A trustworthy source of randomness is a crucial component of many decentralized and crypto-based application systems, especially blockchain consensus. A decentralized random beacon (DRB) periodically outputs a new source of randomness generated using a distributed technique, such as publicly verifiable secret sharing (PVSS) or distributed verifiable random functions (VRFs). These protocols offer a variety of efficiency versus randomness quality tradeoffs, but guarantee security under a variety of configurations, assumptions, and adversarial models. This article aims to provide a future-proof unbiased decentralized randomness (abbreviated as Funder) via a post-quantum threshold VRF for sustainable proof-of-stake blockchain. We also provide a generic compiler for achieving post-quantum VRF from a classical VRF solution, but our approach makes use of symmetric-key primitives Our novel compiler is validated and evaluated using the ZKBoo and ZKB++ quantum-secure zero-knowledge systems, respectively. The implementation of the proof-of-concept demonstrates that the overheads introduced by our solution are acceptable for real-world deployments even in the present day. In addition, we demonstrate the protocol’s possible application in lottery-based proof-of-stake consensus protocols.A trustworthy source of randomness is a crucial component of many decentralized and crypto-based application systems, especially blockchain consensus. A decentralized random beacon (DRB) periodically outputs a new source of randomness generated using a distributed technique, such as publicly verifiable secret sharing (PVSS) or distributed verifiable random functions (VRFs). These protocols offer a variety of efficiency versus randomness quality tradeoffs, but guarantee security under a variety of configurations, assumptions, and adversarial models. This article aims to provide a future-proof unbiased decentralized randomness (abbreviated as Funder) via a post-quantum threshold VRF for sustainable proof-of-stake blockchain. We also provide a generic compiler for achieving post-quantum VRF from a classical VRF solution, but our approach makes use of symmetric-key primitives Our novel compiler is validated and evaluated using the ZKBoo and ZKB++ quantum-secure zero-knowledge systems, respectively. The implementation of the proof-of-concept demonstrates that the overheads introduced by our solution are acceptable for real-world deployments even in the present day. In addition, we demonstrate the protocol’s possible application in lottery-based proof-of-stake consensus protocols.

IEEE Internet of Things JournalOct 26, 20233 citations

Secure Modulo Sum via Multiple Access Channel

Masahito Hayashi

We discuss secure computation of modular sum when multiple access channel from distinct players $A_{1}, \ldots, A_{c}$ to a third party (Receiver) is given. Then, we define the secure modulo sum capacity as the supremum of the transmission rate of modulo sum without information leakage of other information. We derive its useful lower bound, which is numerically calculated under a realistic model that can be realizable as a Gaussian multiple access channel (MAC).We discuss secure computation of modular sum when multiple access channel from distinct players$A_{1}, \ldots, A_{c}$to a third party (Receiver) is given. Then, we define the secure modulo sum capacity as the supremum of the transmission rate of modulo sum without information leakage of other information. We derive its useful lower bound, which is numerically calculated under a realistic model that can be realizable as a Gaussian multiple access channel (MAC).

arXiv:1812.10862IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT)Jul 12, 20216 citations

We discuss secure computation of modular sum when multiple access channel from distinct players

A_{1}, \ldots, A_{c}

to a third party (Receiver) is given. Then, we define the secure modulo sum capacity as the supremum of the transmission rate of modulo sum without information leakage of other information. We derive its useful lower bound, which is numerically calculated under a realistic model that can be realizable as a Gaussian multiple access channel (MAC).