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arXiv:2008.13641 · Journal of Physics Condensed Matter

Single-ion anisotropy effects on the critical behaviors of quantum entanglement and correlation in the spin-1 Heisenberg chain

Wanxing Lin, Yu-Liang Xu, Zhongqiang Liu, Chun-Yang Wang, Xiang-Mu Kong

Published Jun 10, 2021• 6 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Abstract Quantum entanglement and correlations in the spin-1 Heisenberg chain with single-ion anisotropy are investigated using the quantum renormalization group method. Negativity and quantum discord (QD) are calculated with various anisotropy parameters △ and single-ion anisotropy parameters D . We focus on the relations between two abovementioned physical quantities and on transitions between the Néel, Haldane, and large- D phases. It is found that both negativity and QD exhibit step-like patterns in different phases as the size of the system increases. Interestingly, the single-ion anisotropy parameter D , which can be modulated using nuclear electric resonance (2020 Nature 579 205), plays an important role in tuning the quantum phase transition (QPT) of the system. Both the first partial derivative of the negativity and QD with respect to D or △ exhibit nonanalytic behavior at the phase transition points, which corresponds directly to the divergence of the correlation length. The quantum correlation critical exponents derived from negativity and QD are equal, and are the reciprocal of the correlation length exponent at each critical point. This work extends the application of quantum entanglement and correlations as tools for depicting QPTs in spin-1 systems.

DOI
10.1088/1361-648x/ac0a19

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Abstract Quantum entanglement and correlations in the spin-1 Heisenberg chain with single-ion anisotropy are investigated using the quantum renormalization group method. Negativity and quantum discord (QD) are calculated with various anisotropy parameters △ and single-ion anisotropy parameters D . We focus on the relations between two abovementioned physical quantities and on transitions between the Néel, Haldane, and large- D phases. It is found that both negativity and QD exhibit step-like patterns in different phases as the size of the system increases. Interestingly, the single-ion anisotropy parameter D , which can be modulated using nuclear electric resonance (2020 Nature 579 205), plays an important role in tuning the quantum phase transition (QPT) of the system. Both the first partial derivative of the negativity and QD with respect to D or △ exhibit nonanalytic behavior at the phase transition points, which corresponds directly to the divergence of the correlation length. The quantum correlation critical exponents derived from negativity and QD are equal, and are the reciprocal of the correlation length exponent at each critical point. This work extends the application of quantum entanglement and correlations as tools for depicting QPTs in spin-1 systems.
Abstract Using the quantum renormalization group approach, we have investigated the entanglement and critical behavior of an anisotropic XXZ Heisenberg spin chain. The resolution of the quantum renormalization equations yields stable and unstable fixed points, corresponding respectively to the phases and critical point of the system. It is shown that a quantum phase transition exists at a critical anisotropy parameter , separating the Néel phase from the spin-fluid phase. Then, the concurrence between two blocks of sites and the quantum coherence have been calculated and presented for various renormalization group iterations. In the thermodynamic limit, i.e. , for higher renormalization steps, the concurrence and coherence exhibit two different saturated values in the two regions separated by Δ c . The first derivative of concurrence diverges at the critical point as the size of the chain increases, showing nonanalytic behavior. Moreover, the scaling behavior has been examined near the critical point with some universal exponential scaling laws.
We have applied our recent approach [M. Kargarian et al., Phys. Rev. A 76, 060304(R) (2007)] to study the quantum-information properties of the anisotropic s=1/2s=1/2s=1/2 Heisenberg chain. We have investigated the underlying quantum-information properties such as the evolution of concurrence, entanglement entropy, nonanalytic behaviors, and the scaling close to the quantum critical point of the model. Both the concurrence and the entanglement entropy develop two saturated values after enough iterations of the renormalization of coupling constants. These values are associated with the two different phases, i.e., N\'eel and spin liquid phases. The nonanalytic behavior comes from the divergence of the first derivative of both measures of entanglement as the size of the system becomes large. The renormalization scheme demonstrates how the minimum value of the first derivative and its position scales with an exponent of the system size. It is shown that this exponent is directly related to the critical properties of the model, i.e., the exponent governing the divergence of the correlation length close to the quantum critical point. We also use a renormalization method based on the quantum group concept in order to get more insight about the critical properties of the model and the renormalization of entanglement.
In this paper, we address the tripartite quantum discord for the Heisenberg XY chain with the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya (DM) interaction using the quantum renormalization-group (QRG) method. In thermodynamic limit, like the entanglement, the tripartite discord exhibits the quantum phase transition (QPT) between the spin-fluid and the Neel phases. The effect of the DM interaction and the anisotropy on the features of the tripartite quantum discord has been probed. It is noted that the DM interaction brings the critical point earlier and affects heavily with the size of the system. Moreover, the system requires a larger number of the iterations to achieve the QPT for the tripartite quantum discord as compared to the entanglement.
We use the quantum renormalization-group (QRG) method to study the entanglement and quantum phase transition (QPT) in the one-dimensional spin-1/2 Heisenberg—Ising model [Lieb E, Schultz T and Mattis D 1961 Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 16 407]. We find the quantum phase boundary of this model by investigating the evolution of concurrence in terms of QRG iterations. We also investigate the scaling behavior of the system close to the quantum critical point, which shows that the minimum value of the first derivative of concurrence and the position of the minimum scale with an exponent of the system size. Also, the first derivative of concurrence between two blocks diverges at the quantum critical point, which is directly associated with the divergence of the correlation length.
We examine the ability of quantum discord (QD) and entanglements (concurrence, EoF and negativity) to detect the critical points associated to quantum phase transitions (QPTs) for XY models, i.e., the isotropic XY model with three-spin interactions at zero temperature, and the anisotropic XY model in a transverse magnetic field h at finite temperatures. For the case of zero temperature, we found that both entanglements and QD can spotlight the critical points of QPTs for these two models. Moreover, QD versus distance M exhibits the long-range behavior of quantum correlation for the anisotropic XY model, while entanglement is short-ranged. For the case of finite temperatures, we found that negativity has the same behaviors with concurrence at or near transition points. Moreover, QD for the anisotropic XY model can increase with temperature even in the absence of a magnetic field.
We study the phase diagram of a spin-1 antiferromagnetic chain with isotropic antiferromagnetic interactions decaying with a power law $\ensuremath{\propto}{r}^{\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\alpha}}$ $(\ensuremath{\alpha}\ensuremath{\ge}1)$ accompanied by modulated single-ion anisotropy. Employing the techniques of the density-matrix renormalization group, the effects of long-range interactions and single-ion anisotropy on a variety of correlations are investigated. In order to check the consistency, the fidelity susceptibilities are evaluated across quantum phase transitions. The quantum critical points are faithfully detected and orders of phase transitions are determined. The correlation-length critical exponent is extracted from scaling functions of the fidelity susceptibility. The presence of long-range interactions leads to a quantitative change of the phase boundaries and reduces the order of the phase transition under certain conditions. A direct first-order transition between the periodic N\'eel phase and the large-DDD phase occurs for slowly decaying antiferromagnetic interactions.