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arXiv:2102.02797 · Nature Physics

Strong coupling of alkali-metal spins to noble-gas spins with an hour-long coherence time

Roy Shaham, Or Katz, Ofer Firstenberg

Published Apr 4, 2022• 57 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1038/s41567-022-01535-w

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An ensemble of noble-gas nuclear spins is a unique quantum system that could maintain coherence for many hours at room temperature and above, owing to exceptional isolation from the environment. This isolation, however, is a mixed blessing, limiting the ability of these ensembles to coherently interface with other quantum systems. Here we show that spin-exchange collisions with alkali-metal atoms render a quantum interface for noble-gas spins without impeding their long coherence times. We formulate the many-body theory of the hybrid system and reveal a collective mechanism that strongly couples the macroscopic quantum states of the two spin ensembles. Despite their stochastic and random nature, weak collisions enable entanglement and reversible exchange of nonclassical excitations in an efficient, controllable, and deterministic process. We outline feasible parameters for reaching the strong-coupling regime, paving the way towards an experimental realization of hour-long quantum memories and entanglement at room-temperature.
An ensemble of noble-gas nuclear spins is a unique quantum system that could maintain coherence for many hours at room temperature and above, owing to exceptional isolation from the environment.This isolation, however, is a mixed blessing, limiting the ability of these ensembles to interface with other quantum systems coherently.Here we show that spin-exchange collisions with alkali-metal atoms render a quantum interface for noble-gas spins without impeding their long coherence times.We formulate the many-body theory of the hybrid system and reveal a collective mechanism that strongly couples the macroscopic quantum states of the two spin ensembles.Despite their stochastic and random nature, weak collisions enable entanglement and reversible exchange of nonclassical excitations in an efficient, controllable, and deterministic process.With recent experiments now entering the strong-coupling regime, this interface paves the way toward realizing hour-long quantum memories and entanglement at room temperature.