We show that all the N-qubit states can be classified as N entanglement classes each of which has an entanglement index
E=N−p=0,1,...,N−1(E=0 corresponds to a fully separate class) where
p denotes number of groups for a partition of the positive integer N. In other words, for any partition
(n1,n2,...,np) of N with
nj≥1 and
N=∑j=1pnj, the entanglement index for the corresponding state
ρn1⨂ρn2...⨂ρnp with
ρnj denoting a fully entangled state of
nj−qubits is
E(ρn1⨂ρn2...⨂ρnp)=∑j=1p(nj−1)=N−p.
Abstract We present a practical classification scheme for the four-partite entangled states under stochastic local operations and classical communication (SLOCC). By transforming a four-partite state into a triple-state set composed of two tripartite states and a bipartite state, the entanglement classification is reduced to the classification of tripartite and bipartite entanglements. This reduction method has the merit of involving only the linear constrains, and meanwhile provides an insight into the entanglement character of the subsystems.