Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:2003.10659 · Optics Letters

Experimental quantum entanglement and teleportation by tuning remote spatial indistinguishability of independent photons

Kai Sun, Yan Wang, Zhenghao Liu, Xiao-Ye Xu, Jin‐Shi Xu, Chuan‐Feng Li, Guang‐Can Guo, Alessia Castellini, Farzam Nosrati, G. Compagno, Rosario Lo Franco

Published Oct 14, 2020• 39 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Quantitative control of spatial indistinguishability of identical subsystems as a direct quantum resource at distant sites has not yet been experimentally proven. We design a setup capable of tuning remote spatial indistinguishability of two independent photons by individually adjusting their spatial distribution in two distant regions, leading to polarization entanglement from uncorrelated photons. This is achieved by spatially localized operations and classical communication on photons that meet only at the detectors. The amount of entanglement depends uniquely on the degree of spatial indistinguishability, quantified by an entropic measure I , which enables teleportation with fidelities above the classical threshold. The results open the way to viable indistinguishability-enhanced quantum information processing.

DOI
10.1364/ol.401735

Related papers

Experimental remote entanglement distribution in a photonic quantum network through multinode indistinguishability

Yan Wang, Ze-Yan Hao, Zhenghao Liu +8 more

Photonic quantum networking relies on entanglement distribution between distant nodes, typically realized by swapping procedures. However, entanglement swapping is a demanding task in practice, mainly because of limited effectiveness of entangled photon sources and Bell-state measurements necessary to realize the process. Here we experimentally activate a remote distribution of two-photon polarization entanglement which supersedes the need for initial entangled pairs and traditional Bell-state measurements. This alternative procedure is accomplished thanks to the controlled spatial indistinguishability of four independent photons in three separated nodes of the network, which enables us to perform localized product-state measurements on the central node acting as a trigger. This experiment proves that the inherent indistinguishability of identical particles supplies new standards for feasible quantum communication in multinode photonic quantum networks.

•Jul 8, 2021•3 citations

Remote entanglement distribution in a quantum network via multinode indistinguishability of photons

Yan Wang, Ze-Yan Hao, Zhenghao Liu +8 more

Quantum networking relies on entanglement distribution between distant nodes, typically realized by swapping procedures. However, entanglement swapping is a demanding task in practice, mainly because of limited effectiveness of entangled photon sources and Bell-state measurements necessary to realize the process. Here we experimentally activate a remote distribution of two-photon polarization entanglement superseding the need for initial entangled pairs and traditional Bell-state measurements. This alternative procedure is accomplished thanks to the controlled spatial indistinguishability of four independent photons in three separated nodes of the network, which enables us to perform localized product-state measurements in the central node acting as a trigger. This experiment proves that the inherent indistinguishability of identical particles supply promising standards for feasible quantum communication in multinode photonic quantum networks.

arXiv:2107.03999•Physical Review A•Sep 14, 2022•18 citations

Indistinguishability as a quantum information resource by localized measurements

Alessia Castellini, Bruno Bellomo, Giuseppe Compagno +1 more

Quantum networks are typically made of identical subsystems. Exploiting indistinguishability as a direct quantum resource would thus be highly desirable. We show this is achievable by spatially localized measurements, enabling teleportation and entanglement swapping protocols.

Quantum Information and Measurement (QIM)•Jan 1, 2019•0 citations

Indistinguishability of Elementary Systems as a Resource for Quantum Information Processing

Rosario Lo Franco, G. Compagno

Typical elements of quantum networks are made by identical systems, which are the basic particles constituting a resource for quantum information processing. Whether the indistinguishability due to particle identity is an exploitable quantum resource remains an open issue. Here we study independently prepared identical particles showing that, when they spatially overlap, an operational entanglement exists that can be made manifest by means of separated localized measurements. We prove this entanglement is physical in that it can be directly exploited to activate quantum information protocols, such as teleportation. These results establish that particle indistinguishability is a utilizable quantum feature and open the way to new quantum-enhanced applications.

arXiv:1712.00706•Physical Review Letters•Jun 14, 2018•148 citations

Quantum remote implementation with polarization-temporal hyperentanglement

Mei-Yu Wang, Hao Guo, Fengli Yan +1 more

Remote implementation of quantum operation between two distant nodes is crucial for many quantum applications. Here we consider the implementation of an arbitrary single-photon operation upon a remote quantum system exploiting photon pairs simultaneously entangled in the polarization and temporal degrees of freedom, which is a fascinating resource in long-distance quantum communication with its outstanding merits. To improve the level of security for the above protocol, we also consider a controlled implementation of quantum operation scenario by adding a supervisor, which is necessary for distributed quantum computation in a quantum network. Both of the protocols can be fulfilled by bidirectional state teleportation with the aid of the effective cross-Kerr interaction. Furthermore, the simple construction circuits together with available existing optical elements and common single-photon detectors facilitate the realization of our protocols with current sufficient technologies.

Physical Review Applied•Oct 5, 2023•17 citations

Quantum Remote Implementation of Hybrid Operations on Hyperstates Using Hyperentangled States

Satish Kumar, Anirban Pathak

Quantum remote control, also known as quantum remote implementation of an operator (QRIO), enables the remote manipulation of an arbitrary quantum state by implementing a desired quantum operation at a distant location. Significant progress has recently been made in developing QRIO protocols and their variants. Most existing schemes employ hyperentangled states where entanglement is shared across multiple degrees of freedom (DOFs). However, these protocols typically exploit only one degree of freedom at a time. In this work, we propose a QRIO protocol that simultaneously utilizes the polarization and spatial DOFs of a two-qubit hyperentangled state to remotely implement an arbitrary hybrid operator on an unknown single-photon two-qubit hyperstate. The shared hyperentangled resource is realized using the polarization and spatial modes of photons, while the protocol is constructed using linear optical elements and cross-Kerr nonlinear interactions to facilitate effective photon-photon coupling. Furthermore, the effects of measurement errors arising from finite coherent state distinguishability and coherent state dissipation are analyzed and the corresponding success probability of the protocol is evaluated. The results demonstrate that an appropriate choice of the cross-Kerr phase shift and coherent state amplitude significantly enhances the protocol performance, making the proposed scheme a promising candidate for hybrid quantum communication and distributed quantum information processing.

quant-pharXiv:2607.14819•Jul 17, 2026•0 citations
Quantitative control of spatial indistinguishability of identical subsystems as a direct quantum resource at distant sites has not yet been experimentally proven. We design a setup capable of tuning remote spatial indistinguishability of two independent photons by individually adjusting their spatial distribution in two distant regions, leading to polarization entanglement from uncorrelated photons. This is achieved by spatially localized operations and classical communication on photons that meet only at the detectors. The amount of entanglement depends uniquely on the degree of spatial indistinguishability, quantified by an entropic measure I , which enables teleportation with fidelities above the classical threshold. The results open the way to viable indistinguishability-enhanced quantum information processing.
Photonic quantum networking relies on entanglement distribution between distant nodes, typically realized by swapping procedures. However, entanglement swapping is a demanding task in practice, mainly because of limited effectiveness of entangled photon sources and Bell-state measurements necessary to realize the process. Here we experimentally activate a remote distribution of two-photon polarization entanglement which supersedes the need for initial entangled pairs and traditional Bell-state measurements. This alternative procedure is accomplished thanks to the controlled spatial indistinguishability of four independent photons in three separated nodes of the network, which enables us to perform localized product-state measurements on the central node acting as a trigger. This experiment proves that the inherent indistinguishability of identical particles supplies new standards for feasible quantum communication in multinode photonic quantum networks.
Quantum networking relies on entanglement distribution between distant nodes, typically realized by swapping procedures. However, entanglement swapping is a demanding task in practice, mainly because of limited effectiveness of entangled photon sources and Bell-state measurements necessary to realize the process. Here we experimentally activate a remote distribution of two-photon polarization entanglement superseding the need for initial entangled pairs and traditional Bell-state measurements. This alternative procedure is accomplished thanks to the controlled spatial indistinguishability of four independent photons in three separated nodes of the network, which enables us to perform localized product-state measurements in the central node acting as a trigger. This experiment proves that the inherent indistinguishability of identical particles supply promising standards for feasible quantum communication in multinode photonic quantum networks.
Typical elements of quantum networks are made by identical systems, which are the basic particles constituting a resource for quantum information processing. Whether the indistinguishability due to particle identity is an exploitable quantum resource remains an open issue. Here we study independently prepared identical particles showing that, when they spatially overlap, an operational entanglement exists that can be made manifest by means of separated localized measurements. We prove this entanglement is physical in that it can be directly exploited to activate quantum information protocols, such as teleportation. These results establish that particle indistinguishability is a utilizable quantum feature and open the way to new quantum-enhanced applications.
Remote implementation of quantum operation between two distant nodes is crucial for many quantum applications. Here we consider the implementation of an arbitrary single-photon operation upon a remote quantum system exploiting photon pairs simultaneously entangled in the polarization and temporal degrees of freedom, which is a fascinating resource in long-distance quantum communication with its outstanding merits. To improve the level of security for the above protocol, we also consider a controlled implementation of quantum operation scenario by adding a supervisor, which is necessary for distributed quantum computation in a quantum network. Both of the protocols can be fulfilled by bidirectional state teleportation with the aid of the effective cross-Kerr interaction. Furthermore, the simple construction circuits together with available existing optical elements and common single-photon detectors facilitate the realization of our protocols with current sufficient technologies.
Quantum remote control, also known as quantum remote implementation of an operator (QRIO), enables the remote manipulation of an arbitrary quantum state by implementing a desired quantum operation at a distant location. Significant progress has recently been made in developing QRIO protocols and their variants. Most existing schemes employ hyperentangled states where entanglement is shared across multiple degrees of freedom (DOFs). However, these protocols typically exploit only one degree of freedom at a time. In this work, we propose a QRIO protocol that simultaneously utilizes the polarization and spatial DOFs of a two-qubit hyperentangled state to remotely implement an arbitrary hybrid operator on an unknown single-photon two-qubit hyperstate. The shared hyperentangled resource is realized using the polarization and spatial modes of photons, while the protocol is constructed using linear optical elements and cross-Kerr nonlinear interactions to facilitate effective photon-photon coupling. Furthermore, the effects of measurement errors arising from finite coherent state distinguishability and coherent state dissipation are analyzed and the corresponding success probability of the protocol is evaluated. The results demonstrate that an appropriate choice of the cross-Kerr phase shift and coherent state amplitude significantly enhances the protocol performance, making the proposed scheme a promising candidate for hybrid quantum communication and distributed quantum information processing.