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arXiv:2109.07294 · Physics Letters A

Observations of Ultrafast Superfluorescent Beatings in a Cesium Atomic Vapor Excited by Femtosecond Laser Pulses

Gombojav O. Ariunbold, Vladimir A. Sautenkov, Hebin Li, Robert K. Murawski, Xi Wang, Miaochan Zhi, Tuguldur Begzjav, Alexei V. Sokolov, Marlan O. Scully, Yuri V. Rostovtsev

Published Jan 1, 2021• 8 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1016/j.physleta.2022.127945

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We investigated the polarization properties of superfluorescence (SF) emitted from dense cesium atomic vapor in a cell. The atoms were excited from the 6 S ground to the 8 P state using a femtosecond laser pulse. The SF fields generated on the cascaded decay, 8 P → 8 S → 7 P , mediated the nonlinear optical process. We observed 4.2-µm and 456-nm forward directional emissions generated on the 8 S → 7 P and 7 P → 6 S transitions, respectively. The polarizations of the two fields were correlated in each laser shot, and their directions fluctuated from shot to shot, reflecting the noise that initiated the 4.2-µm emission.
We study backward cooperative emissions from a dense sodium atomic vapor. Ultrashort pulses produced from a conventional amplified femtosecond laser system with an optical parametric amplifier are used to excite sodium atoms resonantly on the two-photon 3S –4S transition. Backward superfluorescent emissions (BSFEs), both on the 4S –3P and 4S –3P transitions, are observed. The picosecond temporal characteristics of the BSFE are observed using an ultrafast streak camera. The power laws for the dependencies of the average time delay and the intensity of the BSFEs on input power are analyzed in the sense of cooperative emission from nonidentical atomic species. As a result, an absolute (rather than relative) time delay and its fluctuations (free of any possible external noise) are determined experimentally. The possibility of a backward swept-gain superfluorescence as an artificial laser guide star in the sodium layer in the mesosphere is also discussed.
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