arXiv:2108.10067

Deep-learning-based recognition of multi-singularity structured light

Hao Wang, Xilin Yang, Zeqi Liu, Yijie Shen, Jing Pan, Yuan Meng, Zijian Shi, Zhensong Wan, Hengkang Zhang, Xing Fu, Qiang Liu

Published Aug 23, 2021• 0 citations

arXiv HTML PDF

Abstract

Structured light with customized complex topological pattern inspires diverse classical and quantum investigations underpinned by accurate detection techniques. However, the current detection schemes are limited to vortex beam with simple phase singularity. The precise recognition of general structured light with multiple singularities remains elusive. Here, we report a deep learning (DL) framework that can unveil multi-singularity phase structures in an end-to-end manner after feeding only two intensity patterns upon beam propagation captured via a camera, thus unleashing intuitive information of twisted photons. The DL toolbox can also acquire phases of Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) modes with single singularity and other general phase objects likewise. Leveraging this DL platform, a phase-based optical secret sharing (OSS) protocol is proposed, which is based on a more general class of multi-singularity modes than conventional LG beams. The OSS protocol features strong security, wealthy state space and convenient intensity-based measurements. This study opens new avenues for vortex beam communications, laser mode analysis, microscopy, Bose-Einstein condensates characterization, etc.

DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2108.10067

Related papers

Deep‐learning‐based recognition of multi‐singularity structured light

Hao Wang, Xilin Yang, Zeqi Liu +8 more

Structured light with customized topological patterns inspires diverse classical and quantum investigations underpinned by accurate detection techniques. However, the current detection schemes are limited to vortex beams with a simple phase singularity. The precise recognition of general structured light with multiple singularities remains elusive. Here, we report deep learning (DL) framework that can unveil multi-singularity phase structures in an end-to-end manner, after feeding only two intensity patterns upon beam propagation. By outputting the phase directly, rich and intuitive information of twisted photons is unleashed. The DL toolbox can also acquire phases of Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) modes with a single singularity and other general phase objects likewise. Enabled by this DL platform, a phase-based optical secret sharing (OSS) protocol is proposed, which is based on a more general class of multi-singularity modes than conventional LG beams. The OSS protocol features strong security, wealthy state space, and convenient intensity-based measurements. This study opens new avenues for large-capacity communications, laser mode analysis, microscopy, Bose-Einstein condensates characterization, etc.

NanophotonicsOct 14, 202149 citations

Deep-learning-assisted optical communication with discretized state space of structured light

Minyang Zhang, Dong-Xu Chen, Pengxiang Ruan +4 more

Abstract The rich structure of transverse spatial modes of structured light has facilitated their extensive applications in quantum information and optical communication. The Laguerre–Gaussian (LG) modes, which carry a well-defined orbital angular momentum (OAM), consist of a complete orthogonal basis describing the transverse spatial modes of light. The application of OAM in free-space optical communication is restricted due to the experimentally limited OAM numbers and the complex OAM recognition methods. Here, we present a novel method that uses the advanced deep learning technique for LG modes recognition. By discretizing the spatial modes of structured light, we turn the OAM state regression into classification. A proof-of-principle experiment is also performed, showing that our method effectively categorizes OAM states with small training samples and the accuracy exceeds 99% from three-dimensional (3D) to fifteen-dimensional (15D) space. By assigning each category a classical information, we further apply our approach to an image transmission task, achieving a transmission accuracy of 99.58%, which demonstrates the ability to encode large data with low OAM number. This work opens up a new avenue for achieving high-capacity optical communication with low OAM number based on structured light.

Chinese Physics BOct 10, 20243 citations

Machine Learning-Based Classification of Vector Vortex Beams

Taira Giordani, Alessia Suprano, Emanuele Polino +6 more

Structured light is attracting significant attention for its diverse applications in both classical and quantum optics. The so-called vector vortex beams display peculiar properties in both contexts due to the nontrivial correlations between optical polarization and orbital angular momentum. Here we demonstrate a new, flexible experimental approach to the classification of vortex vector beams. We first describe a platform for generating arbitrary complex vector vortex beams inspired to photonic quantum walks. We then exploit recent machine learning methods-namely, convolutional neural networks and principal component analysis-to recognize and classify specific polarization patterns. Our study demonstrates the significant advantages resulting from the use of machine learning-based protocols for the construction and characterization of high-dimensional resources for quantum protocols.

arXiv:2005.07949Physical Review LettersApr 20, 2020147 citations

Identification of Diffracted Vortex Beams at Different Propagation Distances Using Deep Learning

Heng Lv, Yan Guo, Zi-Xiang Yang +4 more

The Orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light is regarded as a valuable resource in quantum technology, especially in quantum communication and quantum sensing and ranging. However, the OAM state of light is susceptible to undesirable experimental conditions such as propagation distance and phase distortions, which hinders the potential for the realistic implementation of relevant technologies. In this article, we exploit an enhanced deep learning neural network to identify different OAM modes of light at multiple propagation distances with phase distortions. Specifically, our trained deep learning neural network can efficiently identify the vortex beam’s topological charge and propagation distance with 97% accuracy. Our technique has important implications for OAM based communication and sensing protocols.

arXiv:2203.16539Frontiers in PhysicsMar 30, 202210 citations

Measuring orbital angular momentum of a vortex beam with atom-based structured light

Nawaz Sarif Mallick

This study presents an innovative scheme for detecting the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of vortex beams within an atomic ensemble. Leveraging a homogeneously broadened four-level atomic system driven by two orthogonal polarization probe beams, we demonstrate the selective generation of structured beams without the need for magnetic fields between the two ground states. Through detailed theoretical analysis and numerical simulations, we elucidate the phase-dependent behavior of atomic coherences induced by an OAM-carrying Laguerre–Gaussian optical probe beam. These findings enable the creation of petal-like structures within the probe beam, with the number of petals directly correlated to the OAM value. Our investigation underscores the potential of this OAM detection scheme as a highly sensitive and precise sensor, applicable across diverse domains such as telecommunication, microscopy, and optical metrology.

Journal of the Optical Society of America BDec 17, 202411 citations

High-dimensional encryption in optical fibers using machine learning

M. L. Lollie, Mostafavi, Fatemeh, Bhusal, Narayan +5 more

The ability to engineer the spatial wavefunction of photons has enabled a variety of quantum protocols for communication, sensing, and information processing. These protocols exploit the high dimensionality of structured light enabling the encodinng of multiple bits of information in a single photon, the measurement of small physical parameters, and the achievement of unprecedented levels of security in schemes for cryptography. Unfortunately, the potential of structured light has been restrained to free-space platforms in which the spatial profile of photons is preserved. Here, we make an important step forward to using structured light for fiber optical communication. We introduce a smart high-dimensional encryption protocol in which the propagation of spatial modes in multimode fibers is used as a natural mechanism for encryption. This provides a secure communication channel for data transmission. The information encoded in spatial modes is retrieved using artificial neural networks, which are trained from the intensity distributions of experimentally detected spatial modes. Our on-fiber communication platform allows us to use spatial modes of light for high-dimensional bit-by-bit and byte-by-byte encoding. This protocol enables one to recover messages and images with almost perfect accuracy. Our smart protocol for high-dimensional optical encryption in optical fibers has key implications for quantum technologies relying on structured fields of light, particularly those that are challenged by free-space propagation.

arXiv:2108.06420Aug 13, 20212 citations