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arXiv:2001.05892 · Optics Express

Kerr-nonlinearity enhanced conventional photon blockade in a second-order nonlinear system

Hongyu Lin, Xiaoqian Wang, Zhihai Yao, Dandan Zou

Published May 15, 2020• 27 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The conventional photon blockade (CPB) for high-frequency mode is investigated in a second-order nonlinear system with Kerr nonlinearity. By solving the master equation and calculating the zero-delay-time second-order correlation function g(2)(0), we obtain that strong photon antibunching can be achieved in this scheme. The optimal condition for strong antibunching is also calculated analytically and discussed in detail. We find that the Kerr nonlinearity can largely enhance the CPB effect in the high-frequency mode, and this scheme is not sensitive to the reservoir temperature. In addition, when compared with the linear coupled system, the system has obvious advantages in CPB implementation.

DOI
10.1364/oe.385981

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The conventional photon blockade (CPB) for high-frequency mode is investigated in a second-order nonlinear system with Kerr nonlinearity. By solving the master equation and calculating the zero-delay-time second-order correlation function g(2)(0), we obtain that strong photon antibunching can be achieved in this scheme. The optimal condition for strong antibunching is also calculated analytically and discussed in detail. We find that the Kerr nonlinearity can largely enhance the CPB effect in the high-frequency mode, and this scheme is not sensitive to the reservoir temperature. In addition, when compared with the linear coupled system, the system has obvious advantages in CPB implementation.
In the recent publications [Phys. Rev. A 92,023838 (2015)], the unconventional photon blockade are studied in a two-mode-second-order-nonlinear system with nonlinear coupling between the low frequency and high frequency modes. In this paper, we study the unconventional photon blockade in a three-mode system with weakly coupled nonlinear cavities via χ(2)χ^{(2)}χ(2) nonlinearity. By solving the master equation in the steady-state limit and calculating the zero-delay time second-order correlation function, we obtain the conditions of strong photon antibunching in the low frequency mode. The numerical result are compared with the analytical results, the results show that they are in complete agreement. By the analysis of numerical solutions, we find that this scheme is not sensitive to the change of decay rates and the reservoir temperature, and the three-mode drives make the system have more adjustable parameters, both of which increases the possibility of experimental implementation.
The conventional photon blockade for high-frequency mode is investigated in a two-mode second-order nonlinear system embedded with a two-level atom. By solving the master equation and calculating the zero-delay-time second-order correlation function g(2)(0)g^{(2)}(0)g(2)(0), we obtain that strong photon antibunching can be achieved in this scheme. In particular, we find that by increasing the linear coupling coefficient of the system, a perfect blockade region will be formed near the zero second-order nonlinear coupling coefficient. Similarly, by increasing the nonlinear coupling coefficient of the system, the perfect blockade zone will appear. And this scheme is not sensitive to the reservoir temperature, both of which make the current system easier to implement experimentally.
Photon blockade (PB), an effective method of generating antibunching effect, is a critical way to construct a single photon source. The PB effect can be divided into conventional PB effect (CPB) and unconventional PB effect (UPB). Most studies focus on designing systems to successfully enhance CPB or UPB effect individually. However, CPB extremely depends on the nonlinearity strength of the Kerr materials to achieve strong antibunching effect while UPB relies on quantum interference beset with the high probability of the vacuum state. Here, we propose a method to utilize the relevance and complementarity of CPB and UPB to realize these two types simultaneously. We employ a hybrid Kerr nonlinearity two-cavity system. Because of the mutual assistance of two cavities, CPB and UPB can coexist in the system under certain states. In this way, for the same Kerr material, we reduce the value of the second-order correlation function due to CPB by three orders of magnitude without losing the mean photon number due to the presence of UPB, so the advantages of both PB effects are fully reflected in our system, which is a huge performance boost for single photons.
This study systematically investigates unconventional photon blockade in two coupled Kerr nonlinear cavities at resonance. By solving the master equation in the steady-state limit and calculating the equal-time second-order correlation function, the photon antibunching effect within the nonlinear regime is revealed. Through analytical derivations, four sets of optimal antibunching conditions are obtained and validated through numerical simulations, unveiling new characteristics of photon blockade. Furthermore, the influence of system parameters on photon blockade is discussed, providing valuable theoretical support for optimizing the design and implementation of single-photon sources.
The photon blockade based on weak nonlinearities is called the unconventional photon blockade. The study of the unconventional photon blockade in recent decades has mainly focused on the ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{(3)}$ Kerr nonlinearity. In this paper, we study the photon blockade in two weakly coupled nonlinear cavities via ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{(2)}$ nonlinearity, where ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{(2)}$ mediates the conversion of a single photon in the cavity with high frequency into two photons with low frequency in another cavity. When the two cavity modes are driven simultaneously, our calculations show that the strong photon antibunching can be obtained in the cavity. The optimal condition for strong antibunching is found by analytic calculations and numerical simulations, and discussions of the optimal condition are presented. The differences between the present scheme and that with ${\ensuremath{\chi}}^{(3)}$ nonlinearity are discussed. This scheme is not sensitive to the change of decay rates, which makes the experimental realization easy.