviates significantly from mean-field analyses. The possibility of observing our predictions in an experiment with 174Yb^{174}\mathrm{Yb}174Yb in a metastable state is also discussed.