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arXiv:1909.00314 · The European Physical Journal Plus

Dissipative two-identical-particle systems: diffraction and interference

S. V. Mousavi, Salvador Miret-Artés

Published Jan 1, 2020• 12 citations
arXivHTMLPDF
DOI
10.1140/epjp/s13360-020-00125-0

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Quantum thermodynamics examines energy exchange and work in microscopic systems. These processes are difficult to investigate for identical particles because individual particles cannot be tracked separately and quantum interference affects their collective behavior. Here, we use two indistinguishable photons in a programmable photonic processor to simulate a quantum piston, in which identical bosons are confined by a moving boundary. Energy levels are represented by optical modes, and measured transitions between these modes are used to reconstruct the work distribution. The results show how driving speed and bosonic interference arising from particle indistinguishability influence work statistics and energy dissipation. This approach provides a platform for studying non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics.

Optica•Sep 8, 2026•1 citation
We study diffraction and interference of indistinguishable particles. We consider some examples where the wavefunctions and detection probabilities can be evaluated in an analytical way. The diffraction pattern of a two-particle system shows notorious differences for the cases of bosons, fermions and distinguishable particles. In the example of near-field interferometry, the exchange effects for two-fermion systems lead to the existence of planes at which the probability of double detection is null. We also discuss the relation with the approach to systems of identical particles based on correlation functions. In particular, we shall see that these functions reflect, as in noise interferometry, the underlying periodic structure of the diffraction grating.
In this work, dissipative quantum backflow is studied for a superposition of two stretched Gaussian wave packets and two identical spinless particles within the Caldirola-Kanai framework. Backflow is mainly an interference process and dissipation is not able to suppress it in the first case. For two identical spinless particles, apart from interference terms, the symmetry of the wave function seems to be crucial in this dynamics. The combined properties make bosons display this effect, even for the dissipative regime but, for fermions, backflow is not exhibited in any regime, dissipative and nodissipative. The anti-symmetric character of the corresponding wave function seems to be strong enough to prevent it. For bosons, backflow is also analyzed in terms of fidelity of one-particle states which is a well-known property of two quantum states. At very small values of fidelity, this effect is not seen even for bosons.
Quantum thermodynamics examines energy exchange and work in microscopic systems. These processes are difficult to investigate for identical particles because individual particles cannot be tracked separately and quantum interference affects their collective behavior. Here, we use two indistinguishable photons in a programmable photonic processor to simulate a quantum piston, in which identical bosons are confined by a moving boundary. Energy levels are represented by optical modes, and measured transitions between these modes are used to reconstruct the work distribution. The results show how driving speed and bosonic interference arising from particle indistinguishability influence work statistics and energy dissipation. This approach provides a platform for studying non-equilibrium quantum thermodynamics.