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arXiv:2204.12314 · Physical review. D/Physical review. D.

Gravitational effects on quantum coherence in neutrino oscillation

M. M. Ettefaghi, R. Ramazani Arani, Z. S. Tabatabaei Lotfi

Published May 17, 2022• 8 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the quantum coherence for two flavor neutrinos propagating in a Schwarzschild metric. In fact, this issue is explored both qualitatively via calculating the parameter ${K}_{3}$ in Leggett-Garg inequality and also quantitatively by evaluating the ${l}_{1}$-norm, $\mathcal{C}(\ensuremath{\rho})$. Using the weak field approximations, we show that the gravitational effects decrease the maximum value of ${K}_{3}$ for some intervals of energy in such a way that there is no violation, while it leaves the maximum amount of the quantum coherence, $\mathcal{C}(\ensuremath{\rho})$, unchanged.

DOI
10.1103/physrevd.105.095024

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In this paper, we investigate the quantum coherence for two flavor neutrinos propagating in a Schwarzschild metric. In fact, this issue is explored both qualitatively via calculating the parameter K3{K}_{3}K3​ in Leggett-Garg inequality and also quantitatively by evaluating the l1{l}_{1}l1​-norm, C(\ensuremathρ)\mathcal{C}(\ensuremath{\rho})C(\ensuremathρ). Using the weak field approximations, we show that the gravitational effects decrease the maximum value of K3{K}_{3}K3​ for some intervals of energy in such a way that there is no violation, while it leaves the maximum amount of the quantum coherence, C(\ensuremathρ)\mathcal{C}(\ensuremath{\rho})C(\ensuremathρ), unchanged.
Abstract In this paper, we explore the quantum properties of three-flavor neutrino propagating in a Schwarzschild metric. It is found that the different strength of gravitational effects are obtained by adjusting the magnitude of GM\mathrm GMGM G M arising in the oscillation phase. Using the weak field approximations, we show that the gravitational effects can make the entanglement oscillates over a large rage when GM=5.1×108 Km\textrm{GM}=5.1\times 10^8 \, \textrm{Km}GM=5.1×108Km GM = 5.1 × 10 8 Km and GM=7×107 Km\textrm{GM}=7\times 10^7 \, \textrm{Km}GM=7×107Km GM = 7 × 10 7 Km , respectively, Moreover, for GM=4.8×108 Km\textrm{GM}=4.8\times 10^8 \, \textrm{Km}GM=4.8×108Km GM = 4.8 × 10 8 Km and GM=9.3×107 Km\textrm{GM}=9.3\times 10^7 \, \textrm{Km}GM=9.3×107Km GM = 9.3 × 10 7 Km , the suppression of the entanglement can be observed due to the gravitational effects. Meanwhile, in this case, the gravitational effects also make the distribution of entanglement tighter through investing the entanglement complete monogamy relation. Furthermore, we examine the gravitational effects on the violation of the Svetlichny inequality to study the nonlocality of the system. It is shown that when GM=6×108 Km\textrm{GM}=6\times 10^8 \, \textrm{Km}GM=6×108Km GM = 6 × 10 8 Km and GM=7×107 Km\textrm{GM}=7\times 10^7 \, \textrm{Km}GM=7×107Km GM = 7 × 10 7 Km , the gravitational effects make the Svetlichny parameters always greater than 4, implying that the genuine tripartite nonlocality of the system is always present. However, the gravitational effects also restrain the violation of the Svetlichny to make the regions of the absence of nonlocality increase. The gravitational effects on the monogamy property of nonlocality lies in the change of the effective bound of the maximum bipartite nonlocality of the neutrinos system. Therefore, our investigations may be helpful to understanding of quantumness of the neutrinos system in curved space-time.
Neutrino oscillation represents an intriguing physical phenomenon where the quantumness can be maintained and detected over a long distance. Previously, the nonclassical character of neutrino oscillation was tested with the Leggett-Garg inequality, where a clear violation of the classical bound was observed [J. A. Formaggio et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 050402 (2016)]. However, there are several limitations in testing neutrino oscillations with the Leggett-Garg inequality. In particular, the degree of violation of the Leggett-Garg inequality cannot be taken as a ``measure of quantumness.'' Here, we focus on quantifying the quantumness of experimentally observed neutrino oscillation, using the tools of the recently developed quantum resource theory. We analyzed ensembles of reactor and accelerator neutrinos at distinct energies from a variety of neutrino sources, including Daya Bay (0.5 and 1.6 km), KamLAND (180 km), MINOS (735 km), and T2K (295 km). The quantumness of the three-flavored neutrino oscillation is characterized within a $3\ensuremath{\sigma}$ range relative to the theoretical prediction. It is found that the maximal coherence was observed in the neutrino source from the KamLAND reactor. However, even though the survival probability of the Daya Bay experiment did not vary significantly (it dropped about 10%), the coherence recorded can reach up to 40% of the maximal value. These results represent the longest distance over which quantumness was experimentally determined for quantum particles other than photons.
Abstract Neutrino oscillations occur due to non-zero masses and mixings and most importantly they are believed to maintain quantum coherence even over astrophysical length scales. In the present study, we explore the quantumness of three flavour neutrino oscillations by studying the extent of violation of Leggett–Garg inequalities (LGI) if non-standard interactions (NSI) are taken into account. We report an enhancement in violation of LGI with respect to the standard scenario for appropriate choice of NSI parameters.
Neutrinos, due to their weakly interacting nature, provide us with a unique opportunity to test foundations of quantum mechanics over macroscopic distances. There has been considerable theoretical and experimental interest in examining the extent of violation of Leggett-Garg inequalities (LGI) in the context of neutrino flavour oscillations. While it is established that neutrino oscillations occur due to mass and mixing among the three generations of neutrinos, sub-dominant effects due to physics beyond the Standard Model (SM) are not yet ruled out. As we are entering the precision era in neutrino physics, it is possible that some of these effects may leave an imprint on data. Thus, it is worthwhile to investigate different physics scenarios beyond the SM and study their impact on oscillation probabilities. In the present work, we invoke damping effects (including decoherence and decay) on oscillation probabilities and study their implications on the LGI.
The present work is devoted to the characterization of the Leggett-Garg inequality (LGI) for three flavored neutrino oscillations in the presence of both matter and charge-conjugation and parity violating effects. This study complements and completes the recent one put forward in arXiv:1710.05562 by relaxing the stationary condition. At variance with the latter case, the LGI contains interference terms which cannot be expressed in terms of experimentally measurable quantities, thus drawing a clear-cut distinction between the two scenarios, as well as highlighting the role of the stationary assumption on such systems. We find that the additional terms are small for a high energy neutrino beam compared to the maximum value attained by the Leggett-Garg parameter.
Three-flavoured neutrino oscillations are investigated in the light of the Leggett–Garg inequality (LGI). The results obtained are: (a) The maximum violation of the LGI is 2.17036 for neutrino path length L1=140.15L_{1}=140.15 L1​=140.15 km and ΔL=1255.7\Delta L=1255.7 ΔL=1255.7 km. (b) The presence of the mixing angle θ13\theta _{13}θ13​ enhances the maximum violation of LGI by 4.6%4.6\%4.6% . (c) The currently known mass hierarchy parameter α=0.0305\alpha = 0.0305α=0.0305 increases the maximum violation of LGI by 3.7%3.7\%3.7% . (d) The presence of a CP-violating phase parameter enhances the maximum violation of LGI by 0.24%0.24\%0.24% , thus providing an alternative indicator of CP violation in three-flavoured neutrino oscillations. The outline of an experimental proposal is suggested whereby the findings of this investigation may be verified.