Abstract Detection of the fusion rule of Majora na zero‐modes is a near‐term milestone on the road to topological quantum computation. An obstacle is that the non‐deterministic fusion outcome of topological zero‐modes can be mimicked by the merging of non‐topological Andreev levels. To distinguish these two scenarios, the dynamical signatures of the ground‐state degeneracy that is the defining property of non‐Abelian anyons is searched for. By adiabatically traversing parameter space along two different pathways, one can identify ground‐state degeneracies from the breakdown of adiabaticity. It is shown that the approach can discriminate against accidental degeneracies of Andreev levels.
Abstract Detection of the fusion rule of Majora na zero‐modes is a near‐term milestone on the road to topological quantum computation. An obstacle is that the non‐deterministic fusion outcome of topological zero‐modes can be mimicked by the merging of non‐topological Andreev levels. To distinguish these two scenarios, the dynamical signatures of the ground‐state degeneracy that is the defining property of non‐Abelian anyons is searched for. By adiabatically traversing parameter space along two different pathways, one can identify ground‐state degeneracies from the breakdown of adiabaticity. It is shown that the approach can discriminate against accidental degeneracies of Andreev levels.
Abstract Detection of the fusion rule of Majora na zero‐modes is a near‐term milestone on the road to topological quantum computation. An obstacle is that the non‐deterministic fusion outcome of topological zero‐modes can be mimicked by the merging of non‐topological Andreev levels. To distinguish these two scenarios, the dynamical signatures of the ground‐state degeneracy that is the defining property of non‐Abelian anyons is searched for. By adiabatically traversing parameter space along two different pathways, one can identify ground‐state degeneracies from the breakdown of adiabaticity. It is shown that the approach can discriminate against accidental degeneracies of Andreev levels.
Abstract Fusing Majorana zero modes (MZMs) leads to multiple outcomes, a property unique to non-Abelian anyons. The successful demonstration of this nontrivial fusion rule would be a hallmark for the development of topological quantum computation. Here, we propose that such fusion can be achieved by simply attaching a fermionic mode to a single Majorana zero mode. By modulation of the energy level of the fermionic mode (FM) as well as its coupling with MZM in different sequences, we show that a zero or integer charge pumping can be realized when different fusion loops are chosen. Such fusion loops are intimately related with the nontrivial fusion rule of Majorana modes and are solely determined by the crossings at zero energy in the parameter space. Finally, we demonstrate our proposal in a nanowire-based topological superconductor coupled to a quantum dot. We show that charge pumping is robust for MZMs in the realistic system irrespective of the initial condition of FM state.
Majorana zero modes, characterized by non-Abelian exchange statistics, have been widely viewed as prime candidates for implementing topological quantum computing. The associated braiding and fusion operations realize topologically protected quantum gates and qubit measurements, thus providing a feasible pathway toward intrinsically fault-tolerant quantum computation. However, the experimental realization of controllable braiding and fusion of Majorana zero modes remains one of the most formidable challenges in the field.In this paper, building upon recent theoretical advances in quantum-dot-assisted schemes for realizing the braiding and fusion of Majorana zero modes, we provide a systematic introduction to the underlying theoretical foundations and detailed operational procedures, and further elucidate the experimental feasibility of the approach.Furthermore, this paper presents two lines of investigation developed within the proposed framework. Firstly, based on the quantum-dot-assisted braiding scheme, the dynamical evolution of Andreev bound states in Majorana nanowires is revealed. Secondly, employing the quantum-dot-assisted fusion scheme, numerical simulations of charge transfer along different fusion paths clarify the nontrivial fusion rules of Majorana zero modes and the corresponding operational procedures.
In this paper we perform real-time simulations for probing the non-Abelian fusion of a pair of Majorana zero modes (MZMs). The nontrivial fusion outcomes can be either a vacuum, or an unpaired fermion, which reflect the underlying non-Abelian statistics. The two possible outcomes can cause different charge variations in the nearby probing quantum dot (QD), while the charge occupation in the dot is detected by a quantum point contact. In particular, we find that gradual fusion and gradual coupling of the MZMs to the QD (in nearly adiabatic switching-on limit) provide a simpler detection scheme than sudden coupling after fusion to infer the coexistence of two fusion outcomes, by measuring the occupation probability of the QD. For the scheme of sudden coupling (after fusion), we propose and analyze continuous weak measurement for the quantum oscillations of the QD occupancy. From the power spectrum of the measurement currents, one can identify the characteristic frequencies and infer thus the coexistence of the fusion outcomes.
FINDING: Majorana zero modes (MZMs) in topological superconductors yield non-Abelian anyonic statistics, enabling topologically protected quantum error correction via ground-state degeneracy in the Kitaev chain. | MATH: Kitaev chain Hamiltonian H=∑j[−t(cj†cj+1+h.c.)+Δ(cjcj+1+h.c.)−μ(cj†cj−1/2)]. In the topological phase (∣μ∣<2t), unpaired Majorana operators γ1,γ2 satisfy γi†=γi, {γi,γj}=2δij, and the nonlocal fermion f=(γ1+iγ2)/2 gives a two-fold ground-state degeneracy (qubit). Braiding MZMs implements the Clifford group; the fusion rules follow the Ising anyon model: σ×σ=1+ψ, with quantum dimension dσ=2. | CONNECTION: The Ising anyon fusion rule σ×σ=1+ψ maps directly to the golden-ratio-adjacent structure of the Fibonacci anyon model (though MZMs are Ising, Author: Andrew Stewart Caldin, Independent Researcher, UK. Part of the E8 Intelligence Research series. Platform: e8intelligence.com
FINDING: Microsoft's Majorana 1 chip claims topological qubit hardware using Majorana zero modes, but the mathematical core is the braiding of non-Abelian anyons — not yet experimentally confirmed. | MATH: Topological qubits encode information in the degeneracy of ground states of a 2D system with p-wave pairing. The braid group Bn acts on the fusion space. For Ising anyons (Majorana), the fusion rule is σ×σ=1+ψ, with quantum dimension dσ=2. The braid matrices are R-matrices satisfying the Yang–Baxter equation R12R13R23=R23R13R12. The topological charge is eiπ/8 for the twist factor. No new equation or constant emerges from the press releases — the mathematics is pre-existing (Kitaev's 2001 model, Read–Green, Ivanov). | CONNECTION: The braid group Bn is intimately tied to the Temperley–Lieb algebra and the Jones polynomial. The quantum dimension 2 relates to the gold Author: Andrew Stewart Caldin, Independent Researcher, UK. Part of the E8 Intelligence Research series. Platform: e8intelligence.com