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arXiv:2010.15481

Time asymptotics for interacting systems

Heide Narnhofer

Published Oct 29, 2020• 0 citations
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Abstract

We argue that for Fermi systems with Galilei invariant interaction the time evolution is weakly asymptotically abelian in time invariant states but not norm asymptotically abelian.Consequences for the existence of invariant states are discussed.
DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2010.15481

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We argue that for Fermi systems on lattices or the continuum with interaction invariant under a kind of Galilei transformation the time evolution is either weakly asymptotically abelian or at least ηηη-abelian in the tracial state but not norm asymptotically abelian.
For Fermi systems interacting with a Galilei invariant pair potential with a cut-off for particles with highly different velocities the time evolution corresponds to an automorphism. We prove that all states satisfying the KMS-condition are locally normal with respect to the representation in Fock-space. Removing the cut-off limit states remain locally normal provided the interaction is repulsive or of positive type. The modular automorphism of the von Neumann-algebra of the limit state coincides with the time evolution.
A one-dimensional interacting Fermi system with weak-coupling parameters g1(<0){g}_{1} (<0)g1​(<0) and g2{g}_{2}g2​ is reexamined in the third-order renormalization-group approach. Our result indicates that the value of the invariant coupling ${g}_{1}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ varies, depending on whether the limit $\ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0$, q=0q=0q=0 or $\ensuremath{\omega}=0$, $q\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0$ is taken. For $\ensuremath{\omega}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0$, q=0q=0q=0, the invariant coupling ${g}_{1}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ scales to $\frac{{g}_{1}^{\ensuremath{'}}}{\ensuremath{\pi}v}\ensuremath{\simeq}\ensuremath{-}1.24$, and for $\ensuremath{\omega}=0$, $q\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0$, it scales to $\frac{{g}_{1}^{\ensuremath{'}}}{\ensuremath{\pi}v}\ensuremath{\simeq}\ensuremath{-}0.716$. We also argue that the invariant coupling ${g}_{1}^{\ensuremath{'}}$ obtained from neither limit is appropriate for calculating the critical exponents of various response functions.
In this Letter, we investigate the effects of a time-dependent, short-ranged interaction on the long-time expansion dynamics of Fermi gases. We show that the effects of the interaction on the dynamics is dictated by how it changes under a conformal transformation, and derive an explicit criterion for the relevancy of time-dependent interactions near both the strongly and noninteracting scale invariant limits. In addition, we show that it is possible to engineer interactions that give rise to nonexponential thermalization dynamics in trapped Fermi gases. To supplement the symmetry analysis, we perform hydrodynamic simulations to show that the moment of inertia of the trapped gas indeed follows a universal time dependence that is determined jointly by the conformal symmetry and time-dependent scattering length a(t). Our results should also be relevant to the dynamics of other systems that are nearly scale invariant and that are governed by a nonrelativistic conformal symmetry.