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arXiv:2010.07641 · Contemporary Physics

Quantum experiments with microscale particles

James Millen, Benjamin A. Stickler

Published Jul 2, 2020• 51 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Quantum theory is incredibly successful, explaining the microscopic world with great accuracy, from the behaviour of subatomic particles to chemical reactions to solid-state electronics. There is not a single experimental finding challenging its predictions, and ever more quantum phenomena are exploited in technology, including interferometric sensing and quantum cryptography. In order to explore novel applications and test the validity of quantum physics at the macroscale, researchers strive to prepare ever heavier and bigger objects in quantum superpositions. Experiments with levitated microscale particles are about to push this quest into uncharted waters.

DOI
10.1080/00107514.2020.1854497

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Quantum theory is incredibly successful, explaining the microscopic world with great accuracy, from the behaviour of subatomic particles to chemical reactions to solid-state electronics. There is not a single experimental finding challenging its predictions, and ever more quantum phenomena are exploited in technology, including interferometric sensing and quantum cryptography. In order to explore novel applications and test the validity of quantum physics at the macroscale, researchers strive to prepare ever heavier and bigger objects in quantum superpositions. Experiments with levitated microscale particles are about to push this quest into uncharted waters.
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In quantum mechanics, we can realize quantum superposition states, which cannot be understood by the usual common sense in our living world.In the microscopic world, such as that experienced by a single electron spin, superposition behavior has been experimentally confirmed.However, it is still controversial as to whether or not we can in principle observe such quantum phenomena in the macroscopic world.At NTT Basic Research Laboratories, we have experimentally tested such macroscopic quantum phenomena by using a macroscopic quantum device.
Extending beyond the achievements already made in the so-called "first quantum revolution", quantum technologies hold the potential to revolutionize the design and management of protocols for new emerging technologies in observation, communication, simulation, metrology and sensing. The second quantum revolution strives to exploit fundamental quantum properties, such as entangled quantum states, the wave nature of particles, coherent superpositions and non-classical correlations in leading edge theoretical and experimental research advancements.
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