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arXiv:1904.12984 · Physical Review Letters

Ground-State Cooling and High-Fidelity Quantum Transduction via Parametrically Driven Bad-Cavity Optomechanics

Hoi-Kwan Lau, Aashish A. Clerk

Published Mar 10, 2020• 75 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

Optomechanical couplings involve both beam splitter and two-mode-squeezing types of interactions. While the former underlies the utility of many applications, the latter creates unwanted excitations and is usually detrimental. In this Letter, we propose a simple but powerful method based on cavity parametric driving to suppress the unwanted excitation that does not require working with a deeply sideband-resolved cavity. Our approach is based on a simple observation: as both the optomechanical two-mode-squeezing interaction and the cavity parametric drive induce squeezing transformations of the relevant photonic bath modes, they can be made to cancel one another. We illustrate how our method can cool a mechanical oscillator below the quantum backaction limit, and significantly suppress the output noise of a sideband-unresolved optomechanical transducer.

DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.124.103602

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Optomechanical couplings involve both beam splitter and two-mode-squeezing types of interactions. While the former underlies the utility of many applications, the latter creates unwanted excitations and is usually detrimental. In this Letter, we propose a simple but powerful method based on cavity parametric driving to suppress the unwanted excitation that does not require working with a deeply sideband-resolved cavity. Our approach is based on a simple observation: as both the optomechanical two-mode-squeezing interaction and the cavity parametric drive induce squeezing transformations of the relevant photonic bath modes, they can be made to cancel one another. We illustrate how our method can cool a mechanical oscillator below the quantum backaction limit, and significantly suppress the output noise of a sideband-unresolved optomechanical transducer.
We propose an alternative experimentally feasible approach to achieve high-efficiency ground-state cooling of a mechanical oscillator in an optomechanical system under the deeply unresolved sideband condition with the assistance of both intracavity and extracavity squeezing. In the scheme, a degenerate optical parametric amplifier is placed inside the optical cavity, generating the intracavity squeezing; in addition, the optical cavity is driven by the extracavity squeezed light, namely the extracavity squeezing. The quantum interference effect generated by intracavity squeezing and extracavity squeezing can completely suppress the nonresonant Stokes heating process while greatly enhancing the anti-Stokes cooling process. Therefore, the joint-squeezing scheme is capable of cooling the mechanical oscillators to their quantum ground state in a regime far away from the resolved sideband condition. Compared with other traditional optomechanical cooling schemes, the single-photon cooling rate in this joint-squeezing scheme can be tremendously enlarged by nearly three orders of magnitude. At the same time, the coupling strength required to achieve ground-state cooling can be significantly reduced. This scheme is promising for cooling large-mass and low-frequency mechanical oscillators, which provides a prerequisite for preparing and manipulating nonclassical states in macroscopic quantum systems and lays a significant foundation for quantum manipulation.
We propose to realize effective beam-splitter-like and two-mode-squeezing photon-photon interactions in an optomechanical interface by exploiting detuned driving lasers. In this interface, the transitions between the optical and the mechanical states are significantly suppressed by the large energy offsets, therefore protecting the photon-photon interactions from mechanical dissipations. Moreover, the destructive quantum interference between the eigenmodes of the interface is capable of reducing the effects of initial mechanical thermal occupations. This optomechanical interface can serve as a universal block for photon state engineering and hybrid quantum networks in high-temperature thermal bath and without the requirement of cooling the mechanical oscillator to the ground state.
Ground-state cooling of mechanical resonators is a prerequisite for the observation of various quantum effects in optomechanical systems and thus has always been a crucial task in quantum optomechanics. In this paper, we study how to realize ground-state cooling of the mechanical mode in a Fano-mirror optomechanical setup, which allows for enhanced effective optomechanical interaction but typically works in the (deeply) unresolved-sideband regime. We reveal that for such a two-sided cavity geometry with very different decay rates at the two cavity mirrors, it is possible to cool the mechanical mode down to its ground state within a broad range of parameters by using an appropriate single-sided coherent feedback. This is possible even if the total optical loss is more than seven orders of magnitude larger than the mechanical frequency and the feedback efficiency is relatively low. Importantly, we show that a more standard double-sided feedback scheme is not appropriate to cooperate with a Fano-mirror system.
Abstract In the conventional scheme of generating strong mechanical squeezing by the joint effect between mechanical parametric amplification and sideband cooling, the resolved sideband condition is required so as to overcome the quantum backaction heating. In the unresolved sideband regime, to suppress the quantum backaction, a χ(2) nonlinear medium is introduced to the cavity. The result shows that the quantum backaction heating effect caused by unwanted counter‐rotating term can be completely removed. Hence, the strong mechanical squeezing can be obtained even for the system far from the resolved‐sideband regime.
We report a spin-orbit-coupling-induced backaction cooling in an optomechanical system, composed of a spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in an optical cavity with one movable end mirror, by suppressing heating effects of quantum noises. The collective density excitations of the spin-orbit-coupling-mediated hyperfine states---serving as atomic oscillators equally coupled to the cavity field---trigger strongly driven atomic backaction. We find that the backaction not only revamps low-temperature dynamics of its own but also provides an opportunity to cool the mechanical mirror to its quantum-mechanical ground state. Further, we demonstrate that the strength of spin-orbit coupling also superintends dynamic structure factor and squeezes nonlinear quantum noises, like thermomechanical and photon shot noise, which enhances optomechanical features of the hybrid cavity beyond previous investigations. Our findings are testable in a realistic setup and enhance the functionality of cavity optomechanics with spin-orbit-coupled hyperfine states in the field of quantum optics and quantum computation.
We discuss the generation of strong stationary mechanical squeezing and entanglement in the modulated two-and three-mode optomechanics. Following the reservoir engineering scheme, the beam-splitter and parametric optomechanical interactions can be simultaneously achieved through appropriately choosing the modulation frequency on mechanical motion, which is essential to strong squeezing and entanglement. In the two-mode modulated optomechanics, squeezing is tunable by the relative ratio of parametric and beam-splitter couplings, and also robust to thermal noise due to the simultaneously optically induced cooling process. In the three-mode modulated optomechanics, strong EPR-type entanglement is also attainable, which can surpass the 3dB limit of nondegenerate parametric interaction. However, the ideal entanglement is impossible since only one of mechanical Bogoliubov modes is cooled by the cavity mode, which also makes the entanglement fragile to the mechanical noise.