Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:2205.13512 · Journal of Physics Condensed Matter

Precession-induced nonclassicality of the free induction decay of NV centers by a dynamical polarized nuclear spin bath

Mu-Che Lin, Ping‐Yuan Lo, Franco Nori, Hongbin Chen

Published Oct 19, 2022• 4 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Abstract The ongoing exploration of the ambiguous boundary between the quantum and the classical worlds has spurred substantial developments in quantum science and technology. Recently, the nonclassicality of dynamical processes has been proposed from a quantum-information-theoretic perspective, in terms of witnessing nonclassical correlations with Hamiltonian ensemble simulations. To acquire insights into the quantum-dynamical mechanism of the process nonclassicality, here we propose to investigate the nonclassicality of the electron spin free-induction-decay process associated with an NV− center. By controlling the nuclear spin precession dynamics via an external magnetic field and nuclear spin polarization, it is possible to manipulate the dynamical behavior of the electron spin, showing a transition between classicality and nonclassicality. We propose an explanation of the classicality–nonclassicality transition in terms of the nuclear spin precession axis orientation and dynamics. We have also performed a series of numerical simulations supporting our findings. Consequently, we can attribute the nonclassical trait of the electron spin dynamics to the behavior of nuclear spin precession dynamics.

DOI
10.1088/1361-648x/ac9bbe

Related papers

Efficient indirect control of nuclear spins in diamond NV centers

Jingfu Zhang, Swathi S. Hegde, Dieter Suter

Hybrid quantum registers consisting of different types of qubits offer a range of advantages as well as challenges. The main challenge is that some types of qubits react only slowly to external control fields, thus considerably slowing down the information processing operations. Here, we propose and demonstrate an indirect control scheme that allows us to control the nuclear spins of an NV center indirectly, by control operations applied to the electron spin, combined with free precession under the anisotropic hyperfine interaction. The scheme provides universal control and we present two typical applications : polarizing the nuclear spin and measuring nuclear spin free induction decay signal, both without applying radio-frequency pulses. This scheme is versatile as it can be implemented over a wide range of magnetic field strengths and at any temperature.

•Oct 18, 2018•1 citation

Adaptively partitioned analog quantum simulation on near-term quantum computers: The nonclassical free-induction decay of NV centers in diamond

Yun-Hua Kuo, Hongbin Chen

The idea of simulating quantum physics with controllable quantum devices had been proposed several decades ago. With the extensive development of quantum technology, large-scale simulation, such as the analog quantum simulation tailoring an artificial Hamiltonian mimicking the system of interest, has been implemented on elaborate quantum experimental platforms. However, due to the limitations caused by the significant noises and the connectivity, analog simulation is generically infeasible on near-term quantum computing platforms. Here we propose an alternative analog simulation approach on near-term quantum devices. Our approach circumvents the limitations by adaptively partitioning the bath into several groups based on the performance of the quantum devices. We apply our approach to simulate the free induction decay of the electron spin in a diamond $\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{V}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ center coupled to a huge number of nuclei and investigate the nonclassicality induced by the nuclear spin polarization. The simulation is implemented collaboratively with authentic devices and simulators on IBM quantum computers. We have also applied our approach to address the nonclassical noise caused by the crosstalk between qubits. This work sheds light on a flexible approach to simulate large-scale materials on noisy near-term quantum computers.

arXiv:2303.01970•Physical Review Research•Nov 9, 2023•3 citations

Decoherence and dynamical decoupling control of nitrogen vacancy center electron spins in nuclear spin baths

Nan Zhao, Sai-Wah Ho, Ren‐Bao Liu

We theoretically study the decoherence and the dynamical decoupling control of nitrogen vacancy center electron spins in high-purity diamond, where the hyperfine interaction with ${}^{13}$C nuclear spins is the dominating decoherence mechanism. The decoherence is formulated as the entanglement between the electron spin and the nuclear spins, which is induced by nuclear spin bath evolution conditioned on the electron spin state. The nuclear spin bath evolution is driven by elementary processes such as single spin precession and pairwise flip flops. The importance of different elementary processes in the decoherence depends on the strength of the external magnetic field.

arXiv:1108.2343•Physical Review B•Mar 8, 2012•225 citations

Spin bath mediated long-lived coherent oscillations of NV centers in diamond

Akshat Rana, Pooja Lamba, Basanta Mistri +3 more

Decoherence is the biggest bottleneck in all quantum technologies. For nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond, the loss of coherence is caused by the electron and nuclear spin bath of the diamond lattice. Here, we demonstrate that the spin bath - that typically causes decoherence - entangles the spin states of the NV electron and the host $^{14}$N nucleus. The many-body interaction between the $^{14}$N nucleus - electron - bath spins at an energy level anti-crossing occurring for an applied magnetic field orientation perpendicular to the NV axis is responsible for this effect. This is observed experimentally in NV ensembles via electron spin-echo measurements, where the echo envelope is modulated at the frequency of a $^{14}$N nuclear spin transition. Using numerical simulations, we show that the spin bath coupling to the NV centers is essential for observing this modulation. Due to the zero first-order Zeeman effect at the anti-crossing, the observed oscillations have long spin-echo coherence times, 2--3 times those at the parallel magnetic field orientation. The oscillation frequency is highly stable and robust against environmental fluctuations. These findings provide new opportunities for fundamental studies of many-body physics and quantum sensing.

quant-pharXiv:2606.30146•Jun 30, 2026•0 citations

Theory of nuclear spin dephasing and relaxation by optically illuminated nitrogen vacancy center

Ping Wang, Wen Yang

Dephasing and relaxation of the nuclear spins coupled to the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center during optical initialization and readout is an important issue for various applications of this hybrid quantum register. Here we present both an analytical description and a numerical simulation for this process, which agree reasonably with the experimental measurements. For an NV center under cyclic optical transition, our analytical formulas not only provide a clear physical picture, but also allow control of the nuclear spin dissipation by tuning an external magnetic field. For more general optical pumping, our analytical formulas reveal a significant contribution to the nuclear spin dissipation due to electron random hopping into/out of the m = 0 (or ) subspace. This contribution is not suppressed, even under saturated optical pumping and/or vanishing magnetic field, thus providing a possible solution to the puzzling observation of nuclear spin dephasing in zero perpendicular magnetic field Dutt et al (2007 Science 316 1312). It also implies that enhancing the degree of optical spin polarization of the nitrogen-vacancy center can reduce the effect of optically induced nuclear spin dissipation.

Bulletin of the American Physical Society•Mar 17, 2016•0 citations

Theory of nuclear spin dephasing and relaxation by optically illuminated nitrogen-vacancy center

Ping Wang, Wen Yang

Dephasing and relaxation of the nuclear spins coupled to the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center during optical initialization and readout is an important issue for various applications of this hybrid quantum register. Here we present both an analytical description and a numerical simulation for this process, which agree reasonably with the experimental measurements. For an NV center under cyclic optical transition, our analytical formulas not only provide a clear physical picture, but also allow control of the nuclear spin dissipation by tuning an external magnetic field. For more general optical pumping, our analytical formulas reveal a significant contribution to the nuclear spin dissipation due to electron random hopping into/out of the m = 0 (or ) subspace. This contribution is not suppressed, even under saturated optical pumping and/or vanishing magnetic field, thus providing a possible solution to the puzzling observation of nuclear spin dephasing in zero perpendicular magnetic field Dutt et al (2007 Science 316 1312 ). It also implies that enhancing the degree of optical spin polarization of the nitrogen-vacancy center can reduce the effect of optically induced nuclear spin dissipation.

arXiv:1507.06385•New Journal of Physics•Nov 17, 2015•13 citations
Abstract The ongoing exploration of the ambiguous boundary between the quantum and the classical worlds has spurred substantial developments in quantum science and technology. Recently, the nonclassicality of dynamical processes has been proposed from a quantum-information-theoretic perspective, in terms of witnessing nonclassical correlations with Hamiltonian ensemble simulations. To acquire insights into the quantum-dynamical mechanism of the process nonclassicality, here we propose to investigate the nonclassicality of the electron spin free-induction-decay process associated with an NV− center. By controlling the nuclear spin precession dynamics via an external magnetic field and nuclear spin polarization, it is possible to manipulate the dynamical behavior of the electron spin, showing a transition between classicality and nonclassicality. We propose an explanation of the classicality–nonclassicality transition in terms of the nuclear spin precession axis orientation and dynamics. We have also performed a series of numerical simulations supporting our findings. Consequently, we can attribute the nonclassical trait of the electron spin dynamics to the behavior of nuclear spin precession dynamics.
Hybrid quantum registers consisting of different types of qubits offer a range of advantages as well as challenges. The main challenge is that some types of qubits react only slowly to external control fields, thus considerably slowing down the information processing operations. Here, we propose and demonstrate an indirect control scheme that allows us to control the nuclear spins of an NV center indirectly, by control operations applied to the electron spin, combined with free precession under the anisotropic hyperfine interaction. The scheme provides universal control and we present two typical applications : polarizing the nuclear spin and measuring nuclear spin free induction decay signal, both without applying radio-frequency pulses. This scheme is versatile as it can be implemented over a wide range of magnetic field strengths and at any temperature.
The idea of simulating quantum physics with controllable quantum devices had been proposed several decades ago. With the extensive development of quantum technology, large-scale simulation, such as the analog quantum simulation tailoring an artificial Hamiltonian mimicking the system of interest, has been implemented on elaborate quantum experimental platforms. However, due to the limitations caused by the significant noises and the connectivity, analog simulation is generically infeasible on near-term quantum computing platforms. Here we propose an alternative analog simulation approach on near-term quantum devices. Our approach circumvents the limitations by adaptively partitioning the bath into several groups based on the performance of the quantum devices. We apply our approach to simulate the free induction decay of the electron spin in a diamond $\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{V}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ center coupled to a huge number of nuclei and investigate the nonclassicality induced by the nuclear spin polarization. The simulation is implemented collaboratively with authentic devices and simulators on IBM quantum computers. We have also applied our approach to address the nonclassical noise caused by the crosstalk between qubits. This work sheds light on a flexible approach to simulate large-scale materials on noisy near-term quantum computers.
We theoretically study the decoherence and the dynamical decoupling control of nitrogen vacancy center electron spins in high-purity diamond, where the hyperfine interaction with 13{}^{13}13C nuclear spins is the dominating decoherence mechanism. The decoherence is formulated as the entanglement between the electron spin and the nuclear spins, which is induced by nuclear spin bath evolution conditioned on the electron spin state. The nuclear spin bath evolution is driven by elementary processes such as single spin precession and pairwise flip flops. The importance of different elementary processes in the decoherence depends on the strength of the external magnetic field.
Decoherence is the biggest bottleneck in all quantum technologies. For nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond, the loss of coherence is caused by the electron and nuclear spin bath of the diamond lattice. Here, we demonstrate that the spin bath - that typically causes decoherence - entangles the spin states of the NV electron and the host 14^{14}14N nucleus. The many-body interaction between the 14^{14}14N nucleus - electron - bath spins at an energy level anti-crossing occurring for an applied magnetic field orientation perpendicular to the NV axis is responsible for this effect. This is observed experimentally in NV ensembles via electron spin-echo measurements, where the echo envelope is modulated at the frequency of a 14^{14}14N nuclear spin transition. Using numerical simulations, we show that the spin bath coupling to the NV centers is essential for observing this modulation. Due to the zero first-order Zeeman effect at the anti-crossing, the observed oscillations have long spin-echo coherence times, 2--3 times those at the parallel magnetic field orientation. The oscillation frequency is highly stable and robust against environmental fluctuations. These findings provide new opportunities for fundamental studies of many-body physics and quantum sensing.
Dephasing and relaxation of the nuclear spins coupled to the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center during optical initialization and readout is an important issue for various applications of this hybrid quantum register. Here we present both an analytical description and a numerical simulation for this process, which agree reasonably with the experimental measurements. For an NV center under cyclic optical transition, our analytical formulas not only provide a clear physical picture, but also allow control of the nuclear spin dissipation by tuning an external magnetic field. For more general optical pumping, our analytical formulas reveal a significant contribution to the nuclear spin dissipation due to electron random hopping into/out of the m = 0 (or ) subspace. This contribution is not suppressed, even under saturated optical pumping and/or vanishing magnetic field, thus providing a possible solution to the puzzling observation of nuclear spin dephasing in zero perpendicular magnetic field Dutt et al (2007 Science 316 1312). It also implies that enhancing the degree of optical spin polarization of the nitrogen-vacancy center can reduce the effect of optically induced nuclear spin dissipation.
Dephasing and relaxation of the nuclear spins coupled to the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center during optical initialization and readout is an important issue for various applications of this hybrid quantum register. Here we present both an analytical description and a numerical simulation for this process, which agree reasonably with the experimental measurements. For an NV center under cyclic optical transition, our analytical formulas not only provide a clear physical picture, but also allow control of the nuclear spin dissipation by tuning an external magnetic field. For more general optical pumping, our analytical formulas reveal a significant contribution to the nuclear spin dissipation due to electron random hopping into/out of the m = 0 (or ) subspace. This contribution is not suppressed, even under saturated optical pumping and/or vanishing magnetic field, thus providing a possible solution to the puzzling observation of nuclear spin dephasing in zero perpendicular magnetic field Dutt et al (2007 Science 316 1312 ). It also implies that enhancing the degree of optical spin polarization of the nitrogen-vacancy center can reduce the effect of optically induced nuclear spin dissipation.