Quantum information science and engineering (QISE)-which entails the use of quantum mechanical states for information processing, communications, and sensing-and the area of nanoscience and nanotechnology have dominated condensed matter physics and materials science research in the 21st century. Solid-state devices for QISE have, to this point, predominantly been designed with bulk materials as their constituents. This review considers how nanomaterials (i.e., materials with intrinsic quantum confinement) may offer inherent advantages over conventional materials for QISE. The materials challenges for specific types of qubits, along with how emerging nanomaterials may overcome these challenges, are identified. Challenges for and progress toward nanomaterials-based quantum devices are condidered. The overall aim of the review is to help close the gap between the nanotechnology and quantum information communities and inspire research that will lead to next-generation quantum devices for scalable and practical quantum applications.
Quantum information science and engineering (QISE)-which entails the use of quantum mechanical states for information processing, communications, and sensing-and the area of nanoscience and nanotechnology have dominated condensed matter physics and materials science research in the 21st century. Solid-state devices for QISE have, to this point, predominantly been designed with bulk materials as their constituents. This review considers how nanomaterials (i.e., materials with intrinsic quantum confinement) may offer inherent advantages over conventional materials for QISE. The materials challenges for specific types of qubits, along with how emerging nanomaterials may overcome these challenges, are identified. Challenges for and progress toward nanomaterials-based quantum devices are condidered. The overall aim of the review is to help close the gap between the nanotechnology and quantum information communities and inspire research that will lead to next-generation quantum devices for scalable and practical quantum applications.
Quantum mechanics has emerged as one of the most transformative scientific revolutions of the 20th and 21st centuries, extending far beyond its initial theoretical foundations into practical applications across engineering, materials science, information technology, and nanotechnology. Its principles, such as wave�particle duality, superposition, and entanglement, form the backbone of modern innovations like quantum computing, quantum cryptography, semiconductor devices, and energy-efficient nanomaterials. This paper investigates the role of quantum mechanics in advancing technological frontiers, with an emphasis on engineering domains such as electronics, computing, and material design. A detailed discussion on quantum principles, their mathematical representation, and their translation into applied engineering technologies is presented. By linking theoretical constructs to real-world devices and emerging applications, this work highlights the significance of quantum mechanics as not only a fundamental science but also as a driver of future innovation.
This exhaustive quality-research paper covers the field of emerging materials and their intrinsic properties and including how they can be used in the future in quantum technologies. The arrival of quantum mechanics is one of the most important scientific discoveries of the 20th century, with the promise of new computer generations, enhanced information transfer and precision measurement. However, the development of future quantum technology is highly dependent on the discovery of new materials that enable us to control quantum phenomena. This article carefully considers a range of advanced materials that have emerged recently, such as novel superconductors, topological insulators and graphene derivatives, to explore the unique quantum properties of these materials and how they can be exploited in quantum devices. By using advanced experimental techniques, including angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), advanced instruments that allow us to probe electronic structures, spin textures and topological properties with atomic electron and spin resolution, the areas with most interesting quantum properties can be discovered, key for the development of quantum technologies. This paper details understanding of quantum coherence and decoherence mechanisms of the advanced materials. Quantum coherence is one of the most important properties for using the quantum features of materials for information processing. Through quantum states and entanglement, the quantum coherence can be manipulated and enhanced, which is also intertwined with the environment. Better understanding of quantum coherence and the mechanisms of decoherence can help to improve future generations of quantum technologies. The results reported here help to explain the mechanisms leading to design and performance of new materials for the quantum technology revolution. Studying advanced materials not only advance the understanding of quantum nature but will also power future quantum computing, quantum communication and quantum sensing devices. Current research can take advantage of all aspects of these new materials and advance the boundaries of science, engineering, computing, information exchange and sensing.
Quantum computing is set to transform the field of materials science, offering computational methods that could far surpass conventional approaches for tackling intricate material design challenges. This review introduces the foundational principles of rapidly growing quantum computing and its application trends in the design and analysis of nanomaterials. We explain how quantum speedup, achieved through quantum algorithms utilizing qubit superposition and entanglement, is applied to material design. Additionally, the principles and research trends of quantum variational methods, including the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE), which has recently gained attention as a quantum algorithm simulation technique, will be discussed. By combining new techniques based on quantum algorithms with the quantum speed-up, the quantum computing is expected to offer new insights into data-intensive materials research and provide innovative methodologies for the development of new functional materials. With the advancement of quantum algorithms, the field of materials science could enter a new era, enabling more precise and efficient approaches in materials design and functional analysis.
Single photons and individual quantum systems are at the heart of recent developments in quantum technologies and are about to enable a variety of novel applications in sensing, communication, and computing. Photonic devices are the key to control interactions between quantum systems and light as well as to simultaneously engineer the properties of photons. For scalable quantum technologies, the employed quantum systems are solid-state based, thus placing the field of quantum photonics at the intersection of physics, nanotechnology, and material sciences. This special issue features 14 contributions and addresses recent advances in several material platforms.
Quantum information science is entering a second phase, the Quantum Evolution 2.0, in which the challenge has shifted from demonstrating coherent control of individual quantum states to building scalable multi-qubit processors and networks. This transition places materials science at the center of the field. Across superconducting circuits, quantum defects, quantum photonic devices, and emerging materials platforms, including two-dimensional materials and heterostructures, performance is now limited less by device design than by poorly controlled surfaces, buried interfaces, and defects whose atomic identities remain incompletely known. This review surveys the materials challenges of these quantum platforms together with the characterization methods needed to resolve them. For each platform we identify the dominant decoherence mechanisms, the current state of materials understanding, and the most pressing open materials problems. A cross-platform comparison then reveals a shared structure-coherence problem. The implicated material chemistry recurs across platforms, involving light elements in disordered or buried environments, yet no platform can quantitatively connect a specific atomic-scale structure to a measured change in coherence. We close by identifying three needs, mechanistic understanding of decoherence at the atomistic level, high-throughput proxy metrics predictive of device performance, and characterization tools built for quantum materials, whose resolution would advance coherence, scalability, and integration across all platforms.
Quantum engineering represents a burgeoning field at the intersection of quantum mechanics, engineering, and technology, aimed at harnessing the unique properties of quantum systems for practical applications. This paper provides an overview of recent advances in quantum engineering and explores the diverse array of applications enabled by quantum phenomena. From quantum computing and quantum communication to quantum sensing and metrology, quantum engineering promises to revolutionize various domains by offering unprecedented capabilities for processing and manipulating information, sensing and detecting signals, and simulating complex systems. By leveraging the principles of superposition, entanglement, and coherence, researchers are developing novel quantum devices and technologies with the potential to transform industries ranging from healthcare and telecommunications to finance and materials science. developments in quantum engineering, highlights emerging trends and challenges, and outlines future directions for research and innovation in this exciting and rapidly evolving field.