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arXiv:2107.05229 · Reviews in Mathematical Physics

Generalized coherent states of exceptional Scarf-I potential: Their spatio-temporal and statistical properties

T. Shreecharan, S. Sree Ranjani

Published Jun 26, 2021• 1 citation
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Abstract

We construct generalized coherent states for the rationally extended Scarf-I potential. Statistical and geometrical properties of these states are investigated. Special emphasis is given to the study of spatio-temporal properties of the coherent states via the quantum carpet structure and the auto-correlation function. Through this study, we aim to find the signature of the “rationalization” of the conventional potentials and the classical orthogonal polynomials.

DOI
10.1142/s0129055x21500331

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We construct generalized coherent states for the rationally extended Scarf-I potential. Statistical and geometrical properties of these states are investigated. Special emphasis is given to the study of spatio-temporal properties of the coherent states via the quantum carpet structure and the auto-correlation function. Through this study, we aim to find the signature of the “rationalization” of the conventional potentials and the classical orthogonal polynomials.
Using shape invariance property we construct coherent state for a class of potentials containing Scarf I and its extensions, the solutions of the latter being given in terms of the recently discovered Jacobi-Xl type exceptional polynomials. It is shown that the coherent state possesses the property of resolution of unity and exhibits sub-Poissonian behavior. We then investigate the coherent state of Scarf I potential and its l = 1 extension in some detail to understand the similarities (and differences) between the exceptional orthogonal polynomials and their classical counterparts.
The revival structures for the X_m exceptional orthogonal polynomials of the Scarf I potential endowed with position-dependent effective mass is studied in the context of the generalized Gazeau-Klauder coherent states. It is shown that in the case of the constant mass, the deduced coherent states mimic full and fractional revivals phenomena. However in the case of position-dependent effective mass, although full revivals take place during their time evolution, there is no fractional revivals as defined in the common sense. These properties are illustrated numerically by means of some specific profile mass functions, with and without singularities. We have also observed a close connection between the coherence time τ_coh^m? and the mass parameter ?.
Gazeau-Klauder coherent states of the extended trigonometric Scarf potential, underlying the quadratic energy spectrum and associated with Jacobi-type Xm exceptional orthogonal polynomials P(a,b,m) n (x), are constructed. The temporal evolution of wave-packet coherent states are performed by means of an autocorrelation function and the full revival properties are investigated in the usual time-domain analysis. This latter seems to be less useful for describing the fractional revivals due to the complicated nature of coherent wave-packet. Fortunately the autocorrelation function revels a little signature of fractional revivals at the vicinity of quarters of the revival time Trev due to the quadratic energy spectrum and the use of the wavelet-based time-frequency analysis of the autocorrelation function provides an analytical and numerical observation of the fractional revivals at different orders of the system.
Abstract The revival structures for X m -exceptional orthogonal polynomials (EOP) of Scarf I potentials endowed with position-dependent effective mass (PDEM) are studied in the context of the generalized Gazeau-Klauder coherent states. It is shown that the deduced coherent states mimic full and fractional revivals phenomena in the case of the constant-mass. However, in the case of position-dependent effective mass, although full revivals take place during their time evolution, there is no trace of fractional revivals as defined in the common sense. These properties are illustrated numerically by means of some specific profiles of the mass-function, with and without singularities. We have also observed a close connection between the coherence time τ coh [ m ] and the mass-parameter λ . We suspect the effect that a larger mass-parameter λ contributes significantly to a longer coherence time τ coh [ m ] .
A general procedure for constructing coherent states, which are eigenstates of annihilation operators, related to quantum mechanical potential problems, is presented. These coherent states, by construction are not potential specific and rely on the properties of the orthogonal polynomials, for their derivation. The information about a given quantum mechanical potential enters into these states, through the orthogonal polynomials associated with it and also through its ground state wave function. The time evolution of some of these states exhibit fractional revivals, having relevance to the factorization problem.
Abstract We construct the coherent states of general order, m , for the ladder operators and , which act on rational deformations of the harmonic oscillator. The position wavefunctions of the eigenvectors involve type III Hermite exceptional orthogonal polynomials. We plot energy expectations, time-dependent position probability densities for the coherent states and for the even and odd cat states, Wigner functions, and Heisenberg uncertainty relations. We find generally non-classical behaviour, with one exception: there is a regime of large magnitude of the coherent state parameter, z , where the otherwise indistinct position probability density separates into m + 1 distinct wavepackets oscillating and colliding in the potential, forming interference fringes when they collide. The Mandel Q parameter is calculated to find sub-Poissonian statistics, another indicator of non-classical behaviour. We plot the position standard deviation and find squeezing in many of the cases. We calculate the two ‘photon’ number probability density for the output state when the m = 4, coherent states (where μ labels the lowest weight in the superposition) are placed on one arm of a beamsplitter. We find that it does not factorize, again indicating non-classical behaviour. Calculation of the linear entropy for this beamsplitter output state shows significant entanglement, another non-classical feature. We also construct linearized versions, , of the annihilation operators and their coherent states and calculate the same properties that we investigate for the coherent states. For these we find similar behaviour to the coherent states, at much smaller magnitudes of z , but comparable average energies.