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arXiv:2106.05155 · Physical Review A

Time scaling and quantum speed limit in non-Hermitian Hamiltonians

François Impens, F. M. D'Angelis, F. A. Pinheiro, David Guéry-Odelin

Published Nov 24, 2021• 27 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We report on a time-scaling technique to enhance the performances of quantum control protocols in non-Hermitian systems. The considered time scaling involves no extra couplings and yields a significant enhancement of the quantum fidelity for a comparable amount of resources. We discuss the application of this technique to quantum-state transfers in two- and three-level open quantum systems. We derive the quantum speed limit in a system governed by a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. Interestingly, we show that with an appropriate driving the time-scaling technique preserves the optimality of the quantum speed with respect to the quantum speed limit whereas reducing significantly the damping of the quantum-state norm.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.104.052620

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Quantum mechanics establishes a fundamental bound for the minimum evolution time between two states of a given system. Known as the quantum speed limit (QSL), it is a useful tool in the context of quantum control, where the speed of some control protocol is usually intended to be as large as possible. While QSL expressions for time-independent Hamiltonians have been well studied, the time-dependent regime has remained somewhat unexplored, albeit being usually the relevant problem to be compared with when studying systems controlled by external fields. In this paper we explore the relation between optimal times found in quantum control and the QSL bound, in the (relevant) time-dependent regime, by discussing the ubiquitous two-level Landau-Zener-type Hamiltonian.
Quantum mechanics establishes a fundamental bound for the minimum evolution time between two states of a given system. Known as the quantum speed limit (QSL), it is a useful tool in the context of quantum control, where the speed of some control protocol is usually intended to be as large as possible. While QSL expressions for time-independent Hamiltonians have been well studied, the time-dependent regime has remained somewhat unexplored, albeit being usually the relevant problem to be compared with when studying systems controlled by external fields. In this paper we explore the relation between optimal times found in quantum control and the QSL bound, in the (relevant) time-dependent regime, by discussing the ubiquitous two-level Landau-Zener–type Hamiltonian.
We investigate the dynamics of quantum systems whose evolution is governed by linear generators of fixed unitarily invariant norm. For this broad class of evolutions, we derive a universal time-optimal generator of the dynamics converting one given state into another. It provides a time-optimal non-Hermitian Hamiltonian for pure state conversion. We then use this general result to derive quantum speed limits for mixed-state evolutions governed by Lindbladians and non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. Our findings follow from the geometric properties of the group GL(n,C)GL(n,\mathbb{C})GL(n,C), in particular the geodesic distance. The derived bounds hold for an arbitrary system size nnn, depend only on the norms of the evolution generator and the initial and final states, and do not require performing any time-averaging.
Abstract The quantum speed limit describes how quickly a quantum system can evolve in time from an initial state to a final state under a given dynamics. Here, we derive a generalised quantum speed limit (GQSL) for arbitrary time-continuous evolution using the geometrical approach of quantum mechanics. The GQSL is applicable for quantum systems undergoing unitary, non-unitary, completely positive, non-completely positive and relativistic quantum dynamics. This reduces to the well known standard quantum speed limit (QSL), i.e. the Mandelstam-Tamm bound when the quantum system undergoes unitary time evolution. Using our formalism, we then obtain a quantum speed limit for non-Hermitian quantum systems. To illustrate our findings, we have estimated the quantum speed limit for a time-independent non-Hermitian system as well as for a time-dependent non-Hermitian system namely the Bethe-Lamb Hamiltonian for general two-level system.