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arXiv:2005.01528

Correlation Imaging through a scattering medium: experiment and comparison with simulations of the biphoton wave function

Gnatiessoro Soro, Éric Lantz, A. Mosset, F. Devaux

Published May 4, 2020• 0 citations
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Abstract

We first extend our recent experiments of correlation imaging through scattering media to the case of a thick medium, composed of two phase scatterers placed respectively in the image and the Fourier planes of the crystal. The spatial correlations between twin photons are still detected but no more in the form of a speckle. Second, a numerical simulation of the biphoton wave function is developed and applied to our experimental situation, with a good agreement.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.2005.01528

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We first extend our recent experiments of correlation imaging through scattering media to the case of a thick medium, composed of two phase scatterers placed respectively in the image and the Fourier planes of the crystal. The spatial correlations between twin photons are still detected but no more in the form of a speckle. Second, a numerical simulation of the biphoton wave function is developed and applied to our experimental situation, with a good agreement.
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We image with cameras entangled photon light transmitted through a random medium. Near-field and far-field spatial quantum correlations show that entangled photon pairs (bi-photons) generated by spontaneous optical parametric down-conversion exhibit speckle pattern. In contrast, no information from the random medium can be extracted using incoherent light issued from one photon of the pair. Although these measurements require several hours to record thousands of image pairs, our method is instantaneous for the recording of one pair of twin images and involve all the photons of the images.
Wavefront shaping enables control of classical light through scattering media. Extending these techniques to spatially entangled photons promises new quantum applications, but their fundamental limits, especially when both photons scatter, remain unclear. Here, we theoretically and numerically investigate the enhancement of two-photon correlations in two specific output modes through thick scattering media. We analyze three configurations: shaping one photon after the medium, shaping both photons before the medium, and shaping both photons after the medium. We show that each configuration yields fundamentally different enhancements compared to classical expectations. For a system with N modes, we show that shaping one photon yields the classical enhancement η ≈ (π/4)N, while shaping both photons before the medium reduces it to η ≈ (π/4)2N. However, in some symmetric detection schemes, when both photons are measured at the same mode, perfect correlations are restored with η ≈ N, resembling digital optical phase conjugation. Conversely, shaping both photons after the medium leads to a complex, NP-hard-like optimization problem, yet achieves superior enhancements, up to η ≈ 4.6N. These results reveal unique quantum effects in complex media and identify strategies for quantum imaging and communication through scattering environments.