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arXiv:1907.06858 · Physical Review Research

Self-organized bosonic domain walls

Xingchuan Zhu, Shiying Dong, Yang Lin, Rubem Mondaini, Huaiming Guo, Shiping Feng, Richard T. Scalettar

Published Jan 27, 2020• 5 citations
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Abstract

For hardcore bosons on honeycomb lattice ribbons with zigzag edges, charge domain walls are energetically favorable, in sharp contrast to the more typical occupation of a set of sites on a single sublattice of the bipartite geometry at $\ensuremath{\rho}=\frac{1}{2}$ filling. This self-organized domain wall separates two charge-density-wave regions with opposite Berry curvatures. Associated with the change of topological properties, superfluid transport occurs down the domain wall.

DOI
10.1103/physrevresearch.2.013085

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For hardcore bosons on honeycomb lattice ribbons with zigzag edges, charge domain walls are energetically favorable, in sharp contrast to the more typical occupation of a set of sites on a single sublattice of the bipartite geometry at \ensuremathρ=12\ensuremath{\rho}=\frac{1}{2}\ensuremathρ=21​ filling. This self-organized domain wall separates two charge-density-wave regions with opposite Berry curvatures. Associated with the change of topological properties, superfluid transport occurs down the domain wall.
Linelike hard-core bosonic domain walls in a staggered potential on a honeycomb lattice are studied using quantum Monte Carlo simulations. The phase diagrams of ribbons with zigzag and armchair domain walls are mapped, which contain superfluid and insulator phases at various fillings. In the $\ensuremath{\rho}=\frac{1}{2}$ insulator, the domain wall separates two charge-density-wave regions with opposite Berry curvatures. Associated with the change of topological properties, superfluid transport occurs down the domain wall. The superfluid density associated with a zigzag domain wall is much larger than that of an armchair domain wall due to the different arrangements of occupied and unoccupied sites along the domain wall. Our results provide a concrete context to study bosonic topological phenomena, which may be simulated experimentally using bosonic cold atoms trapped in optical lattices.
The topological properties of hardcore bosons on ribbons of honeycomb lattice are studied using quantum Monte Carlo simulations. We map out a rich phase diagram with the superfluid and insulator phases at various fillings. Particularly, it is revealed that the insulator state at half filling is a topological bosonic state, which is characterized by a nontrivial Berry phase and a pair of end states. We provide an intuitive picture to understand this topological bosonic insulator state by showing that it can be adiabatically mapped to a topological fermionic model. It is also shown that the topological end states are robust against weak interactions beyond the hardcore repulsion. Our results can be simulated by using bosonic cold atoms trapped in designed optical lattices.
We study a model of spinless fermions on the honeycomb lattice with nearest-neighbor exclusion and extended repulsive interactions that exhibits ``lattice supersymmetry'' [P. Fendley et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 120402 (2003)]. Using a combination of exact diagonalization of large ($N\ensuremath{\le}56$ site) systems, mean-field numerics, and symmetry analysis, we establish a rich phase structure as a function of fermion density, that includes non-Fermi-liquid behavior, resonating charge stripes, domain-wall and bubble physics, and identify a finite range of fillings with extensive ground-state degeneracy and both gapped and gapless spectra. We comment on the stability of our results to relaxing the stringent requirements for supersymmetry, and on their possible broader relevance to systems of strongly correlated electrons with extended repulsive interactions.
We investigate the hardcore Bose-Hubbard model on a honeycomb lattice under a pseudo-magnetic field generated by triaxial strain using the quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) method. In the presence of strain, we construct a phase diagram that encompasses superfluid and solid phases at different fillings. Interestingly, we observe intriguing phenomena related to filling factors, including a solid phase with a filling of $\ensuremath{\rho}=0.4912$. This solid phase is characterized by distinct sublattice occupancies separated by large domain walls. Additionally, within the superfluid region, we observe stripe phases where the occupancy of hardcore bosons exhibits oscillatory behavior. Finally, we employ linear spin-wave theory and derive the pseudo-Landau levels present in the excitation spectrum. Our findings not only provide valuable insights into the behavior of hardcore bosons in the presence of pseudo-magnetic fields, but they can also be experimentally realized using ultracold bosonic atoms confined in optical lattices.
Valleytronics and valley photonics exploit the valley degree of freedom to encode and manipulate information. Here we show that photonic valleys can be selectively addressed in quantum optics using a simple two-level emitter, provided it is coupled nonlocally to the field, thereby realizing a so-called giant atom. Specifically, we consider a qubit coupled at multiple points to an engineered honeycomb lattice of resonators with detuned sublattice frequencies. By tailoring the geometry of the coupling points, the giant atom can be made to emit selectively into a single valley. The emitted photons thereby acquire a well-defined valley character and inherit the associated Berry curvature. By placing the qubit near a domain wall between regions of opposite sublattice detuning, whose interface supports valley-polarized edge modes, emission becomes chiral along the domain wall. This provides a promising route toward implementation of single-photon disorder-robust chiral emission without breaking time-reversal symmetry of the electromagnetic medium in platforms such as circuit QED.