Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:2002.08178 · Physical review. D/Physical review. D.

Testing the ER=EPR conjecture

De-Chang Dai, Djordje Minić, Dejan Stojković, Changbo Fu

Published Sep 15, 2020• 26 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We discuss a few tests of the $\mathrm{ER}=\mathrm{EPR}$ proposal. We consider certain conceptual issues as well as explicit physical examples that could be experimentally realized. In particular, we discuss the role of the Bell bounds, the large N limit, as well as the consistency of certain theoretical assumptions underlying the $\mathrm{ER}=\mathrm{EPR}$ proposal. As explicit tests of the $\mathrm{ER}=\mathrm{EPR}$ proposal we consider limits coming from the entropy-energy relation and certain limits coming from measurements of the speed of light as well as measurements of effective weights of entangled states. We also discuss various caveats of such experimental tests of the $\mathrm{ER}=\mathrm{EPR}$ proposal.

DOI
10.1103/physrevd.102.066004

Related papers

Proposal For Testing Bell's Conjecture

Luiz Carlos Ryff

A simple nonlocal mechanism for Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) correlations inspired by Bell's conjecture (according to which "behind the scenes something is going faster than light") is suggested, and an experimental test is proposed.

arXiv:0809.0530•Sep 3, 2008•0 citations

EPR and Bell: Mathematical Foundations, Experimental Evidence, and the Limits of Physical Conclusions

Eduardo Piza

This article presents a systematic account of the EPR argument and Bell tests, focusing on rigorously established mathematical results and experimental evidence published up to the cut-off date of October 28, 2026. The assumptions of local factorization and measurement-setting independence are stated explicitly. The CHSH bound of 2 is proved, and the quantum bound of $2√2$ is derived using operator methods and semidefinite certificates. The joint outcome probabilities for the singlet state are derived, and the no-signalling theorem is proved for completely positive, trace-preserving local operations. Separability is shown to imply Bell locality, and entanglement is carefully distinguished from the violation of a particular Bell inequality. For noisy two-qubit states, spin measurements are explicitly distinguished from binary strategies that allow constant outcomes. The account also includes explicit constructions of local distributions, Fine’s theorem, and self-testing bounds. Experimental evidence is examined together with the statistical assumptions underlying its analysis; historical interpretations and unconfirmed proposals are clearly identified as such. The 1930 photon box is also analysed, with a distinction drawn between a semiclassical reconstruction of the apparatus and an exact relation between energy and time evolution. These results do not, in themselves, constitute particle detections, enable superluminal communication, or single out a unique ontology.

•Oct 28, 2026•0 citations

Can the ER = EPR Conjecture Be Tested With Entangled Photons? Toward an Experimental Probe of Quantum Wormholes Using Quantum Optics

Ijaz Durrani

•Jan 1, 2026•0 citations

Entanglement MTF

Marcelo Garfunkel, Juan C. Conno

Abstract This work presents an interpretation of the phenomenon of quantum entanglement within the framework of the Topological Model of Physics (MTF). It is proposed that correlations between particles can be described in terms of a shared global phase or structure, defined at the common origin of the particles in the system. This phase does not determine pre-existing values of observables, but rather acts as a common geometric or topological constraint that is preserved during separation, whose projection in each measurement depends on the experimental context. In this approach, such a phase does not require dynamical evolution during the separation of the particles, and therefore the observed correlations need not be interpreted in terms of action at a distance at the moment of measurement. This proposal is related to the original formulation of the EPR paradox, as well as to the restrictions imposed by Bell’s inequalities and their experimental verifications, particularly in the works of Alain Aspect and CHSH. In this framework, the notion of “spooky action at a distance” is considered unnecessary as an explanatory element, since correlations are interpreted as the manifestation of a structure shared from the origin. A form of state or structural realism is preserved, but not a classical realism of pre-existing values; furthermore, there is no signal transmission and the limit imposed by the speed of light is respected. In standard quantum theory, when a property of an entangled particle is measured, the collapse of the wave function common to both particles occurs. Therefore, the value of the property measured in one of them determines the value of that same property in the other. The theory is fully verified experimentally, but it does not explicitly state the physical mechanism underlying this result. The aim of this presentation is to offer a physical interpretation of an underlying mechanism.

•May 3, 2026•0 citations

Entanglement Without Signaling: EPR, ER=EPR, It from Qubit, Quantum Computers, and the Non-Communication Boundary of Emergent Spacetime

Douglas C Youvan

•Jun 27, 2026•0 citations

Triphasic Entropy of Time (TET): Entropic Conditioning of State Accessibility in Open Quantum Systems

Eduardo R.

This preprint introduces the Triphasic Entropy of Time (TET), a phenomenological and effective framework that treats entropy as the primary physical quantity underlying what we perceive as time. TET organizes entropy into three regimes (past as fixed entropy, present as changing entropy, future as pre-conditioned entropy) and proposes a minimal toy model that weights transition probabilities by an effective entropic cost, consistent with Lindblad dynamics. The framework predicts that the informational entropy of the environment may induce measurable biases in decoherence rates and outcome probabilities beyond standard predictions. Experimental proposals using superconducting qubits are discussed to test this idea. This work is presented as an initial phenomenological exploration and is intended to stimulate further theoretical and experimental investigation.

•Apr 16, 2026•0 citations
We discuss a few tests of the ER=EPR\mathrm{ER}=\mathrm{EPR}ER=EPR proposal. We consider certain conceptual issues as well as explicit physical examples that could be experimentally realized. In particular, we discuss the role of the Bell bounds, the large N limit, as well as the consistency of certain theoretical assumptions underlying the ER=EPR\mathrm{ER}=\mathrm{EPR}ER=EPR proposal. As explicit tests of the ER=EPR\mathrm{ER}=\mathrm{EPR}ER=EPR proposal we consider limits coming from the entropy-energy relation and certain limits coming from measurements of the speed of light as well as measurements of effective weights of entangled states. We also discuss various caveats of such experimental tests of the ER=EPR\mathrm{ER}=\mathrm{EPR}ER=EPR proposal.
This article presents a systematic account of the EPR argument and Bell tests, focusing on rigorously established mathematical results and experimental evidence published up to the cut-off date of October 28, 2026. The assumptions of local factorization and measurement-setting independence are stated explicitly. The CHSH bound of 2 is proved, and the quantum bound of 2√22√22√2 is derived using operator methods and semidefinite certificates. The joint outcome probabilities for the singlet state are derived, and the no-signalling theorem is proved for completely positive, trace-preserving local operations. Separability is shown to imply Bell locality, and entanglement is carefully distinguished from the violation of a particular Bell inequality. For noisy two-qubit states, spin measurements are explicitly distinguished from binary strategies that allow constant outcomes. The account also includes explicit constructions of local distributions, Fine’s theorem, and self-testing bounds. Experimental evidence is examined together with the statistical assumptions underlying its analysis; historical interpretations and unconfirmed proposals are clearly identified as such. The 1930 photon box is also analysed, with a distinction drawn between a semiclassical reconstruction of the apparatus and an exact relation between energy and time evolution. These results do not, in themselves, constitute particle detections, enable superluminal communication, or single out a unique ontology.
Abstract This work presents an interpretation of the phenomenon of quantum entanglement within the framework of the Topological Model of Physics (MTF). It is proposed that correlations between particles can be described in terms of a shared global phase or structure, defined at the common origin of the particles in the system. This phase does not determine pre-existing values of observables, but rather acts as a common geometric or topological constraint that is preserved during separation, whose projection in each measurement depends on the experimental context. In this approach, such a phase does not require dynamical evolution during the separation of the particles, and therefore the observed correlations need not be interpreted in terms of action at a distance at the moment of measurement. This proposal is related to the original formulation of the EPR paradox, as well as to the restrictions imposed by Bell’s inequalities and their experimental verifications, particularly in the works of Alain Aspect and CHSH. In this framework, the notion of “spooky action at a distance” is considered unnecessary as an explanatory element, since correlations are interpreted as the manifestation of a structure shared from the origin. A form of state or structural realism is preserved, but not a classical realism of pre-existing values; furthermore, there is no signal transmission and the limit imposed by the speed of light is respected. In standard quantum theory, when a property of an entangled particle is measured, the collapse of the wave function common to both particles occurs. Therefore, the value of the property measured in one of them determines the value of that same property in the other. The theory is fully verified experimentally, but it does not explicitly state the physical mechanism underlying this result. The aim of this presentation is to offer a physical interpretation of an underlying mechanism.
This preprint introduces the Triphasic Entropy of Time (TET), a phenomenological and effective framework that treats entropy as the primary physical quantity underlying what we perceive as time. TET organizes entropy into three regimes (past as fixed entropy, present as changing entropy, future as pre-conditioned entropy) and proposes a minimal toy model that weights transition probabilities by an effective entropic cost, consistent with Lindblad dynamics. The framework predicts that the informational entropy of the environment may induce measurable biases in decoherence rates and outcome probabilities beyond standard predictions. Experimental proposals using superconducting qubits are discussed to test this idea. This work is presented as an initial phenomenological exploration and is intended to stimulate further theoretical and experimental investigation.