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arXiv:1907.07594 · Physical Review Applied

Microelectromechanical-System-Based Design of a High-Finesse Fiber Cavity Integrated with an Ion Trap

Moonjoo Lee, Minjae Lee, Seokjun Hong, Klemens Schüppert, Yeong-Dae Kwon, Taehyun Kim, Yves Colombe, Tracy E. Northup, Dong‐il Cho, R. Blatt

Published Oct 23, 2019• 15 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The ion-cavity quantum interface is an important building block for tomorrow's quantum networks, but miniaturizing such devices remains an outstanding challenge. This study introduces and characterizes an on-chip design that uses microelectromechanical-systems (MEMS) technology to integrate a fiber-based optical resonator with an ion trap. Simulations show that the device's performance is expected to be similar to that of much larger existing systems, and that it is compatible with strong ion-cavity coupling. A MEMS approach thus offers a promising route to scalable quantum networks based on miniaturized, fast, high-fidelity interfaces.

DOI
10.1103/physrevapplied.12.044052

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The ion-cavity quantum interface is an important building block for tomorrow's quantum networks, but miniaturizing such devices remains an outstanding challenge. This study introduces and characterizes an on-chip design that uses microelectromechanical-systems (MEMS) technology to integrate a fiber-based optical resonator with an ion trap. Simulations show that the device's performance is expected to be similar to that of much larger existing systems, and that it is compatible with strong ion-cavity coupling. A MEMS approach thus offers a promising route to scalable quantum networks based on miniaturized, fast, high-fidelity interfaces.
We present a numerical study of a MEMS-based design of a fiber cavity integrated with an ion trap system. Each fiber mirror is supported by a microactuator that controls the mirror's position in three dimensions. The mechanical stability is investigated by a feasibility analysis showing that the actuator offers a stable support of the fiber. The actuators move the fibers' positions continuously with a stroke of more than 10 μ\muμm, with mechanical resonance frequencies on the order of kHz. A calculation of the trapping potential shows that a separation between ion and fiber consistent with strong ion-cavity coupling is feasible. Our miniaturized ion-photon interface constitutes a viable approach to integrated hardware for quantum information.
Trapped ions coupled to optical cavities can be used to build up quantum interfaces between stationary and flying qubits in a quantum network. Shared entangled states between different network nodes have proven to be an essential resource for various applications of a quantum network, such as distributed quantum computation. At a first quantum network node, we have trapped ions in a linear Paul trap and coupled them to an optical cavity two centimeter in length. We have demonstrated entanglement of a single ion with a single photon, and used this high-fidelity operation to entangle two ions in a heralded fashion [1,2]. However, the speed of these operations is intrinsically limited by the ion-cavity coupling strength, which is predetermined by the length of the optical cavity. Fiber-based optical cavities have been coupled to single ions and it has been shown that these microscopic cavities allow access to the strong coupling regime [3]. Operating in this regime would enable quantum communication protocols to be carried out over long distances with enhanced fidelity and efficiency. With this goal, we have designed and constructed a novel ion-cavity system which incorporates a fiber cavity. In my talk, I will introduce basic building blocks of quantum networks based on trapped ions coupled to optical cavities and will present recent results, including simulation and characterization of our fiber-based ion-cavity system. [1] A. Stute et al., Nature. 485, 482 (2012) [2] B. Casabone et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 100505 (2013) [4] H. Takahashi et al., arXiv:1808.04031 (2018)
Abstract Trapped ions in micro-cavities constitute a key platform for advancing quantum information processing and quantum networking. By providing an efficient light–matter interface within a compact architecture, they serve as highly efficient quantum nodes with strong potential for a scalable quantum network. However, in such systems, ion trapping stability is often compromised by surface charging effects, and nearby dielectric materials are known to cause a dramatic increase in the ion heating rate by several orders of magnitude. These challenges significantly hinder the practical implementation of ion trap systems integrated with micro-cavities. To overcome these limitations, we present the design and fabrication of metal-shielded fiber-cavity mirrors, enabling the stable realization of ion trap systems integrated with fiber cavities. Using this method, we constructed a needle ion trap integrated with a fiber Fabry–Pérot cavity and successfully achieved stable trapping of a single ion within the cavity. The measured ion heating rate was reduced by more than an order of magnitude compared with unshielded configurations. This work establishes a key technique toward fully integrated ion–photon interfaces for scalable quantum networks.
We present the design, implementation, and characterization of a high-stability, fast-tunable fiber Fabry-Pérot microcavity system optimized for coupling with Ba + ions to form quantum network nodes.The microcavity system integrates multiwavelength single-mode transmission, rapid and broad-band tunability, high finesse, and exceptional passive mechanical stability.By incorporating a unique vibration isolation structure, the system enables the fiber-optic microcavity (with a finesse of 8000) to remain resonant with the laser for several minutes even without active feedback.Furthermore, we demonstrate active cavity length stabilization using the Pound-Drever-Hall method, which significantly suppresses low-frequency vibrations and enables the cavity length to remain stable for several days.Experimental results show that this fiber microcavity system offers outstanding stability and flexibility for practical quantum network applications, providing reliable technical support for the construction of large-scale quantum networks based on trapped ions.
We review the recent developments towards strong coupling of a single ion in cavity QED, in particular by using optical fiber cavities. We also summarize our efforts along the same line being pursued at Sussex University. The main issue in cavity QED with trapped ions has been the incompatibility of dielectric mirrors in trapping potentials. As consequence the mirrors of a cavity have to be further retracted from the ion, rendering the cavity volume rather big to sacrifice the ion-cavity coupling. However, the emerging fiber cavity technology is expected to largely mitigate this difficulty and yet achieve excellent resonator-quality. Achieving strong coupling with single trapped ions enables one to build a highly reliable and controllable quantum interface between matter and light to be used in quantum network. It could also open up new possibilities such as manipulating photonic quantum states via the quantum computing toolbox of ion trap.