Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:2008.07617

Comparative study of variational quantum circuit and quantum backpropagation multilayer perceptron for COVID-19 outbreak predictions

Pranav Kairon, Siddhartha Bhattacharyya

Published Aug 8, 2020• 1 citation
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

There are numerous models of quantum neural networks that have been applied to variegated problems such as image classification, pattern recognition etc.Quantum inspired algorithms have been relevant for quite awhile. More recently, in the NISQ era, hybrid quantum classical models have shown promising results. Multi-feature regression is common problem in classical machine learning. Hence we present a comparative analysis of continuous variable quantum neural networks (Variational circuits) and quantum backpropagating multi layer perceptron (QBMLP). We have chosen the contemporary problem of predicting rise in COVID-19 cases in India and USA. We provide a statistical comparison between two models , both of which perform better than the classical artificial neural networks.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2008.07617

Related papers

Variational Quantum Neural Networks (VQNNS) in Image Classification

Meghashrita Das, Tirupati Bolisetti

Quantum machine learning has established as an interdisciplinary field to overcome limitations of classical machine learning and neural networks. This is a field of research which can prove that quantum computers are able to solve problems with complex correlations between inputs that can be hard for classical computers. This suggests that learning models made on quantum computers may be more powerful for applications, potentially faster computation and better generalization on less data. The objective of this paper is to investigate how training of quantum neural network (QNNs) can be done using quantum optimization algorithms for improving the performance and time complexity of QNNs. A classical neural network can be partially quantized to create a hybrid quantum-classical neural network which is used mainly in classification and image recognition. In this paper, a QNN structure is made where a variational parameterized circuit is incorporated as an input layer named as Variational Quantum Neural Network (VQNNs). We encode the cost function of QNNs onto relative phases of a superposition state in the Hilbert space of the network parameters. The parameters are tuned with an iterative quantum approximate optimisation (QAOA) mixer and problem hamiltonians. VQNNs is experimented with MNIST digit recognition (less complex) and crack image classification datasets (more complex) which converges the computation in lesser time than QNN with decent training accuracy.

arXiv:2303.05860•Mar 10, 2023•6 citations

Multiclass classification using quantum convolutional neural networks with hybrid quantum-classical learning

Denis Bokhan, Alena S. Mastiukova, Aleksey S. Boev +2 more

Multiclass classification is of great interest for various applications, for example, it is a common task in computer vision, where one needs to categorize an image into three or more classes. Here we propose a quantum machine learning approach based on quantum convolutional neural networks for solving the multiclass classification problem. The corresponding learning procedure is implemented via TensorFlowQuantum as a hybrid quantum-classical (variational) model, where quantum output results are fed to the softmax activation function with the subsequent minimization of the cross entropy loss via optimizing the parameters of the quantum circuit. Our conceptional improvements here include a new model for a quantum perceptron and an optimized structure of the quantum circuit. We use the proposed approach to solve a 4-class classification problem for the case of the MNIST dataset using eight qubits for data encoding and four ancilla qubits; previous results have been obtained for 3-class classification problems. Our results show that the accuracy of our solution is similar to classical convolutional neural networks with comparable numbers of trainable parameters. We expect that our findings will provide a new step toward the use of quantum neural networks for solving relevant problems in the NISQ era and beyond.

arXiv:2203.15368•Frontiers in Physics•Nov 23, 2022•81 citations

HCQNSC: a hybrid classical-quantum neural network for text sentiment classification

Tingyu Liu, Ying Li, Jing-Tao Wang +1 more

Combining variational quantum circuits with classical neural network models is a potential direction for quantum natural language processing (QNLP) in the NISQ (Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum) era. We propose a hybrid classical-quantum neural network that enhances a transformer architecture in two key ways: first, by incorporating optimized variational quantum circuits into the self-attention and multilayer perceptron components, and second, by integrating a hybrid convolutional module for effective dimensionality reduction which can reduce the quantum resources required for subsequent layers and enhances the model’s trainability by mitigating issues like the barren plateau phenomenon, thus making it feasible to construct a deeper and more powerful network architecture. Our experiments on three widely-used sentiment analysis datasets demonstrate that the proposed model achieves comparable or even superior performance in terms of accuracy and F1 score compared to classical transformer-based sentiment classification models with similar structures, while reducing the number of parameters through the utilization of quantum advantages.

EPJ Quantum Technology•Apr 21, 2026•0 citations

Quantum AI vs. Classical AI: A Comparative Analysis

Neelesh Kumar, Rashmi Gupta

Classical Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly deep learning, has become a transformative agent in many fields. However, as data complexity grows, classical hardware faces significant challenges with inherently exponential problems. Quantum AI (QAI), or Quantum Machine Learning (QML), emerges as a new computational paradigm leveraging quantum mechanics to tackle this complexity. This paper presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of classical and quantum AI. We compare their foundational computational principles, data representation methods, core algorithmic strengths, and most suitable problem domains. The analysis highlights that while state-of-the-art classical models like Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks remain dominant for high-accuracy regression tasks (achieving very low error metrics), quantum models such as Variational Quantum Classifiers (VQC) demonstrate significant promise for complex classification and pattern recognition tasks (achieving promising accuracy). We further discuss the practical limitations within the current Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era and conclude that the most pragmatic path forward lies in hybrid quantum-classical systems, where each paradigm is used to augment the other's capabilities.

International Journal of Innovative Research in Engineering & Management•Dec 1, 2025•0 citations

Hybrid Quantum-Classical Neural Networks and its Hyperparameter Optimization-A Study

R Adithya, Joyline Dsa, Adarsh Rag S +1 more

In recent years, the field of machine learning has witnessed a paradigm shift with the emergence of hybrid quantum-classical neural networks. These networks combine the power of classical neural networks with the computational advantages offered by quantum variational circuits. This study presents a comprehensive survey of hybrid quantum-classical machine learning algorithms, focusing on their architecture, performance, and hyperparameter optimization techniques. Introducing the concept of hybrid quantum-classical machine learning and its significance in contemporary image classification tasks. It explores the theoretical foundations of quantum variational circuits and their integration with classical neural network architectures. Special attention is given to prominent algorithms such as Quantum Convolutional Neural Networks, Quanvolutional Neural Networks, and Quantum ResNet, each offering unique advantages in image classification tasks. A major aspect covered in this study is the hyperparameter optimization techniques employed in hybrid quantum-classical machine learning. The chapter discusses quantum-inspired optimization methods tailored for efficiently tuning the hyperparameters of complex neural network models. Through comparative analysis, the effectiveness of these optimization techniques is demonstrated in reducing computational overhead and improving model performance. Moreover, the study also delves into experimental results obtained from benchmarking hybrid quantum-classical models against traditional classical approaches. It highlights the accuracy variations observed across different quantum architectures and explores the impact of architectural permutations on model convergence. Insights gained from these experiments provide valuable guidance for researchers and practitioners seeking to leverage hybrid quantum-classical neural networks in real-world applications.

International Conference on Computing, Semiconductor, Mechatronics, Intelligent Systems and Communications (COSMIC)•Nov 22, 2024•1 citation

Time-Series Forecasting Using Continuous Variables-Based Quantum Neural Networks

Prabhat Anand, M Girish Chandra, Ankit Khandelwal

Continuous Variable-based Quantum Computing (CVQC) has been developing at speed with a lot of promise in the field of quantum machine learning. It provides a direct and natural way to accommodate continuous values into the quantum computing framework. We carried out experiments on quantum simulators where we compared the results of time series forecasting on a type of continuous-variable quantum variational circuit, called CV-Quantum Neural Networks (CVQNN) for different types of time series like Energy Consumption data and stock price data. We compared their performance with a discrete variable-based variational quantum algorithm as well as with a classical Neural Network. Experiments showed that CVQNN can function just like a neural network but with a lesser number of parameters while tackling the two obstacles that are faced in qubit-based computing, which are, tackling continuous values and introducing controlled non-linearity into the circuits. We used the circuit for multi-step forecasting that performed better for a larger prediction window than one-step forecasting done iteratively on the predicted data. The resembling architecture of CVQNN with that of a neural network offers the flexibility of using a similar structure for both one-step and multi-step forecasting.

International Conference on Communication Systems & Networks (COMSNETS)•Jan 3, 2024•4 citations
There are numerous models of quantum neural networks that have been applied to variegated problems such as image classification, pattern recognition etc.Quantum inspired algorithms have been relevant for quite awhile. More recently, in the NISQ era, hybrid quantum classical models have shown promising results. Multi-feature regression is common problem in classical machine learning. Hence we present a comparative analysis of continuous variable quantum neural networks (Variational circuits) and quantum backpropagating multi layer perceptron (QBMLP). We have chosen the contemporary problem of predicting rise in COVID-19 cases in India and USA. We provide a statistical comparison between two models , both of which perform better than the classical artificial neural networks.
Quantum machine learning has established as an interdisciplinary field to overcome limitations of classical machine learning and neural networks. This is a field of research which can prove that quantum computers are able to solve problems with complex correlations between inputs that can be hard for classical computers. This suggests that learning models made on quantum computers may be more powerful for applications, potentially faster computation and better generalization on less data. The objective of this paper is to investigate how training of quantum neural network (QNNs) can be done using quantum optimization algorithms for improving the performance and time complexity of QNNs. A classical neural network can be partially quantized to create a hybrid quantum-classical neural network which is used mainly in classification and image recognition. In this paper, a QNN structure is made where a variational parameterized circuit is incorporated as an input layer named as Variational Quantum Neural Network (VQNNs). We encode the cost function of QNNs onto relative phases of a superposition state in the Hilbert space of the network parameters. The parameters are tuned with an iterative quantum approximate optimisation (QAOA) mixer and problem hamiltonians. VQNNs is experimented with MNIST digit recognition (less complex) and crack image classification datasets (more complex) which converges the computation in lesser time than QNN with decent training accuracy.
Multiclass classification is of great interest for various applications, for example, it is a common task in computer vision, where one needs to categorize an image into three or more classes. Here we propose a quantum machine learning approach based on quantum convolutional neural networks for solving the multiclass classification problem. The corresponding learning procedure is implemented via TensorFlowQuantum as a hybrid quantum-classical (variational) model, where quantum output results are fed to the softmax activation function with the subsequent minimization of the cross entropy loss via optimizing the parameters of the quantum circuit. Our conceptional improvements here include a new model for a quantum perceptron and an optimized structure of the quantum circuit. We use the proposed approach to solve a 4-class classification problem for the case of the MNIST dataset using eight qubits for data encoding and four ancilla qubits; previous results have been obtained for 3-class classification problems. Our results show that the accuracy of our solution is similar to classical convolutional neural networks with comparable numbers of trainable parameters. We expect that our findings will provide a new step toward the use of quantum neural networks for solving relevant problems in the NISQ era and beyond.
Combining variational quantum circuits with classical neural network models is a potential direction for quantum natural language processing (QNLP) in the NISQ (Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum) era. We propose a hybrid classical-quantum neural network that enhances a transformer architecture in two key ways: first, by incorporating optimized variational quantum circuits into the self-attention and multilayer perceptron components, and second, by integrating a hybrid convolutional module for effective dimensionality reduction which can reduce the quantum resources required for subsequent layers and enhances the model’s trainability by mitigating issues like the barren plateau phenomenon, thus making it feasible to construct a deeper and more powerful network architecture. Our experiments on three widely-used sentiment analysis datasets demonstrate that the proposed model achieves comparable or even superior performance in terms of accuracy and F1 score compared to classical transformer-based sentiment classification models with similar structures, while reducing the number of parameters through the utilization of quantum advantages.
Classical Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly deep learning, has become a transformative agent in many fields. However, as data complexity grows, classical hardware faces significant challenges with inherently exponential problems. Quantum AI (QAI), or Quantum Machine Learning (QML), emerges as a new computational paradigm leveraging quantum mechanics to tackle this complexity. This paper presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of classical and quantum AI. We compare their foundational computational principles, data representation methods, core algorithmic strengths, and most suitable problem domains. The analysis highlights that while state-of-the-art classical models like Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks remain dominant for high-accuracy regression tasks (achieving very low error metrics), quantum models such as Variational Quantum Classifiers (VQC) demonstrate significant promise for complex classification and pattern recognition tasks (achieving promising accuracy). We further discuss the practical limitations within the current Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era and conclude that the most pragmatic path forward lies in hybrid quantum-classical systems, where each paradigm is used to augment the other's capabilities.
In recent years, the field of machine learning has witnessed a paradigm shift with the emergence of hybrid quantum-classical neural networks. These networks combine the power of classical neural networks with the computational advantages offered by quantum variational circuits. This study presents a comprehensive survey of hybrid quantum-classical machine learning algorithms, focusing on their architecture, performance, and hyperparameter optimization techniques. Introducing the concept of hybrid quantum-classical machine learning and its significance in contemporary image classification tasks. It explores the theoretical foundations of quantum variational circuits and their integration with classical neural network architectures. Special attention is given to prominent algorithms such as Quantum Convolutional Neural Networks, Quanvolutional Neural Networks, and Quantum ResNet, each offering unique advantages in image classification tasks. A major aspect covered in this study is the hyperparameter optimization techniques employed in hybrid quantum-classical machine learning. The chapter discusses quantum-inspired optimization methods tailored for efficiently tuning the hyperparameters of complex neural network models. Through comparative analysis, the effectiveness of these optimization techniques is demonstrated in reducing computational overhead and improving model performance. Moreover, the study also delves into experimental results obtained from benchmarking hybrid quantum-classical models against traditional classical approaches. It highlights the accuracy variations observed across different quantum architectures and explores the impact of architectural permutations on model convergence. Insights gained from these experiments provide valuable guidance for researchers and practitioners seeking to leverage hybrid quantum-classical neural networks in real-world applications.
Continuous Variable-based Quantum Computing (CVQC) has been developing at speed with a lot of promise in the field of quantum machine learning. It provides a direct and natural way to accommodate continuous values into the quantum computing framework. We carried out experiments on quantum simulators where we compared the results of time series forecasting on a type of continuous-variable quantum variational circuit, called CV-Quantum Neural Networks (CVQNN) for different types of time series like Energy Consumption data and stock price data. We compared their performance with a discrete variable-based variational quantum algorithm as well as with a classical Neural Network. Experiments showed that CVQNN can function just like a neural network but with a lesser number of parameters while tackling the two obstacles that are faced in qubit-based computing, which are, tackling continuous values and introducing controlled non-linearity into the circuits. We used the circuit for multi-step forecasting that performed better for a larger prediction window than one-step forecasting done iteratively on the predicted data. The resembling architecture of CVQNN with that of a neural network offers the flexibility of using a similar structure for both one-step and multi-step forecasting.