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arXiv:2205.04144 · Physical Review A

Superradiant transfer of quantized orbital angular momentum between light and atoms in a ring trap

N. Piovella, Gordon R. M. Robb, Romain Bachelard

Published Jul 28, 2022• 3 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The authors present a non-trivial quantum regime based on superradiant transfer of discrete orbital angular momentum between light and ultracold atoms trapped in a ring. Tuning the ring and pump light parameters, specific angular momentum states can be efficiently populated and light with orbital angular momentum different from that of the pump can be generated.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.106.l011304

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The authors present a non-trivial quantum regime based on superradiant transfer of discrete orbital angular momentum between light and ultracold atoms trapped in a ring. Tuning the ring and pump light parameters, specific angular momentum states can be efficiently populated and light with orbital angular momentum different from that of the pump can be generated.
An analysis of superradiant scattering of light by ultracold atoms is presented in which the pump and scattered light consist of hollow counterrotating Laguerre-Gaussian beams possessing orbital angular momentum. It is shown that the interaction between the Laguerre-Gaussian beams and the atoms can give rise to a superradiant instability in which orbital angular momentum is transferred to the atoms and the probe field is amplified. In the case where the atoms constitute a dilute Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) that is trapped in a one-dimensional ring geometry, the transfer of orbital angular momentum to the BEC during the instability means that the BEC spontaneously develops rotation in the ring.
We demonstrate the coherent, quantized transfer of the orbital angular momentum of light to a Bose-Einstein condensate of sodium atoms by means of a stimulated, two-photon transition between the static, non-rotating BEC and a rotating state moving with the linear momentum of two photons. By reversing the transfer of linear momentum, without any angular momentum, we create either vortex states (in a simply connected trap) or persistent atom currents (in a toroidal trap). The persistent current in the toroidal trap lasts about 20 times longer than a vortex under similar conditions in the simply connected trap.
We generated orbital angular momentum in atoms with a spin degree of freedom and coherently transferred it to a light field, which resulted in the generation of a Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beam. In this method, atoms obtain orbital angular momentum through Larmor precession around the quadrupole field. Successive operations of quadrupole and homogeneous magnetic fields lead to a change of sign in the LG beam or even generation of superposition states of the LG beam with different indexes in real time. Possible applications to control orbital angular momentum of arbitrary photons are also discussed.
We demonstrate the coherent transfer of the orbital angular momentum of a photon to an atom in quantized units of variant Planck's over 2pi, using a 2-photon stimulated Raman process with Laguerre-Gaussian beams to generate an atomic vortex state in a Bose-Einstein condensate of sodium atoms. We show that the process is coherent by creating superpositions of different vortex states, where the relative phase between the states is determined by the relative phases of the optical fields. Furthermore, we create vortices of charge 2 by transferring to each atom the orbital angular momentum of two photons.