arXiv:2003.02263 · Physical Review A

Branching fractions for P3/2 decays in Ba+

Zhiqiang Zhang, K. J. Arnold, Sapam Ranjita Chanu, R. Kaewuam, Marianna S. Safronova, M. D. Barrett

Published Jun 24, 2020• 16 citations

Abstract

Branching fractions for decays from the ${P}_{3/2}$ level in $^{138}\mathrm{Ba}^{+}$ have been measured with a single laser-cooled ion. Decay probabilities to ${S}_{1/2}$, ${D}_{3/2}$, and ${D}_{5/2}$ are determined to be 0.741716(71), 0.028031(23), and 0.230253(61), respectively, which are an order-of-magnitude improvement over previous results. Our methodology only involves optical pumping and state detection, and is hence relatively free of systematic effects. Measurements are carried out in two different ways to check for consistency. Our analysis also includes a measurement of the ${D}_{5/2}$ lifetime, for which we obtain 30.14(40) s.

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.101.062515

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arXiv:2003.02263 · Physical Review A

Branching fractions for P3/2 decays in Ba+

Zhiqiang Zhang, K. J. Arnold, Sapam Ranjita Chanu, R. Kaewuam, Marianna S. Safronova, M. D. Barrett

Published Jun 24, 2020• 16 citations

arXiv HTML PDF

Abstract

Branching fractions for decays from the

{P}_{3/2}

level in

^{138}\mathrm{Ba}^{+}

have been measured with a single laser-cooled ion. Decay probabilities to

{S}_{1/2}

{D}_{3/2}

, and

{D}_{5/2}

are determined to be 0.741716(71), 0.028031(23), and 0.230253(61), respectively, which are an order-of-magnitude improvement over previous results. Our methodology only involves optical pumping and state detection, and is hence relatively free of systematic effects. Measurements are carried out in two different ways to check for consistency. Our analysis also includes a measurement of the

{D}_{5/2}

lifetime, for which we obtain 30.14(40) s.

DOI: 10.1103/physreva.101.062515

Related papers

Measurement of the branching fractions and lifetime of the 5D5/2 level of Ba+

Carolyn Auchter, Thomas W. Noel, Matthew Hoffman +2 more

We present a measurement of the branching fractions for decay from the long-lived $5{D}_{5/2}$ level in ${^{138}\mathrm{Ba}}^{+}$ . The branching fraction for decay into the $6{S}_{1/2}$ ground state was found to be $0.846{(25)}_{\mathrm{stat}}{(4)}_{\mathrm{sys}}$ . We also report an improved measurement of the $5{D}_{5/2}$ lifetime, ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{5{D}_{5/2}}=31.2(0.9)$ s. Together these measurements provide an experimental determination of transition rates for decay out of the $5{D}_{5/2}$ level. The low ($<7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}12}$ Torr) pressure in the ion trap in which these measurements were made simplified data acquisition and analysis. Comparison of the experimental results with theoretical predictions of the transition rates shows good agreement.We present a measurement of the branching fractions for decay from the long-lived $5{D}_{5/2}$ level in ${^{138}\mathrm{Ba}}^{+}$. The branching fraction for decay into the $6{S}_{1/2}$ ground state was found to be $0.846{(25)}_{\mathrm{stat}}{(4)}_{\mathrm{sys}}$. We also report an improved measurement of the $5{D}_{5/2}$ lifetime, ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{5{D}_{5/2}}=31.2(0.9)$ s. Together these measurements provide an experimental determination of transition rates for decay out of the $5{D}_{5/2}$ level. The low ($<7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}12}$ Torr) pressure in the ion trap in which these measurements were made simplified data acquisition and analysis. Comparison of the experimental results with theoretical predictions of the transition rates shows good agreement.

arXiv:1409.0873Physical Review ADec 17, 201426 citations

Measurement of the 7p2P3/2 state branching fractions in Ra+

Mingyu Fan, C. A. Holliman, S. G. Porsev +2 more

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Combined experimental and theoretical probe of the branching fractions of the 4P3/2 state in Ca+40

Hong-Fang Song, Yong-Bo Tang, Shao‐Long Chen +4 more

In this work, we carry out experimental measurements and theoretical calculations of the branching fractions for the $4{P}_{3/2}$ state of $^{40}\mathrm{Ca}^{+}$ . The measurements are based on counting photon numbers emitted from hundreds of ions trapped in a linear Paul trap, as their being affected by lasers. The calculations are performed using the relativistic coupled-cluster method at different approximations. The measured values for the decays of the $4{P}_{3/2}$ state into the $4{S}_{1/2}$ , $3{D}_{5/2}$ , and $3{D}_{3/2}$ states are, respectively, 0.9350(4), 0.0587(4), and 0.0063(2), which agree well with our recommended theoretical values 0.9344(13), 0.0590(12), and 0.0066(1). Our measured values are also consistent with the experimental values of Gerritsma et al. [R. Gerritsma, G. Kirchmair, F. Z\"ahringer, J. Benhelm, R. Blatt, and C. F. Roos, Eur. Phys. J. D 50, 13 (2008)] using a completely different method. Furthermore, we also calculate the branching fractions of the $4{P}_{1/2}$ state using the same method, and compare to the available experimental and theoretical data.In this work, we carry out experimental measurements and theoretical calculations of the branching fractions for the $4{P}_{3/2}$ state of $^{40}\mathrm{Ca}^{+}$. The measurements are based on counting photon numbers emitted from hundreds of ions trapped in a linear Paul trap, as their being affected by lasers. The calculations are performed using the relativistic coupled-cluster method at different approximations. The measured values for the decays of the $4{P}_{3/2}$ state into the $4{S}_{1/2}$, $3{D}_{5/2}$, and $3{D}_{3/2}$ states are, respectively, 0.9350(4), 0.0587(4), and 0.0063(2), which agree well with our recommended theoretical values 0.9344(13), 0.0590(12), and 0.0066(1). Our measured values are also consistent with the experimental values of Gerritsma et al. [R. Gerritsma, G. Kirchmair, F. Z\"ahringer, J. Benhelm, R. Blatt, and C. F. Roos, Eur. Phys. J. D 50, 13 (2008)] using a completely different method. Furthermore, we also calculate the branching fractions of the $4{P}_{1/2}$ state using the same method, and compare to the available experimental and theoretical data.

Physical Review ANov 14, 20196 citations

Measurement of the branching ratio in the 6P3∕2 decay of BaII with a single trapped ion

Nathan Kurz, Matthew Dietrich, Gang Shu +4 more

We present a measurement of the branching ratios from the $6{P}_{3∕2}$ state of $\mathrm{Ba}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\mathrm{II}$ into all dipole-allowed decay channels ( $6{S}_{1∕2}$ , $5{D}_{3∕2}$ , and $5{D}_{5∕2}$ ). Measurements were performed on single $^{138}{\mathrm{Ba}}^{+}$ ions in a linear Paul trap with a frequency-doubled mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser resonant with the $6{S}_{1∕2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}6{P}_{3∕2}$ transition at $455\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$ by detection of electron shelving into the dark $5{D}_{5∕2}$ state. By driving a $\ensuremath{\pi}$ Rabi rotation with a single femtosecond pulse, an absolute measurement of the branching ratio to $5{D}_{5∕2}$ state was performed. Combined with a measurement of the relative decay rates into $5{D}_{3∕2}$ and $5{D}_{5∕2}$ states performed with long trains of highly attenuated $455\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$ pulses, it allowed the extraction of the absolute ratios of the other two decays. Relative strengths normalized to unity are found to be $0.756\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.046$, $0.0290\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0015$, and $0.215\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0064$ for $6{S}_{1∕2}$ , $5{D}_{3∕2}$ , and $5{D}_{5∕2}$ , respectively. This approximately constitutes a threefold improvement over the best previous measurements and is a sufficient level of precision to compare to calculated values for dipole matrix elements.We present a measurement of the branching ratios from the $6{P}_{3∕2}$ state of $\mathrm{Ba}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\mathrm{II}$ into all dipole-allowed decay channels ($6{S}_{1∕2}$, $5{D}_{3∕2}$, and $5{D}_{5∕2}$). Measurements were performed on single $^{138}{\mathrm{Ba}}^{+}$ ions in a linear Paul trap with a frequency-doubled mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser resonant with the $6{S}_{1∕2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}6{P}_{3∕2}$ transition at $455\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$ by detection of electron shelving into the dark $5{D}_{5∕2}$ state. By driving a $\ensuremath{\pi}$ Rabi rotation with a single femtosecond pulse, an absolute measurement of the branching ratio to $5{D}_{5∕2}$ state was performed. Combined with a measurement of the relative decay rates into $5{D}_{3∕2}$ and $5{D}_{5∕2}$ states performed with long trains of highly attenuated $455\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}$ pulses, it allowed the extraction of the absolute ratios of the other two decays. Relative strengths normalized to unity are found to be $0.756\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.046$, $0.0290\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0015$, and $0.215\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0064$ for $6{S}_{1∕2}$, $5{D}_{3∕2}$, and $5{D}_{5∕2}$, respectively. This approximately constitutes a threefold improvement over the best previous measurements and is a sufficient level of precision to compare to calculated values for dipole matrix elements.

arXiv:0804.4173Physical Review AJun 18, 200840 citations

Precision measurement of the branching fractions of the 5pP1/22 state in Sr+88 with a single ion in a microfabricated surface trap

J.-P. Likforman, Vincent Tugayé, S. Guibal +1 more

We measured the branching fractions for the decay of the $5p\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{2}P_{1/2}$ state of $^{88}\mathrm{Sr}^{+}$ by applying a recently demonstrated photon-counting sequential method [M. Ramm, T. Pruttivarasin, M. Kokish, I. Talukdar, and H. H\"affner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 023004 (2013)] to a single ion laser cooled in a microfabricated surface trap. The branching fraction for the decay into the $5s\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{2}S_{1/2}$ ground level was found to be $p=0.9449(5)$ . This result is in good agreement with recent theoretical calculations but disagrees with previous experimental measurements, however affected by a one-order-of-magnitude larger uncertainty. This experiment demonstrates that microtrap technology is also applicable in the domain of precision measurements and spectroscopy.We measured the branching fractions for the decay of the $5p\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{2}P_{1/2}$ state of $^{88}\mathrm{Sr}^{+}$ by applying a recently demonstrated photon-counting sequential method [M. Ramm, T. Pruttivarasin, M. Kokish, I. Talukdar, and H. H\"affner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 023004 (2013)] to a single ion laser cooled in a microfabricated surface trap. The branching fraction for the decay into the $5s\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{2}S_{1/2}$ ground level was found to be $p=0.9449(5)$. This result is in good agreement with recent theoretical calculations but disagrees with previous experimental measurements, however affected by a one-order-of-magnitude larger uncertainty. This experiment demonstrates that microtrap technology is also applicable in the domain of precision measurements and spectroscopy.

arXiv:1511.07686Physical Review AMay 10, 201624 citations

Lifetime of the 5d2D5/2 level of Ba+138 from quantum jumps with single and multiple Ba+ ions

Elwin Dijck, Amita Mohanty, Nivedya Valappol +3 more

The lifetime of the long-lived $5d{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{D}_{5/2}$ level in $^{138}\mathrm{Ba}^{+}$ ions was measured in trapped single ions and small ion crystals using continuous quantum jump spectroscopy. We find ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{{D}_{5/2}}=25.6(0.5)\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\text{s}$, significantly below previously reported values. We have verified our result by exploiting camera images of the stored ions, which enabled monitoring the cleanliness and sufficiently low temperature of the ion samples, and investigating common systematic effects.The lifetime of the long-lived $5d{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{D}_{5/2}$ level in $^{138}\mathrm{Ba}^{+}$ ions was measured in trapped single ions and small ion crystals using continuous quantum jump spectroscopy. We find ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{{D}_{5/2}}=25.6(0.5)\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\text{s}$, significantly below previously reported values. We have verified our result by exploiting camera images of the stored ions, which enabled monitoring the cleanliness and sufficiently low temperature of the ion samples, and investigating common systematic effects.

Physical Review AMar 14, 201810 citations

Branching fractions for decays from the

{P}_{3/2}

level in

^{138}\mathrm{Ba}^{+}

have been measured with a single laser-cooled ion. Decay probabilities to

{S}_{1/2}

{D}_{3/2}

, and

{D}_{5/2}

{D}_{5/2}

lifetime, for which we obtain 30.14(40) s.

We present a measurement of the branching fractions for decay from the long-lived

5{D}_{5/2}

level in

{^{138}\mathrm{Ba}}^{+}

. The branching fraction for decay into the

6{S}_{1/2}

ground state was found to be

0.846{(25)}_{\mathrm{stat}}{(4)}_{\mathrm{sys}}

. We also report an improved measurement of the

5{D}_{5/2}

lifetime, ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{5{D}_{5/2}}=31.2(0.9)$ s. Together these measurements provide an experimental determination of transition rates for decay out of the

5{D}_{5/2}

level. The low ($<7\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}12}$ Torr) pressure in the ion trap in which these measurements were made simplified data acquisition and analysis. Comparison of the experimental results with theoretical predictions of the transition rates shows good agreement.

We report a measurement of the radium ion's

7p\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{2}P_{3/2}

state branching fractions and improved theoretical calculations. With a single laser-cooled

{}^{226}{\mathrm{Ra}}^{+}

ion we measure the

{P}_{3/2}

branching fractions to the

7s\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{2}S_{1/2}

ground state

0.876\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}78(20)

, the

6d\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{2}D_{5/2}

state

0.107\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}59(10)

, and the

6d\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{2}D_{3/2}

state

0.015\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}63(21)

In this work, we carry out experimental measurements and theoretical calculations of the branching fractions for the

4{P}_{3/2}

state of

^{40}\mathrm{Ca}^{+}

. The measurements are based on counting photon numbers emitted from hundreds of ions trapped in a linear Paul trap, as their being affected by lasers. The calculations are performed using the relativistic coupled-cluster method at different approximations. The measured values for the decays of the

4{P}_{3/2}

state into the

4{S}_{1/2}

3{D}_{5/2}

, and

3{D}_{3/2}

states are, respectively, 0.9350(4), 0.0587(4), and 0.0063(2), which agree well with our recommended theoretical values 0.9344(13), 0.0590(12), and 0.0066(1). Our measured values are also consistent with the experimental values of Gerritsma et al. [R. Gerritsma, G. Kirchmair, F. Z\"ahringer, J. Benhelm, R. Blatt, and C. F. Roos, Eur. Phys. J. D 50, 13 (2008)] using a completely different method. Furthermore, we also calculate the branching fractions of the

4{P}_{1/2}

state using the same method, and compare to the available experimental and theoretical data.

We present a measurement of the branching ratios from the

6{P}_{3∕2}

state of

\mathrm{Ba}\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\mathrm{II}

into all dipole-allowed decay channels (

6{S}_{1∕2}

5{D}_{3∕2}

, and

5{D}_{5∕2}

). Measurements were performed on single

^{138}{\mathrm{Ba}}^{+}

ions in a linear Paul trap with a frequency-doubled mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser resonant with the $6{S}_{1∕2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}6{P}_{3∕2}$ transition at

455\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}

by detection of electron shelving into the dark

5{D}_{5∕2}

state. By driving a $\ensuremath{\pi}$ Rabi rotation with a single femtosecond pulse, an absolute measurement of the branching ratio to

5{D}_{5∕2}

state was performed. Combined with a measurement of the relative decay rates into

5{D}_{3∕2}

and

5{D}_{5∕2}

states performed with long trains of highly attenuated

455\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{nm}

pulses, it allowed the extraction of the absolute ratios of the other two decays. Relative strengths normalized to unity are found to be $0.756\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.046$, $0.0290\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0015$, and $0.215\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0064$ for

6{S}_{1∕2}

5{D}_{3∕2}

, and

5{D}_{5∕2}

, respectively. This approximately constitutes a threefold improvement over the best previous measurements and is a sufficient level of precision to compare to calculated values for dipole matrix elements.

We measured the branching fractions for the decay of the

5p\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{2}P_{1/2}

state of

^{88}\mathrm{Sr}^{+}

by applying a recently demonstrated photon-counting sequential method [M. Ramm, T. Pruttivarasin, M. Kokish, I. Talukdar, and H. H\"affner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 023004 (2013)] to a single ion laser cooled in a microfabricated surface trap. The branching fraction for the decay into the

5s\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}^{2}S_{1/2}

ground level was found to be

p=0.9449(5)

. This result is in good agreement with recent theoretical calculations but disagrees with previous experimental measurements, however affected by a one-order-of-magnitude larger uncertainty. This experiment demonstrates that microtrap technology is also applicable in the domain of precision measurements and spectroscopy.

The lifetime of the long-lived

5d{\phantom{\rule{0.16em}{0ex}}}^{2}{D}_{5/2}

level in

^{138}\mathrm{Ba}^{+}

ions was measured in trapped single ions and small ion crystals using continuous quantum jump spectroscopy. We find ${\ensuremath{\tau}}_{{D}_{5/2}}=25.6(0.5)\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\text{s}$, significantly below previously reported values. We have verified our result by exploiting camera images of the stored ions, which enabled monitoring the cleanliness and sufficiently low temperature of the ion samples, and investigating common systematic effects.