Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:2110.03488 · Physics Letters B

Electromagnetic quantum shifts in relativistic Bose-Einstein condensation

D. M. Reis, C. A. A. de Carvalho

Published Oct 9, 2021• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We compute deviations from ideal gas behavior of the pressure, density, and Bose-Einstein condensation temperature of a relativistic gas of charged scalar bosons caused by the current-current interaction induced by electromagnetic quantum fluctuations treated via scalar quantum electrodynamics. We obtain expressions for those quantities in the ultra-relativistic and nonrelativistic limits, and present numerical results for the relativistic case.

DOI
10.1016/j.physletb.2021.136715

Related papers

Relativistic Bose gases at finite density

Jens O. Andersen

We consider a massive relativistic Bose gas with $N$ complex scalars at finite density. At zero temperature, we calculate the pressure, charge density and the speed of sound in the one-loop approximation. In the nonrelativistic limit, we obtain the classic results for the dilute Bose gas. We also discuss finite-temperature effects. In particular, we consider the problem of calculating the critical temperature for Bose-Einstein condensation. Dimensional reduction and effective-field-theory methods are used to perturbatively calculate the effects of the nonstatic Matsubara modes. Calculations of $T_c$ in the effective 3d theory require nonperturbative methods. Using the Monte Carlo simulations of X. Sun [Phys. Rev. {\bf E67}, 066702 (2003)] and the seven-loop variational perturbation theory (VPT) calculations of B. Kastening [Phys. Rev. {\bf A70}, 043621 (2004)], we obtain $T_c$ for N=2 to second order in the interaction.

arXiv:hep-ph/0501094•Jan 12, 2005•3 citations

Particles and Anti-Particles in a Relativistic Bose Condensate

Luca Salasnich

We study the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) for a relativistic ideal gas of bosons. In the framework of canonical thermal field theory, we analyze the role of particles and anti-particles in the determination of BEC transition temperature. At the BEC transition point we obtain two universal curves, i.e. valid for any mass value: the scaled critical temperature as a function of the scaled charge density of the Bose system, and the density ratio of anti-particles versus the scaled critical temperature. Moreover, we numerically investigate charge densities and condensed fraction ranging from the non-relativistic to the ultra-relativistic temperature, where analytical results are obtained.

arXiv:math-ph/0207030•Jul 22, 2002•1 citation

Bose-Einstein condensation in a rigidly rotating relativistic boson gas

E. Siri, Néda Sadooghi A

We study the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of a free Bose gas under rigid rotation. The aim is to explore the impact of rotation on the thermodynamic quantities associated with BEC, including the Bose-Einstein (BE) transition temperature and condensate fraction. We begin by introducing the rotation in the Lagrangian density of free charged Klein-Gordon fields and determine the corresponding grand canonical partition function at finite temperature, chemical potential, and finite angular velocity. Assuming slow rotation, we derive analytical expressions for the pressure, energy, number, and angular momentum densities of a free Bose gas in nonrelativistic and ultrarelativistic limits in terms of the corresponding fugacities. We then focus on the phenomenon of BEC. We calculate the critical temperature of BEC transition and the condensate fraction in a slowly rotating Bose gas including only particles. Our findings indicate that the critical exponent associated with the BE transition in a rotating gas is lower compared to that in a nonrotating Bose gas. We also determine the fugacity in a rotating Bose gas in the aforementioned limits and examine how rotation affects its temperature dependence, both below and above the critical temperature. By analyzing the behavior of heat capacity at these temperatures, we demonstrate that in a nonrelativistic Bose gas, the rotation transforms the nature of the BE phase transition from a continuous to a discontinuous transition. In general, we find that a nonrelativistic Bose gas under rotation behaves similarly to a nonrotating Bose gas in ultrarelativistic limit.

arXiv:2411.12581•Physical review. D/Physical review. D.•Feb 6, 2025•6 citations

Bose–Einstein condensation of a relativisticq-deformed Bose gas

Guozhen Su, Shukuan Cai, Jincan Chen

The q -deformed Bose–Einstein distribution derived from the q -boson algebra is used to study the low-temperature behavior of an ideal q -deformed Bose gas with relativistic energy spectrum. The effects of q -deformation on the properties relative to Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) are discussed. It is shown that q -deformation leads to some novel characteristics different from those of an original Bose gas, which include the criteria on the occurrence of BEC, critical temperature and jump of heat capacity at the critical point. The results obtained here provide a unified description for the properties of q -deformed Bose systems from the nonrelativistic case to the ultrarelativistic limit, so that some important conclusions in the literature are included in this paper.

Journal of Physics A Mathematical and Theoretical•Jan 15, 2008•20 citations

Bose – Einstein condensation of magnetized charged scalar bosons revisited

Gretel Quintero Angulo, Aurora Pérez Martínez, Hugo Pérez Rojas

Abstract We study the effects of a uniform and constant magnetic field on the Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) of relativistic charged scalar bosons. The condensation of magnetized charged bosons is usually discussed in the weak or strong field regimes separately, and in each case, the properties predicted for the condensate are different. Here, we develop a low‐temperature analysis suitable for any field that allows us to observe how the gas behaves for intermediate values of the magnetic field. We find that BEC may occur at finite magnetic fields, despite the gas becoming effectively one‐dimensional due to Landau quantization of the momentum perpendicular to the magnetic axis.

Astronomische Nachrichten•Nov 18, 2022•1 citation

MAGNETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY OF THE RELATIVISTIC BOSON GAS

Laurean Homorodean

We present the temperature dependences of the magnetic susceptibilities for degenerate (below the Bose–Einstein-condensation temperature) and nondegenerate ideal gases of relativistic charged spinless bosons. The nonrelativistic limits of these laws are also discussed. A comparison with the relativistic electron gas is made.

Modern Physics Letters B•Oct 30, 2001•4 citations
We compute deviations from ideal gas behavior of the pressure, density, and Bose-Einstein condensation temperature of a relativistic gas of charged scalar bosons caused by the current-current interaction induced by electromagnetic quantum fluctuations treated via scalar quantum electrodynamics. We obtain expressions for those quantities in the ultra-relativistic and nonrelativistic limits, and present numerical results for the relativistic case.
We consider a massive relativistic Bose gas with NNN complex scalars at finite density. At zero temperature, we calculate the pressure, charge density and the speed of sound in the one-loop approximation. In the nonrelativistic limit, we obtain the classic results for the dilute Bose gas. We also discuss finite-temperature effects. In particular, we consider the problem of calculating the critical temperature for Bose-Einstein condensation. Dimensional reduction and effective-field-theory methods are used to perturbatively calculate the effects of the nonstatic Matsubara modes. Calculations of TcT_cTc​ in the effective 3d theory require nonperturbative methods. Using the Monte Carlo simulations of X. Sun [Phys. Rev. {\bf E67}, 066702 (2003)] and the seven-loop variational perturbation theory (VPT) calculations of B. Kastening [Phys. Rev. {\bf A70}, 043621 (2004)], we obtain TcT_cTc​ for N=2 to second order in the interaction.
We study the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) for a relativistic ideal gas of bosons. In the framework of canonical thermal field theory, we analyze the role of particles and anti-particles in the determination of BEC transition temperature. At the BEC transition point we obtain two universal curves, i.e. valid for any mass value: the scaled critical temperature as a function of the scaled charge density of the Bose system, and the density ratio of anti-particles versus the scaled critical temperature. Moreover, we numerically investigate charge densities and condensed fraction ranging from the non-relativistic to the ultra-relativistic temperature, where analytical results are obtained.
We study the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of a free Bose gas under rigid rotation. The aim is to explore the impact of rotation on the thermodynamic quantities associated with BEC, including the Bose-Einstein (BE) transition temperature and condensate fraction. We begin by introducing the rotation in the Lagrangian density of free charged Klein-Gordon fields and determine the corresponding grand canonical partition function at finite temperature, chemical potential, and finite angular velocity. Assuming slow rotation, we derive analytical expressions for the pressure, energy, number, and angular momentum densities of a free Bose gas in nonrelativistic and ultrarelativistic limits in terms of the corresponding fugacities. We then focus on the phenomenon of BEC. We calculate the critical temperature of BEC transition and the condensate fraction in a slowly rotating Bose gas including only particles. Our findings indicate that the critical exponent associated with the BE transition in a rotating gas is lower compared to that in a nonrotating Bose gas. We also determine the fugacity in a rotating Bose gas in the aforementioned limits and examine how rotation affects its temperature dependence, both below and above the critical temperature. By analyzing the behavior of heat capacity at these temperatures, we demonstrate that in a nonrelativistic Bose gas, the rotation transforms the nature of the BE phase transition from a continuous to a discontinuous transition. In general, we find that a nonrelativistic Bose gas under rotation behaves similarly to a nonrotating Bose gas in ultrarelativistic limit.
The q -deformed Bose–Einstein distribution derived from the q -boson algebra is used to study the low-temperature behavior of an ideal q -deformed Bose gas with relativistic energy spectrum. The effects of q -deformation on the properties relative to Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) are discussed. It is shown that q -deformation leads to some novel characteristics different from those of an original Bose gas, which include the criteria on the occurrence of BEC, critical temperature and jump of heat capacity at the critical point. The results obtained here provide a unified description for the properties of q -deformed Bose systems from the nonrelativistic case to the ultrarelativistic limit, so that some important conclusions in the literature are included in this paper.
Abstract We study the effects of a uniform and constant magnetic field on the Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) of relativistic charged scalar bosons. The condensation of magnetized charged bosons is usually discussed in the weak or strong field regimes separately, and in each case, the properties predicted for the condensate are different. Here, we develop a low‐temperature analysis suitable for any field that allows us to observe how the gas behaves for intermediate values of the magnetic field. We find that BEC may occur at finite magnetic fields, despite the gas becoming effectively one‐dimensional due to Landau quantization of the momentum perpendicular to the magnetic axis.