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arXiv:2107.12496 · Physical Review Applied

Continuous-Variable Quantum Teleportation Using a Microwave-Enabled Plasmonic Graphene Waveguide

Muhammad Asjad, Montasir Qasymeh, Hichem Eleuch

Published Sep 27, 2021• 30 citations
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Abstract

We present a scheme to generate continuous-variable bipartite entanglement between two optical modes in a hybrid optical-microwave-plasmonic graphene waveguide system. In this scheme, we exploit the interaction of two light fields coupled to the same microwave mode via plasmonic graphene waveguide to generate two-mode squeezing, which can be used for continuous-variable quantum teleportation of the light signals over large distances. Furthermore, we study the teleportation fidelity of an unknown coherent state. The teleportation protocol is robust against the thermal noise associated with the microwave degree of freedom.

DOI
10.1103/physrevapplied.16.034046

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We present a scheme to generate continuous-variable bipartite entanglement between two optical modes in a hybrid optical-microwave-plasmonic graphene waveguide system. In this scheme, we exploit the interaction of two light fields coupled to the same microwave mode via plasmonic graphene waveguide to generate two-mode squeezing, which can be used for continuous-variable quantum teleportation of the light signals over large distances. Furthermore, we study the teleportation fidelity of an unknown coherent state. The teleportation protocol is robust against the thermal noise associated with the microwave degree of freedom.
We propose a scheme for achieving quantum entanglement between surface-plasmon-polariton (SPP) modes in a hybrid plasmonic-graphene waveguide system. We then demonstrate that the entanglement of two SPP modes can serve as a useful resource for quantum communication of continuous-variable light signals over a long distance, mediated by concatenated swap operations. The teleportation fidelity of an unknown coherent state has strong robustness to loss and imperfect detection at relatively strong effective optical-microwave coupling. Our study opens the way for continuous-variable quantum communication and quantum information based on hybrid plasmonic-graphene systems.
We present a scheme to generate a continuous variable (CV) multipartite entangled state using an array of plasmonic graphene waveguides that are activated by nonclassical driving microwave modes. Within this scheme, we can exploit the interaction of two light fields coupled to the same microwave mode in each waveguide to produce any type of multipartite Gaussian entangled state. A teleportation network is illustrated using the resultant CV multipartite entangled state. In particular, the proposed setup enables coherent state teleportation across remotely connected nodes with fidelity above a threshold limit of 2/3, providing secure quantum teleportation networking even in the presence of losses.
We propose a novel approach for microwave and optical fields entanglement using an electrical capacitor loaded with graphene plasmonic waveguide. In the proposed scheme, a quantum microwave signal of frequency ωmdrives the electrical capacitor, while an intensive optical field (optical pump) of frequency ω1is launched to the graphene waveguide as a surface plasmon polariton (i.e., SPP) mode. The two fields interact by the means of electrically modulating the graphene optical conductivity. It then follows that an upper and lower SPP sideband modes (of ω2= ω1+ ωmand ω3= ω1- ωmfrequencies, respectively) are generated. We show that the microwave signal and the lower sideband SPP mode are entangled, for a proper optical intensity. A quantum mechanics model is carried out to describe the fields evolution. Furthermore, novel iterative approach (based on combining the Duan criterion with the quantum regression theorem) is developed to assess the fields entanglement. Consequently, the entanglement of the two fields is evaluated versus several parameters including the waveguide length, the pump intensity, and the microwave frequency. We find that the two fields are entangled over a vast microwave frequency range. Moreover, our calculations show that a significant number of entangled photons are generated at the lower SPP sideband. The proposed scheme attains tunable mechanism for microwave-optical entanglement which paves the way for efficient quantum systems.
Abstract Quantum teleportation has achieved significant progress in the optical frequency domain but faces persistent challenges, including high transmission losses and limited transmittance. In contrast, the microwave frequency domain offers distinct advantages, such as reduced absorption losses, lower energy consumption, and compatibility with superconducting quantum technologies. To overcome the limitations of optical quantum teleportation, this study presents a microwave-based continuous-variable quantum teleportation (CVQT) scheme designed for open-air environments at room temperature. The proposed approach employs microwave two-mode squeezed states, with entanglement enhanced through quantum scissors operations to mitigate environmental degradation. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the maximum transmission distance of microwave entangled states for CVQT is about 200 m at room temperature. The results also indicate that the microwave CVQT scheme achieves lower attenuation and higher fidelity over short distances compared to optical frequency CVQT under similar weather conditions. Moreover, microwave quantum states exhibit reduced sensitivity to weather-induced variations, highlighting their robustness and practicality for open-air quantum communication applications.
The capability of magnons to coherently couple with various quantum systems makes them an ideal candidate to build hybrid quantum systems. The optomagnonic coupling is essential for constructing a hybrid magnonic quantum network, as the transmission of quantum information among remote quantum nodes must be accomplished using light rather than microwave field. Here, we provide an optomagnonic continuous-variable quantum teleportation protocol, which enables the transfer of an input optical state to a remote magnon mode. To overcome the currently relatively weak coupling in the experiment, we introduce non-Gaussian distillation operations to enhance the optomagnonic entanglement and thus the fidelity of the teleportation. An auxiliary microwave cavity is adopted to realize the non-Gaussian and displacement operations on magnons. We show that a series of optical states, such as coherent, single-photon, squeezed, and cat states, can be teleported to the magnon mode. The work provides guidance for the experimental realization of magnonic quantum repeaters and quantum networks and a route to prepare diverse magnonic quantum states exploiting the photon-to-magnon quantum teleportation.