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arXiv:2201.10893 · Optics Express

Enhancing the force sensitivity of a squeezed light optomechanical interferometer

Sreeshna Subhash, Sanket Das, Tarak Nath Dey, Yong Li, Sankar Davuluri

Published Dec 5, 2022• 7 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Application of frequency-dependent squeezed vacuum improves the force sensitivity of an optomechanical interferometer beyond the standard quantum limit by a factor of e − r , where r is the squeezing parameter. In this work, we show that the application of squeezed light along with quantum back-action nullifying meter in an optomechanical cavity with mechanical mirror in middle configuration can enhance the sensitivity beyond the standard quantum limit by a factor of e − r eff , where r eff = r + ln(4Δ/ ζ )/2, for 0 < ζ /Δ < 1, with ζ as the optomechanical cavity decay rate and Δ as the detuning between cavity eigenfrequency and driving field. The technique described in this work is restricted to frequencies much smaller than the resonance frequency of the mechanical mirror. We further studied the sensitivity as a function of temperature, mechanical mirror reflectivity, and input laser power.

DOI
10.1364/oe.476672

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We analyze the performance of a force detector based on balanced measurements with a Mach-Zehnder interferometer incorporating a standard optomechanical cavity. The system is driven by a coherent superposition of coherent light and squeezed vacuum field, providing quantum correlation along with optical coherence in order to enhance the measurement sensitivity beyond the standard quantum limit. We analytically find the optimal measurement strength, squeezing direction, and squeezing strength at which the symmetrized power spectral density for the measurement noise is minimized below the standard quantum limit. This force detection scheme based on a balanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer provides better sensitivity compared to that based on balanced homodyne detection with a local oscillator in the low frequency regime.
Cavity optomechanical systems have emerged as a promising platform for quantum sensing. Quantum mechanics imposes a standard quantum limit (SQL) on the force-sensitivity for the standard homodyne phase quadrature measurement of the cavity's output field. In this paper, we investigate ways to enhance weak force sensitivity beyond SQL by employing a variational homodyne quadrature readout and quantum squeezing. Our study reveals a remarkable improvement in the force sensitivity of a cavity optomechanical sensor at a suitable homodyne angle, compared with standard phase quadrature detection of the cavity output field within a specific frequency band. We further demonstrate improved force sensitivity via intra-cavity squeezing (ICS) or injected external squeezing (IES) of the cavity mode. Both variational homodyne readout and quantum squeezing induce quantum correlations between the amplitude and phase quadratures of the cavity's output field, thereby improving force sensitivity. Our results suggest that IES is preferable to ICS for sub-SQL force sensing with system stability and lower probe power requirements. The squeezing-enhanced variational homodyne detection scheme can enable high-precision quantum sensing across various hybrid quantum platforms.
We investigate the enhancement in sensitivity when measuring a weak force through the optical response of an optomechanical oscillator driven by squeezed light. In the context of a quantum sensor based on cavity-optomechanics, the sensitivity scaling measured by the quantum Fisher information for a squeezed vacuum state pump is compared to that for a coherent state pump. We show that squeezed state inputs can produce noise levels below the standard quantum limit and even the Heisenberg limit in given regimes. This study shows that new pathways can be opened for enhanced quantum sensing with optomechanical systems conducive to measuring various physical quantities such as gravitational force, acceleration, and acoustics.
We theoretically investigate quantum measurement noise in a hybrid optomechanical system, focusing on radiation-pressure back-action and its impact on force sensing. The setup consists of an optomechanical cavity with a movable mirror, a fixed semitransparent mirror, an ensemble of quantum dots (QDs) coupled to the cavity mode, and an intracavity optical parametric amplifier (OPA). We show how the QD-induced response, together with the system nonlinearity, modifies the noise spectral density and thereby improves the force measurement sensitivity. In this setup, coherent quantum noise cancellation (CQNC) can completely remove the back-action noise. In addition, increasing the OPA pump gain enables sensitivity beyond the standard quantum limit (SQL) at reduced laser power. These combined effects allow weak-force sensing beyond the SQL.
We theoretically investigate quantum measurement noise in a hybrid optomechanical system, focusing on radiation pressure back action and its impact on force sensing. The setup consists of an optomechanical cavity with a movable mirror, a fixed semi transparent mirror, an ensemble of quantum dots (QD) coupled to the cavity mode, and an intracavity optical parametric amplifier (OPA). We show how the QD induced response, together with the system nonlinearity, modifies the noise spectral density and thereby improves the force measurement sensitivity. In this setup, coherent quantum noise cancellation (CQNC) can completely remove the back action noise. In addition, increasing the OPA pump gain enables sensitivity beyond the standard quantum limit (SQL) at reduced laser power. These combined effects allow weak force sensing beyond the SQL.