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arXiv:2011.08094 · Physical review. B./Physical review. B

Higgs mode mediated enhancement of interlayer transport in high- Tc cuprate superconductors

Guido Homann, Jayson G. Cosme, Junichi Okamoto, Ludwig Mathey

Published Jun 2, 2021• 10 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We put forth a mechanism for enhancing the interlayer transport in cuprate superconductors, by optically driving plasmonic excitations along the $c$ axis with a frequency that is blue-detuned from the Higgs frequency. The plasmonic excitations induce a collective oscillation of the Higgs field which induces a parametric enhancement of the superconducting response, as we demonstrate with a minimal analytical model. Furthermore, we perform simulations of a particle-hole symmetric $U(1)$ lattice gauge theory and find good agreement with our analytical prediction. We map out the renormalization of the interlayer coupling as a function of the parameters of the optical field and demonstrate that the Higgs mode mediated enhancement can be larger than $50%$.

DOI
10.1103/physrevb.103.224503

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•Jan 1, 2015•0 citations
We put forth a mechanism for enhancing the interlayer transport in cuprate superconductors, by optically driving plasmonic excitations along the ccc axis with a frequency that is blue-detuned from the Higgs frequency. The plasmonic excitations induce a collective oscillation of the Higgs field which induces a parametric enhancement of the superconducting response, as we demonstrate with a minimal analytical model. Furthermore, we perform simulations of a particle-hole symmetric U(1)U(1)U(1) lattice gauge theory and find good agreement with our analytical prediction. We map out the renormalization of the interlayer coupling as a function of the parameters of the optical field and demonstrate that the Higgs mode mediated enhancement can be larger than 5050%50.
Higgs-mediated enhancement of interlayer transport in high-TcT_cTc​ superconductors
We put forth a mechanism for enhancing the interlayer transport in cuprate superconductors, by optically driving plasmonic excitations with a frequency that is blue-detuned from the Higgs frequency. The plasmonic excitations induce a collective oscillation of the Higgs field which induces parametric enhancement of the superconducting response, as we demonstrate with a minimal analytical model. Furthermore, we perform relativistic U(1)U(1)U(1) lattice gauge simulations and find good agreement with our analytical prediction. We map out the renormalization of the interlayer coupling as a function of the parameters of the optical field and demonstrate that the Higgs-mediated enhancement can be larger than 50%50\%50%.
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Higgs Time Crystal in a High-TcT_{\mathrm{c}}Tc​ Superconductor
We propose to induce a time crystalline state in a high-TcT_{\mathrm{c}}Tc​ superconductor, by optically driving a sum resonance of the Higgs mode and a Josephson plasma mode. The generic cubic process that couples these fundamental excitations converts driving of the sum resonance into simultaneous resonant driving of both modes, resulting in an incommensurate subharmonic motion. We use a numerical implementation of a semi-classical driven-dissipative lattice gauge theory on a 3D layered lattice, which models the geometry of cuprate superconductors, to demonstrate the robustness of this motion against thermal fluctuations. We demonstrate this light-induced time crystalline phase for mono- and bilayer systems, and show that this order can be detected for pulsed driving under realistic technological conditions.
We propose to induce a time-crystalline state in a high-T c superconductor, by optically driving a sum resonance of the Higgs mode and a Josephson plasma mode.The generic cubic process that couples these fundamental excitations converts driving of the sum resonance into simultaneous resonant driving of both modes, resulting in an incommensurate subharmonic motion.We use a numerical implementation of a semiclassical drivendissipative lattice gauge theory on a three-dimensional layered lattice, which models the geometry of cuprate superconductors, to demonstrate the robustness of this motion against thermal fluctuations.We demonstrate this light-induced time-crystalline phase for mono-and bilayer systems and show that this order can be detected for pulsed driving under realistic technological conditions.
Motivated by the recent resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) experiment for the electron-doped cuprates ${\mathrm{Nd}}_{2\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Ce}}_{x}{\mathrm{CuO}}_{4}$ with $x\ensuremath{\approx}0.15$, we compute the density-density correlation function in the $t\ensuremath{-}J$ model on a square lattice by including interlayer hopping and the long-range Coulomb interaction. We find that collective charge excitations are realized not inside the particle-hole continuum, but above the continuum as plasmons. The plasmon mode has a rather flat dispersion near the in-plane momentum ${\mathbf{q}}_{\ensuremath{\parallel}}=(0,0)$ with a typical excitation energy of the order of the intralayer hopping ttt when the out-of-plane momentum qz{q}_{z}qz​ is zero. However, when qz{q}_{z}qz​ becomes finite, the plasmon dispersion changes drastically near ${\mathbf{q}}_{\ensuremath{\parallel}}=(0,0)$, leading to a strong dispersive feature with an excitation gap scaled by the interlayer hopping tz{t}_{z}tz​. We discuss the mode recently observed by RIXS near ${\mathbf{q}}_{\ensuremath{\parallel}}=(0,0)$ in terms of the plasmon mode with a finite qz{q}_{z}qz​.
Thanks to growing capibilities in modulating the properties of materials by selectively driving a specific degree of freedom, along with recent developments in terahertz science, it has been possible to excite and probe the Josephson mode in cuprate superconductors. It is believed that in these materials, phase fluctuations in the superconducting order parameter, which are manifested by Josephson plasmonic excitations can be important in determining the critical temperature. Current efforts in finding novel ways of enhancing superconductivity are geared towards developing ways of using coherent control of this phase to reduce thermal fluctuations, hence improving the effective critical temperature in such materials. With this in view, we propose a 'Doppler' Cooling scheme for layered superconductors having a bilayer structure and conduct a feasibility study to assess their applicability to such systems. By modelling a bilayer cuprate unit-cell as two coupled Josephson junctions, we find that it is possible to induce transitions between and interlayer and higher energy intralayer plasmonic mode via driving from an externally applied electromagnetic field only when the junction is current biased. Our study shows that the physics of the system allow such a scheme to be implemented. The low recoil imparted by photons at terahertz frequencies enables us to apply the same framework as for cooling of atomic systems. The relatively long lifetimes (∼ 0.1 ns) against spontaneous decay estimated imply that cooling is not likely to be limited by inherent features of the scheme but will rather depend on other factors, such as the competition between cooling and rethermalisation. These factors need to be further studied to assess the experimental viability of the proposed scheme.