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arXiv:1910.13100 · Physical Review A

Subradiance of multilevel fermionic atoms in arrays with filling n≥2

Asier Piñeiro Orioli, Ana María Rey

Published Apr 13, 2020• 17 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

A detailed account of the suppression of spontaneous emission in fermionic multilevel atoms is presented. The study is particularly relevant for preparing optical lattices and tweezer arrays with long coherence times.
DOI
10.1103/physreva.101.043816

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Subwavelength atomic tweezer arrays, in which atoms can be positioned at distances smaller than their emission wavelength, have been proposed as a versatile platform to study collective emission phenomena, such as superradiance and subradiance. Experimentally, the realization of such arrays has been a challenge as typical emission wavelengths in the visible or near-infrared are short compared to typical tweezer spacings in the micrometer range. Here, we use 88^{88}88Sr atoms in optical tweezer arrays to access a mid-infrared transition at 2,923 nm (5s5p 3P2→ 5s4d 3D35s5p\:^{3}P_{2} \rightarrow\, 5s4d\:^{3}D_{3}5s5p3P2​→5s4d3D3​). We identify a magic trapping wavelength at 597.14(3) nm and demonstrate single-atom preparation and imaging with high fidelity. In addition, using 2,923 nm light, we demonstrate resolved-sideband cooling of tweezer-trapped strontium. Beyond enabling studies of collective emission phenomena in flexible arrangements of atoms, our platform opens novel opportunities for dipolar many-body physics and enhanced control over Rydberg dynamics and the strontium fine-structure qubit.
In dense and ordered atomic arrays, destructive interference in photon emission leads to the emergence of subradiant states, which are protected from radiative decay and are characterized by long lifetimes. Within linear optics, subradiant states of one-dimensional chains can be interpreted as guided modes. Collective interactions in arrays have attracted a lot of interest recently, with work showing that collective emission can be used to realize improved quantum memories [1, 2] as well as almost-perfect atomic mirrors [3, 4], among other exciting applications. While tantalizing, these ideas strongly rely on one assumption: that atoms are two-level systems and only have a unique electronic ground state. However, most atoms exhibit a rich and complex internal structure. In this talk, I will discuss the properties of subradiant states of two-level and multilevel atoms. In particular, I will present a new mechanism for subradiance and atomic wave-guiding in atoms with hyperfine structure, which crucially depends on many-body correlations, a radical departure from conventional subradiant states found in classical-dipole lattices or two-level-atom arrays [5].