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arXiv:1912.10124 · Optics Express

Simplified single-shot supercontinuum spectral interferometry

Dhruvit Patel, Dogeun Jang, Scott W. Hancock, Howard M. Milchberg, Ki-Yong Kim

Published Mar 20, 2020• 5 citations

Abstract

We have experimentally demonstrated a simplified method for performing single-shot supercontinuum spectral interferometry (SSSI) that does not require pre-characterization of the probe pulse. The method, originally proposed by D. T. Vu, D. Jang, and K. Y. Kim, uses a genetic algorithm (GA) and as few as two time-delayed pump-probe shots to retrieve the pump-induced phase shift on the probe [Opt. Express26, 20572 (2018)]. We show that the GA is able to successfully retrieve the transient modulations on the probe, and that the error in the retrieved modulation decreases dramatically with the number of shots used. In addition, we propose and demonstrate a practical method that allows SSSI to be done with a single pump-probe shot (again, without the need for pre-characterization of the probe). This simplified method can prove to be immensely useful when performing SSSI with a low-repetition-rate laser source.

DOI: 10.1364/oe.386631

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Broadband and supercontinuum pulses with a lin- ear chirp define a linear transform, mapping the difference between the instantaneous frequencies of pump pulses onto the delay time between these pulses. This delay between the pump pulses can be then mapped onto the spatial coordinate with the use of a broad-beam wave-mixing or pump-probe geometry. The new possibilities offered by these mappings for four-wave-mixing techniques are discussed. The spectral and temporal resolution of chirped-pulse wave-mixing and pump- probe techniques are examined. Single-shot multidimensional wave-mixing techniques using broadband and supercontinuum chirped pulses are discussed.

We demonstrate use of spatial interference for the complete electric field reconstruction of two-dimensional (2D) coherent spectroscopic signals generated through four-wave mixing (4WM) in a single laser shot. Until now, the amplitude and phase characterization of 4WM signals has relied primarily on Fourier transform spectral interferometry (FTSI), which limits the measurement's sensitivity and resolution. We show that spatial spectral interferometry (SSI) is a generalized approach to 4WM signal detection that eliminates these inherent limitations of FTSI without introducing additional experimental complexity. SSI is used to measure the 2D photon echo spectra of two systems with dramatically different line widths, the coupled D line transitions in rubidium vapor and the energy-transfer dynamics in the light-harvesting protein LH2.

We observed the spectral coherence structure of twin beam states generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion by using a simple fiber spectrometer synchronized with a pulsed laser source. The recorded single-shot spectra exhibit a well-defined peak structure, where the peak wavelengths change values from shot to shot. We studied the number and the width of the peaks as a function of the different parameters in the experimental setup (pump power, iris size, iris distance from the BBO crystal). Moreover, we evaluated the number of modes in the intensity distribution of the light in different portions of the spectrum. The experimental results indicate that the number of modes from statistics and the number and width of the peaks evolve differently with the parameters.