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arXiv:2102.11470 · Physical Review A

Characterization of the magnetic field through the three-body loss near a narrow Feshbach resonance

Yang Chen, Shuai Peng, Hongwei Gong, Xiao Zhang, Jiaming Li, Le Luo

Published Jun 17, 2021• 10 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The narrow $s$-wave Feshbach resonance of a $^{6}\mathrm{Li}$ Fermi gas shows strong three-body loss, which is proposed to be used to measure the minute change of a magnetic field around the resonance. However, the eddy effect will cause ultracold atom experiencing a magnetic field delay to the desired magnetic field from the current of the magnetic coils. The elimination of the eddy effect will play a key role in any experiments that are motivated to measure the magnetic field to the precision of a parts per million stability. Here, we apply a method to correct the eddy effect for precision measurement of the magnetic field. We first record the three-body loss influenced by the induced eddy effect, then we use a first-order decay model to obtain the time constant of the actual magnetic field by fitting the atom loss. This precisely determines the actual magnetic field according to the time response of the three-body loss. After that, we implement the desired magnetic field to the atoms so that we can analyze the three-body loss across the narrow Feshbach resonance. The measured magnetic-field-dependent rate of three-body loss at an ultralow temperature shows that the three-body recombination is the dominated loss mechanism near the resonance. We expect this practical method of correcting the eddy effect error of the magnetic field can be further applied to future studies of quantum few- and many-body physics near a narrow Feshbach resonance.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.103.063311

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The narrow sss-wave Feshbach resonance of a 6Li^{6}\mathrm{Li}6Li Fermi gas shows strong three-body loss, which is proposed to be used to measure the minute change of a magnetic field around the resonance. However, the eddy effect will cause ultracold atom experiencing a magnetic field delay to the desired magnetic field from the current of the magnetic coils. The elimination of the eddy effect will play a key role in any experiments that are motivated to measure the magnetic field to the precision of a parts per million stability. Here, we apply a method to correct the eddy effect for precision measurement of the magnetic field. We first record the three-body loss influenced by the induced eddy effect, then we use a first-order decay model to obtain the time constant of the actual magnetic field by fitting the atom loss. This precisely determines the actual magnetic field according to the time response of the three-body loss. After that, we implement the desired magnetic field to the atoms so that we can analyze the three-body loss across the narrow Feshbach resonance. The measured magnetic-field-dependent rate of three-body loss at an ultralow temperature shows that the three-body recombination is the dominated loss mechanism near the resonance. We expect this practical method of correcting the eddy effect error of the magnetic field can be further applied to future studies of quantum few- and many-body physics near a narrow Feshbach resonance.
We experimentally measure and theoretically analyze the three-atom recombination rate, L_{3}, around a narrow s-wave magnetic Feshbach resonance of ^{6}Li-^{6}Li at 543.3 G. By examining both the magnetic field dependence and, especially, the temperature dependence of L_{3} over a wide range of temperatures from a few μK to above 200 μK, we show that three-atom recombination through a narrow resonance follows a universal behavior determined by the long-range van der Waals potential and can be described by a set of rate equations in which three-body recombination proceeds via successive pairwise interactions. We expect the underlying physical picture to be applicable not only to narrow s wave resonances, but also to resonances in nonzero partial waves, and not only at ultracold temperatures, but also at much higher temperatures.
Orbital-resolved three-body recombination across a p-wave Feshbach resonance in ultracold 6^66Li
We report precision, orbital-resolved measurements of three-body recombination near the 159~G ppp-wave Feshbach resonance in an ultracold gas of 6^{6}6Li atoms prepared in their lowest hyperfine state. Using a radio-frequency gated protocol that suppresses magnetic-field transients below the milligauss level, we resolve loss features associated with the ∣mℓ∣=1|m_\ell|=1∣mℓ​∣=1 and mℓ=0m_\ell=0mℓ​=0 orbital projections. The measured three-body loss coefficient L3L_3L3​ is well captured by a thermally averaged cascade-recombination model, enabling extraction of the resonance splitting δBδBδB and effective-range parameter kek_eke​. At the lowest temperature, we obtain δB=7.6(3)δB = 7.6(3)δB=7.6(3)~mG and ke=0.151(6) a0−1k_e = 0.151(6)\,a_0^{-1}ke​=0.151(6)a0−1​, both in quantitative agreement with coupled-channel theory. These results establish orbital-resolved three-body spectroscopy as a precision probe of ppp-wave scattering and provide a benchmark for microscopic models of resonant few-body loss.
Abstract We report precision, orbital-resolved measurements of three-body recombination near the 159 G p -wave Feshbach resonance in an ultracold gas of 6 Li atoms prepared in their lowest hyperfine state. Using a radio-frequency gated protocol that suppresses magnetic-field transients below the milligauss level, we resolve loss features associated with the | m ℓ | = 1 and m ℓ = 0 orbital projections. The measured three-body loss coefficient L 3 is well captured by a thermally averaged cascade-recombination model, enabling extraction of the resonance splitting δ B and effective-range parameter k e . At the lowest temperature, we obtain δ B = 7.6 ( 3 ) mG and k e = 0.151 ( 6 ) a 0 − 1 , both in quantitative agreement with coupled-channel theory. These results establish orbital-resolved three-body spectroscopy as a precision probe of p -wave scattering and provide a benchmark for microscopic models of resonant few-body loss.
We report on the high-resolution Feshbach spectroscopy on a degenerate, spin-polarized Fermi gas of 161Dy atoms, measuring three-body recombination losses at a low magnetic field. For field strengths up to 1 G, we identify as much as 44 resonance features and observe the plateaus of very low losses. For four selected typical resonances, we study the dependence of the threebody recombination rate coefficient on the magnetic resonance detuning and on the temperature. We observe a strong suppression of losses with decreasing temperature already for small detunings from the resonance. The characterization of complex behavior of the three-body losses of fermionic 161Dy is important for future applications of this peculiar species in research on atomic quantum gases.
We study three-body recombination of fully spin-polarized 6Li^{6}\mathrm{Li}6Li atoms that are interacting resonantly in relative ppp waves. Motivated by a recent experiment, we focus on negative scattering volumes where three atoms recombine into a deep dimer and another atom. We calculate the three-body recombination rate using a Faddeev equation derived from effective field theory. In particular, we study the magnetic field and temperature dependences of the loss rate and use the recombination data to determine the effective range of the ppp-wave atom-atom interaction. We also predict the existence of a shallow three-body resonance state that manifests itself as a prominent feature in the energy-dependent three-body recombination rate.
We investigate the stability of a three spin state mixture of ultracold fermionic 6Li atoms over a range of magnetic fields encompassing three Feshbach resonances. For most field values, we attribute decay of the atomic population to three-body processes involving one atom from each spin state and find that the three-body loss coefficient varies by over 4 orders of magnitude. We observe high stability when at least two of the three scattering lengths are small, rapid loss near the Feshbach resonances, and two unexpected resonant loss features. At our highest fields, where all pairwise scattering lengths are approaching a_{t}=-2140a_{0}, we measure a three-body loss coefficient L_{3} approximately 5x10;{-22} cm;{6}/s and a trend toward lower decay rates for higher fields indicating that future studies of color superfluidity and trion formation in a SU(3) symmetric Fermi gas may be feasible.