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arXiv:2002.11148 · Physical Review Letters

Nonreciprocal Optomechanical Entanglement against Backscattering Losses

Ya‐Feng Jiao, Sheng-Dian Zhang, Yan‐Lei Zhang, Adam Miranowicz, Le‐Man Kuang, Hui Jing

Published Oct 2, 2020• 264 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We propose how to achieve nonreciprocal quantum entanglement of light and motion and reveal its counterintuitive robustness against random losses. We find that by splitting the counterpropagating lights of a spinning resonator via the Sagnac effect, photons and phonons can be entangled strongly in a chosen direction but fully uncorrelated in the other. This makes it possible both to realize quantum nonreciprocity even in the absence of any classical nonreciprocity and also to achieve significant entanglement revival against backscattering losses in practical devices. Our work provides a way to protect and engineer quantum resources by utilizing diverse nonreciprocal devices, for building noise-tolerant quantum processors, realizing chiral networks, and backaction-immune quantum sensors.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.125.143605

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We propose how to achieve nonreciprocal quantum entanglement of light and motion and reveal its counterintuitive robustness against random losses. We find that by splitting the counterpropagating lights of a spinning resonator via the Sagnac effect, photons and phonons can be entangled strongly in a chosen direction but fully uncorrelated in the other. This makes it possible both to realize quantum nonreciprocity even in the absence of any classical nonreciprocity and also to achieve significant entanglement revival against backscattering losses in practical devices. Our work provides a way to protect and engineer quantum resources by utilizing diverse nonreciprocal devices, for building noise-tolerant quantum processors, realizing chiral networks, and backaction-immune quantum sensors.
We propose how to achieve nonreciprocal light-sound entanglement in a spinning resonator and maintain its quality against backscattering losses. We find that by splitting the counter-propagating lights of the resonator via the Sagnac effect, quantum entanglement can be created from one side while prohibited from the other, and it is possible to switch such a single device between a classical isolator and a purely quantum diode. Particularly, in the presence of backscattering due to material imperfections in practical devices, significant entanglement revival can be achieved in a highly asymmetric way. This reveals a new strategy to protect quantum resources by engineering nonreciprocal devices, for building noise-tolerant quantum processors, realizing chiral networks, and invisible quantum sensing.
Abstract A scheme is proposed to enhance the optomechanical entanglement nonreciprocally in a spinning cavity optomechanical system driven by a periodically modulated pump field. Based on the Sagnac effect induced by the resonator's spinning, the direction‐dependent frequency shifts are introduced to the counterpropagating optical modes. By combining the Sagnac effect with periodic pump modulation, the optomechanical entanglement can be enhanced nonreciprocally by a factor of about 1.67. It is shown that the negative effect of the backscattering losses on nonreciprocal entanglement enhancement can be eliminated by spinning the resonator. Meanwhile, the enhanced entanglement exhibits strong robustness against thermal noise, surviving even at environmental temperature up to 0.99 K. This work is expected to promote the development of nonreciprocal quantum networks and quantum control techniques.
Nonreciprocal physics is garnering enormous attention in both classical and quantum resource fields. Surprisingly, previous demonstrations have not explored nonreciprocal quantum synchronization of phonons, one of the most obvious examples of nonreciprocal quantum resources. Here we fill this gap to demonstrate the possibility of nonreciprocal quantum synchronization, revealing its counterintuitive robustness against random fabrication imperfections and thermal noise of practical devices. Specifically, phonons are synchronized in a chosen direction of light (magnetic field) but unsynchronized in the other, yielding a unique nonreciprocity of quantum synchronization. This happens by harnessing the synergy of the Sagnac and magnon-Kerr effects, leading to an opposite Sagnac-Fizeau shift and an exceptional magnon-Kerr-induced transition. Unlike previous proposals naturally restricted to the low-imperfection regime, our approach beats this limitation, owing to the magnon-Kerr-induced improvement in the resonator resilience. The study lays the foundation for generating fragile-to-robust nonreciprocal quantum resources. Nonreciprocal quantum effects can unlock unique quantum resources but unidirectional quantum synchronization has been overlooked. Here authors demonstrate robust one-way quantum synchronization of phonons, overcoming imperfections and noise via combined Sagnac and magnon Kerr effects.
We study how to achieve, manipulate, and switch classical or quantum nonreciprocal effects of light with a spinning Kerr resonator. In particular, we show that even when there is no classical nonreciprocity (i.e., with the same mean number of photons for both clockwise and counterclockwise propagating modes), it is still possible to realize nonreciprocity of quantum correlations of photons in such a device. Also, by tuning the angular velocity and the optical backscattering strength, higher-order quantum nonreciprocity can appear, featuring qualitatively different third-order optical correlations, even in the absence of any nonreciprocity for both the mean photon number and its second-order correlations. The possibility to switch a single device between a classical isolator and a purely quantum directional system can provide more functions for nonreciprocal materials and new opportunities to realize novel quantum effects and applications, such as nonreciprocal multi-photon blockade, one-way photon bundles, and backaction-immune quantum communications.
We propose a scheme to create nonreciprocal entanglement in a spinning cavity magnomechanical system. The setup comprises a whispering gallery mode resonator with two counterpropagating modes, simultaneously coupled to yttrium iron garnet. By spinning the resonator, the counterpropagating modes undergo an opposite Fizeau drag caused by the optical Sagnac effect. We show that in a spinning resonator, the cavity-magnon-phonon modes get entangled along a chosen direction while remaining fully uncorrelated in the other. The degree of nonreciprocity is determined by the drive detuning and the spinning velocity of the resonator. Our work provides a different route to achieve chiral control of quantum entanglement involving magnon-photon-phonon modes.
We show that nonreciprocal optical solitons that are immune to backscattering-induced losses appear in a spinning optical Kerr resonator. Nonreciprocity in this device results from the Sagnac-Fiezau drag effect, which is different for pump fields propagating in the spinning direction or in the direction opposite to it. We find that these nonreciprocal solitons are more robust against backscattering losses if the spinning speed of the resonator is properly set. Our work represents a stable nonreciprocal soliton device and provides a promising technique for one-way soliton isolators and lasers, backaction-immmune soliton communication, and enhanced soliton-comb metrology.