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arXiv:1909.05843 · Optics Express

Interaction of a heralded single photon with nitrogen-vacancy centers in a diamond

Maria Gieysztor, Marta Misiaszek, Joscelyn van der Veen, Wojciech Gawlik, Fedor Jelezko, Piotr Leszek Kolenderski

Published Dec 15, 2020• 5 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

A simple, room-temperature, cavity- and vacuum-free interface for a photon-matter interaction is implemented. In the experiment, a heralded single photon generated by the process of spontaneous parametric down-conversion is absorbed by an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy color centers. The broad absorption spectrum associated with the phonon sideband solves the mismatch problem of a narrow absorption bandwidth in a typical atomic medium and broadband spectrum of quantum light. The heralded single photon source is tunable in the spectral range 452 - 575 nm, which overlaps well with the absorption spectrum of nitrogen-vacancy centers.

DOI
10.1364/oe.409882

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A simple, room-temperature, cavity- and vacuum-free interface for a photon-matter interaction is implemented. In the experiment, a heralded single photon generated by the process of spontaneous parametric down-conversion is absorbed by an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy color centers. The broad absorption spectrum associated with the phonon sideband solves the mismatch problem of a narrow absorption bandwidth in a typical atomic medium and broadband spectrum of quantum light. The heralded single photon source is tunable in the spectral range 452 - 575 nm, which overlaps well with the absorption spectrum of nitrogen-vacancy centers.
A simple, room-temperature, cavity- and vacuum-free interface for an efficient photon-matter interaction is implemented. In the experiment a heralded single photon generated by the process of spontaneous parametric down-conversion is absorbed by a single atom-like system, specifically a nitrogen-vacancy color center in diamond. Here phonon-assisted absorption solves the mismatch problem of a narrow absorption bandwidth in a typical atomic medium and broadband spectrum of quantum light. The source is tunable in the spectral range 452−575452-575452−575 nm, which overlaps well with the absorption spectrum of nitrogen-vacancy centers. This can also be considered as a useful technique paving the way for development of novel quantum information processing and sensing applications.
A simple, room-temperature, cavity- and vacuum-free interface for an efficient photon-matter interaction is implemented. In the experiment a heralded single photon generated by the process of spontaneous parametric down-conversion is absorbed by a single atom-like system, specifically a nitrogen-vacancy color center in diamond. Here phonon-assisted absorption solves the mismatch problem of a narrow absorption bandwidth in a typical atomic medium and broadband spectrum of quantum light. The source is tunable in the spectral range 452−575452-575452−575 nm, which overlaps well with the absorption spectrum of nitrogen-vacancy centers. This can also be considered as a useful technique paving the way for development of novel quantum information processing and sensing applications.
The development of reliable devices to generate single photons is crucial for applications in quantum cryptography, as well as for fundamental quantum optics experiments. Due to their extremely high photostability at room temperature, optically active defects in solids, the so called color centers, are among the most promising candidates. Single NV (nitrogen-vacancy) centers in diamond have been demonstrated to be able to generate single photons and have already shown advantages compared to attenuated laser pulses in a quantum cryptography experiment. The nitrogen-vacancy center (NV center) in diamond consists of a substitutional nitrogen atom and an adjacent vacancy. This complex exhibits an optical transition with a fluorescence lifetime of 11.6 ns. The room temperature spectrum of the NV center consists of the zero-phonon line at 637 nm and broad phononic sidebands with a FWHM of more than 100 nm. Due to the existence of a shelving level the efficiency of the NV center as a single photon source is limited. Additionally, the high diffraction index of bulk diamond restricts the efficiency to collect the fluorescence light.
The Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centre in diamond possesses an optical read out of its spin state and shows great promise for applications in solid state quantum technologies. Its broad phonon assisted emission spectrum, with only 4% of emission from the zero-phonon line, is a major drawback to this. The optical microcavity will be essential in efficiently interfacing these centres with photonic networks. Here we present investigations into the coupling of NV centres in nanodiamond to tunable open-microcavities, both at room temperature and at cryogenic temperatures. These structures will be shown to achieve good photon confinement, with mode volumes down to 5λ3. Room temperature studies on ensembles of NVs will illustrate the tunable spectral and spatial overlap between the emitter and the cavity mode. It will be shown that small enhancements are possible in this regime. After the preparation and characterisation of single emitters, low temperature coupling to the narrowed zero-phonon line will be the central theme of this thesis. Single photon emission into the cavity mode is verified. We observe the enhancement of the light-matter interaction in this regime, by a 39% increase in the emission rate when cavity-coupled, with the dependence on mode volume also demonstrated. These results are important for the realisation of a spin-photon interface in scalable quantum networks.
The Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) centre in diamond possesses an optical read out of its spin state and shows great promise for applications in solid state quantum technologies. Its broad phonon assisted emission spectrum, with only 4p of emission from the zero-phonon line, is a major drawback to this. The optical microcavity will be essential in efficiently interfacing these centres with photonic networks. Here we present investigations into the coupling of NV centres in nanodiamond to tunable open-microcavities, both at room temperature and at cryogenic temperatures. These structures will be shown to achieve good photon confinement, with mode volumes down to 5λ3. Room temperature studies on ensembles of NVs will illustrate the tunable spectral and spatial overlap between the emitter and the cavity mode. It will be shown that small enhancements are possible in this regime. After the preparation and characterisation of single emitters, low temperature coupling to the narrowed zero-phonon line will be the central theme of this thesis. Single photon emission into the cavity mode is verified. We observe the enhancement of the light-matter interaction in this regime, by a 39p increase in the emission rate when cavity-coupled, with the dependence on mode volume also demonstrated. These results are important for the realisation of a spin-photon interface in scalable quantum networks.
We report on the coupling of a single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in a nanodiamond to a fiber-based microcavity at room temperature. Investigating the very same NV center inside the cavity and in free space allows us to systematically explore a regime of phonon-assisted cavity feeding. Making use of the NV center's strongly broadened emission, we realize a widely tunable, narrow band single photon source. A master equation model well reproduces our experimental results and predicts a transition into a Purcell-enhanced emission regime at low temperatures.