Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:2009.04421 · Physical Review A

Sympathetic cooling of a radio-frequency LC circuit to its ground state in an optoelectromechanical system

Nicola Malossi, Paolo Piergentili, Jie Li, Enrico Serra, Riccardo Natali, Giovanni Di Giuseppe, David Vitali

Published Mar 22, 2021• 19 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We present a complete theory for laser cooling of a macroscopic radio-frequency $\mathit{LC}$ electrical circuit by means of an optoelectromechanical system, consisting of an optical cavity dispersively coupled to a nanomechanical oscillator, which is in turn capacitively coupled to the $\mathit{LC}$ circuit of interest. The driven optical cavity cools the mechanical resonator, which in turn sympathetically cools the $\mathit{LC}$ circuit. We determine the optimal parameter regime where the $\mathit{LC}$ resonator can be cooled down to its quantum ground state, which requires a large optomechanical cooperativity, and a larger electromechanical cooperativity. Moreover, comparable optomechanical and electromechanical coupling rates are preferable for reaching the quantum ground state.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.103.033516

Related papers

Ground state cooling of a radio-frequency LC circuit in an optoelectromechanical system

Nicola Malossi, Paolo Piergentili, Jie Li +4 more

We present a complete theory for laser cooling of a macroscopic radio-frequency LC electrical circuit by means of an optoelectromechanical system, consisting of an optical cavity dispersively coupled to a nanomechanical oscillator, which is in turn capacitively coupled to the LC circuit of interest. We determine the optimal parameter regime where the LC resonator can be cooled down to its quantum ground state, which requires a large optomechanical cooperativity, and a larger electromechanical cooperativity. Moreover, comparable optomechanical and electromechanical coupling rates are preferable for reaching the quantum ground state.

Bulletin of the American Physical Society•Sep 9, 2020•1 citation

Simultaneous cooling and synchronization of the mechanical and the radio-frequency resonators via voltage modulation

Liang Wang, Wei Zhang, Shutian Liu +2 more

Abstract We explore the ground state cooling and quantum synchronization of the mechanical and low-frequency inductor-capacitor (LC) resonators in a hybrid three-mode optoelectromechanical system, in which the mechanical resonator is optically and capacitively coupled to the optical cavity and the LC circuit, respectively. We find that when the bias voltage modulation switch is incorporated into the direct current (DC) bias voltage, ground state cooling and quantum synchronization can be simultaneously achieved regardless of whether the mechanical resonator and the low-frequency LC resonator have the identical frequency. Furthermore, we elucidate the relationship between quantum synchronization and ground state cooling of the two resonators, that is, the simultaneous ground state cooling of the resonators must be accompanied by quantum synchronization. Our work may open up an alternative approach to the simultaneous ground state cooling and quantum synchronization of multiple resonators, which has fewer parametric limitations.

EPJ Quantum Technology•Sep 11, 2023•3 citations

Photon-pressure coupling with a hot radio-frequency circuit in the quantum regime

Ines Corveira Rodrigues, Daniel Bothner, Gary Alexander Steele

Quantum control over a physical system requires thermal fluctuations and thermal decoherence to be negligible, which becomes more challenging with decreasing natural frequencies of the target system. For microwave circuits, the quantum regime can be reached simply by cooling them to mK temperatures. Radio-frequency (RF) systems in the MHz regime, however, require further cooling or have to be coupled to an auxiliary quantum system with a coupling rate exceeding their thermal decoherence rate. A powerful tool to cool below the thermodynamic bath temperature is sideband-cooling, a technique that originated from the field of trapped ions and cold atoms and that has been applied in cavity optomechanics for groundstate cooling of mechanical motion. Here, we engineer a system of two superconducting LC circuits coupled by a current-mediated photon-pressure interaction and demonstrate sideband-cooling of a hot RF circuit using a microwave cavity and the regime of quantum-coherent coupling between the circuits. Due to a dramatically increased coupling strength, we obtain a large single-photon quantum cooperativity $\mathcal{C}_{\mathrm{q}0} \sim 1$ and reduce the residual thermal RF occupancy by 75% through sideband-cooling with less than a single pump photon. For larger pump powers, the photon-pressure coupling rate exceeds the RF thermal decoherence rate by a factor of three and the RF circuit is cooled into the quantum groundstate. Our results demonstrate photon-pressure coupling with a hot radio-frequency circuit in the quantum regime and lay the foundation for radio-frequency quantum photonics.

•Oct 15, 2020•0 citations

Ground-state cooling of a mechanical oscillator via a hybrid electro-optomechanical system

Roson Nongthombam, Ambaresh Sahoo, Amarendra K. Sarma

We present a scheme for ground-state cooling of a mechanical resonator by simultaneously coupling it to a superconducting qubit and a cavity field. The Hamiltonian describing the hybrid system dynamics is systematically derived. The cooling process is driven by a red-detuned ac drive on the qubit and a laser drive on the optomechanical cavity. We have investigated cooling in the weak and the strong coupling regimes for both the individual system, i.e., qubit assisted cooling and optomechanical cooling, and compared them with the effective hybrid cooling. We show that in the weak coupling and resolved sideband regime, cooling is more efficient in the hybrid case for a specific choice of parameters. On the other hand, in the strong coupling, the hybrid cooling is found to be more effective compared to the individual cooling mechanisms in the resolved regimes.

arXiv:2107.00510•Physical Review A•Aug 13, 2021•19 citations

Stationary quantum entanglement between a massive mechanical membrane and a low frequency LC circuit

Jie Li, Simon Gröblacher

Abstract We study electro-mechanical entanglement in a system where a massive membrane is capacitively coupled to a low frequency LC resonator. In opto- and electro-mechanics, the entanglement between a megahertz (MHz) mechanical resonator and a gigahertz (GHz) microwave LC resonator has been widely and well explored, and recently experimentally demonstrated. Typically, coupling is realized through a radiation pressure-like interaction, and entanglement is generated by adopting an appropriate microwave drive. Through this approach it is however not evident how to create entanglement in the case where both the mechanical and LC oscillators are of low frequency, e.g., around 1 MHz. Here we provide an effective approach to entangling two low-frequency resonators by further coupling the membrane to an optical cavity. The cavity is strongly driven by a red-detuned laser, sequentially cooling the mechanical and electrical modes, which results in stationary electro-mechanical entanglement at experimentally achievable temperatures. The entanglement directly originates from the electro-mechanical coupling itself and due to its quantum nature will allow testing quantum theories at a more macroscopic scale than currently possible.

arXiv:2002.03345•New Journal of Physics•May 6, 2020•17 citations

Ground-state cooling of mechanical resonators

Ivar Martin, Alexander Shnirman, Lin Tian +1 more

We propose an application of a single Cooper pair box (Josephson qubit) for active cooling of nanomechanical resonators. Latest experiments with Josephson qubits demonstrated that long coherence time of the order of microsecond can be achieved in special symmetry points. Here we show that this level of coherence is sufficient to perform an analog of the well known in quantum optics ``laser'' cooling of a nanomechanical resonator capacitively coupled to the qubit. By applying an ac driving to the qubit or the resonator, resonators with frequency of order 100 MHz and quality factors higher than ${10}^{3}$ can be efficiently cooled down to their ground state, while lower-frequency resonators can be cooled down to micro-Kelvin temperatures. We also consider an alternative setup where dc-voltage-induced Josephson oscillations play the role of the ac driving and show that cooling is possible in this case as well.

arXiv:cond-mat/0310229•Physical Review B•Mar 30, 2004•180 citations
We present a complete theory for laser cooling of a macroscopic radio-frequency LC\mathit{LC}LC electrical circuit by means of an optoelectromechanical system, consisting of an optical cavity dispersively coupled to a nanomechanical oscillator, which is in turn capacitively coupled to the LC\mathit{LC}LC circuit of interest. The driven optical cavity cools the mechanical resonator, which in turn sympathetically cools the LC\mathit{LC}LC circuit. We determine the optimal parameter regime where the LC\mathit{LC}LC resonator can be cooled down to its quantum ground state, which requires a large optomechanical cooperativity, and a larger electromechanical cooperativity. Moreover, comparable optomechanical and electromechanical coupling rates are preferable for reaching the quantum ground state.
We present a complete theory for laser cooling of a macroscopic radio-frequency LC electrical circuit by means of an optoelectromechanical system, consisting of an optical cavity dispersively coupled to a nanomechanical oscillator, which is in turn capacitively coupled to the LC circuit of interest. We determine the optimal parameter regime where the LC resonator can be cooled down to its quantum ground state, which requires a large optomechanical cooperativity, and a larger electromechanical cooperativity. Moreover, comparable optomechanical and electromechanical coupling rates are preferable for reaching the quantum ground state.
Abstract We explore the ground state cooling and quantum synchronization of the mechanical and low-frequency inductor-capacitor (LC) resonators in a hybrid three-mode optoelectromechanical system, in which the mechanical resonator is optically and capacitively coupled to the optical cavity and the LC circuit, respectively. We find that when the bias voltage modulation switch is incorporated into the direct current (DC) bias voltage, ground state cooling and quantum synchronization can be simultaneously achieved regardless of whether the mechanical resonator and the low-frequency LC resonator have the identical frequency. Furthermore, we elucidate the relationship between quantum synchronization and ground state cooling of the two resonators, that is, the simultaneous ground state cooling of the resonators must be accompanied by quantum synchronization. Our work may open up an alternative approach to the simultaneous ground state cooling and quantum synchronization of multiple resonators, which has fewer parametric limitations.
Quantum control over a physical system requires thermal fluctuations and thermal decoherence to be negligible, which becomes more challenging with decreasing natural frequencies of the target system. For microwave circuits, the quantum regime can be reached simply by cooling them to mK temperatures. Radio-frequency (RF) systems in the MHz regime, however, require further cooling or have to be coupled to an auxiliary quantum system with a coupling rate exceeding their thermal decoherence rate. A powerful tool to cool below the thermodynamic bath temperature is sideband-cooling, a technique that originated from the field of trapped ions and cold atoms and that has been applied in cavity optomechanics for groundstate cooling of mechanical motion. Here, we engineer a system of two superconducting LC circuits coupled by a current-mediated photon-pressure interaction and demonstrate sideband-cooling of a hot RF circuit using a microwave cavity and the regime of quantum-coherent coupling between the circuits. Due to a dramatically increased coupling strength, we obtain a large single-photon quantum cooperativity Cq0∼1\mathcal{C}_{\mathrm{q}0} \sim 1Cq0​∼1 and reduce the residual thermal RF occupancy by 75% through sideband-cooling with less than a single pump photon. For larger pump powers, the photon-pressure coupling rate exceeds the RF thermal decoherence rate by a factor of three and the RF circuit is cooled into the quantum groundstate. Our results demonstrate photon-pressure coupling with a hot radio-frequency circuit in the quantum regime and lay the foundation for radio-frequency quantum photonics.
We present a scheme for ground-state cooling of a mechanical resonator by simultaneously coupling it to a superconducting qubit and a cavity field. The Hamiltonian describing the hybrid system dynamics is systematically derived. The cooling process is driven by a red-detuned ac drive on the qubit and a laser drive on the optomechanical cavity. We have investigated cooling in the weak and the strong coupling regimes for both the individual system, i.e., qubit assisted cooling and optomechanical cooling, and compared them with the effective hybrid cooling. We show that in the weak coupling and resolved sideband regime, cooling is more efficient in the hybrid case for a specific choice of parameters. On the other hand, in the strong coupling, the hybrid cooling is found to be more effective compared to the individual cooling mechanisms in the resolved regimes.
Abstract We study electro-mechanical entanglement in a system where a massive membrane is capacitively coupled to a low frequency LC resonator. In opto- and electro-mechanics, the entanglement between a megahertz (MHz) mechanical resonator and a gigahertz (GHz) microwave LC resonator has been widely and well explored, and recently experimentally demonstrated. Typically, coupling is realized through a radiation pressure-like interaction, and entanglement is generated by adopting an appropriate microwave drive. Through this approach it is however not evident how to create entanglement in the case where both the mechanical and LC oscillators are of low frequency, e.g., around 1 MHz. Here we provide an effective approach to entangling two low-frequency resonators by further coupling the membrane to an optical cavity. The cavity is strongly driven by a red-detuned laser, sequentially cooling the mechanical and electrical modes, which results in stationary electro-mechanical entanglement at experimentally achievable temperatures. The entanglement directly originates from the electro-mechanical coupling itself and due to its quantum nature will allow testing quantum theories at a more macroscopic scale than currently possible.
We propose an application of a single Cooper pair box (Josephson qubit) for active cooling of nanomechanical resonators. Latest experiments with Josephson qubits demonstrated that long coherence time of the order of microsecond can be achieved in special symmetry points. Here we show that this level of coherence is sufficient to perform an analog of the well known in quantum optics ``laser'' cooling of a nanomechanical resonator capacitively coupled to the qubit. By applying an ac driving to the qubit or the resonator, resonators with frequency of order 100 MHz and quality factors higher than 103{10}^{3}103 can be efficiently cooled down to their ground state, while lower-frequency resonators can be cooled down to micro-Kelvin temperatures. We also consider an alternative setup where dc-voltage-induced Josephson oscillations play the role of the ac driving and show that cooling is possible in this case as well.