Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:1811.12247

Agnostic Detector Error, Wigner Functions, and the Classical Limit of the High-Spin Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Experiment

Anupam Garg

Published Nov 29, 2018• 0 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

The spin-$j$ Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen experiment is studied with a view to understanding how classical behaviour emerges as $j \to \infty$. It is proposed that it is necessary to include detector error, which if it is be to viewed as an essential aspect of the emergence of classicality, should be both minimal, i.e., no more than necessary to wash out quantum mechanical behaviour, and agnostic, by which is meant that one should be able to ascribe it to error in the preparation of the state just as well as to the detector.Errors in the state preparation are discussed via the spin Wigner function. An agnostic error protocol is described which appears to be minimal.

DOI
10.48550/arxiv.1811.12247

Related papers

Wigner functions in the Higher-Spin Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-Bohm Experiment

Anupam Garg

The spin-$j$ extension of Bohm's version of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen experiment is is analysed in terms of the Wigner function when the two spins are in a singlet state. This function is calculated for all $j$, and it is shown that just as Bell inequalities are violated with undiminished range and magnitude for arbitarirly large $j$, this function does not become less negative. On the contrary, the oscillations between positive and negative values grow both in frequency and amplitude. It is argued that this is an alternative way to grasp the approach to classical behavior with increasing quantum number.

arXiv:1911.08693•Nov 20, 2019•0 citations

Detector error and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlations

Anupam Garg

The question of how data collected in the spin-\textonehalf{} Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen experiment become compatible with local realism for increasing detector error is investigated in two ways. (1) It is shown that data obtained in any experiment with three settings of one detector axis and any number of settings of the other will be compatible with local realism if the detector error is such that data obtained with any two settings of each detector axis are compatible with local realism. (The error rate must be more than 7.96% for this to be so.) (2) It is shown that a detector error rate of 14.64% is enough to mask nonclassical correlations in any experiment with any number of settings of both detector axes; this improves on the figure of 21.13% given by Mermin and Schwarz.

Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields•Aug 15, 1983•22 citations

Perspective of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen spin correlations in the phase-space formulation for arbitrary values of the spin

G. S. Agarwal

We consider the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlation between two spins with arbitrary j values using the phase-space description of the angular-momentum operators [G. S. Agarwal, Phys. Rev. A 24, 2889 (1981)]. The phase-space formulation provides insight into hidden-variable theories and enables us to understand why Bell's inequalities are violated. We use the analogs of the Wigner function and the P function for the analysis of the correlations. We show that the Wigner function for the singlet state becomes positive in the limit j\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\infty}. We also show the extent to which Bell's inequalities can be violated for higher spins and present physical quantities, the correlations between which would violate Bell's inequalities.

Physical Review A•Jun 1, 1993•39 citations

Relativistic Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlations and localization

Paweł Caban, Jakub Rembieliński, Patrycja Rybka +2 more

We calculate correlation functions for a relativistic Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen--type experiment with massive Dirac particles. We take into account the influence of the Newton-Wigner localization and perform the calculations for a couple of physically interesting states. In particular, we show that localization inside detectors does not significantly affect correlation functions in the case when localization regions are macroscopic or in the case when Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen particles are in a definite momentum state (irrespectively of the size of localization regions).

arXiv:1309.6654•Physical Review A•Mar 7, 2014•10 citations

On the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox using discrete time physics

Roland Riek

The Einstein-Podolski-Rosen paradox highlights several strange properties of quantum mechanics including the super position of states, the non locality and its limitation to determine an experiment only statistically. Here, this well known paradox is revisited theoretically for a pair of spin systems in a singlet state under the assumption that in classical physics time evolves in discrete time steps t while in quantum mechanics the individual spin system(s) evolve(s) between the eigenstates harmonically with a period of 4 t . It is further assumed that time is a single variable, that the quantum mechanics time evolution and the classical physics discrete time evolution are coherent to each other, and that the precision of the start of the experiment and of the measurement time point are much less than t . Under these conditions, it is demonstrated for a spin system that the fast oscillation between the eigen states spin up | ↑> and spin down | ↓> reproduce the expected outcome of a single measurement as well as ensemble measurements without the need of postulating a simultaneous superposition of the spin system in its quantum state. When this concept is applied to a spin system pair in a singlet state it is shown that no entanglement between the two spins is necessary to describe the system resolving the Einstein-Podolski-Rosen paradox.

arXiv:1606.03356•Journal of Physics Conference Series•Aug 1, 2017•1 citation

On the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox using discrete time physics

Roland Riek

The Einstein-Podolski-Rosen paradox highlights several strange properties of quantum mechanics including the super position of states, the non locality and its limitation to determine an experiment only statistically. Here, this well known paradox is revisited theoretically for a pair of spin 1/2 systems in a singlet state under the assumption that in classical physics time evolves in discrete time steps t while in quantum mechanics the individual spin system(s) evolve(s) between the eigenstates harmonically with a period of 4 t. It is further assumed that time is a single variable, that the quantum mechanics time evolution and the classical physics discrete time evolution are coherent to each other, and that the precision of the start of the experiment and of the measurement time point are much less than t. Under these conditions, it is demonstrated for a spin 1/2 system that the fast oscillation between the eigen states spin up | ↑> and spin down | ↓> reproduce the expected outcome of a single measurement as well as ensemble measurements without the need of postulating a simultaneous superposition of the spin system in its quantum state. When this concept is applied to a spin 1/2 system pair in a singlet state it is shown that no entanglement between the two spins is necessary to describe the system resolving the Einstein-Podolski-Rosen paradox.

•Aug 21, 2017•3 citations
The spin-jjj Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen experiment is studied with a view to understanding how classical behaviour emerges as j→∞j \to \inftyj→∞. It is proposed that it is necessary to include detector error, which if it is be to viewed as an essential aspect of the emergence of classicality, should be both minimal, i.e., no more than necessary to wash out quantum mechanical behaviour, and agnostic, by which is meant that one should be able to ascribe it to error in the preparation of the state just as well as to the detector.Errors in the state preparation are discussed via the spin Wigner function. An agnostic error protocol is described which appears to be minimal.
The spin-jjj extension of Bohm's version of the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen experiment is is analysed in terms of the Wigner function when the two spins are in a singlet state. This function is calculated for all jjj, and it is shown that just as Bell inequalities are violated with undiminished range and magnitude for arbitarirly large jjj, this function does not become less negative. On the contrary, the oscillations between positive and negative values grow both in frequency and amplitude. It is argued that this is an alternative way to grasp the approach to classical behavior with increasing quantum number.
The question of how data collected in the spin-\textonehalf{} Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen experiment become compatible with local realism for increasing detector error is investigated in two ways. (1) It is shown that data obtained in any experiment with three settings of one detector axis and any number of settings of the other will be compatible with local realism if the detector error is such that data obtained with any two settings of each detector axis are compatible with local realism. (The error rate must be more than 7.96% for this to be so.) (2) It is shown that a detector error rate of 14.64% is enough to mask nonclassical correlations in any experiment with any number of settings of both detector axes; this improves on the figure of 21.13% given by Mermin and Schwarz.
We consider the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlation between two spins with arbitrary j values using the phase-space description of the angular-momentum operators [G. S. Agarwal, Phys. Rev. A 24, 2889 (1981)]. The phase-space formulation provides insight into hidden-variable theories and enables us to understand why Bell's inequalities are violated. We use the analogs of the Wigner function and the P function for the analysis of the correlations. We show that the Wigner function for the singlet state becomes positive in the limit j\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\infty}. We also show the extent to which Bell's inequalities can be violated for higher spins and present physical quantities, the correlations between which would violate Bell's inequalities.
We calculate correlation functions for a relativistic Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen--type experiment with massive Dirac particles. We take into account the influence of the Newton-Wigner localization and perform the calculations for a couple of physically interesting states. In particular, we show that localization inside detectors does not significantly affect correlation functions in the case when localization regions are macroscopic or in the case when Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen particles are in a definite momentum state (irrespectively of the size of localization regions).
The Einstein-Podolski-Rosen paradox highlights several strange properties of quantum mechanics including the super position of states, the non locality and its limitation to determine an experiment only statistically. Here, this well known paradox is revisited theoretically for a pair of spin systems in a singlet state under the assumption that in classical physics time evolves in discrete time steps t while in quantum mechanics the individual spin system(s) evolve(s) between the eigenstates harmonically with a period of 4 t . It is further assumed that time is a single variable, that the quantum mechanics time evolution and the classical physics discrete time evolution are coherent to each other, and that the precision of the start of the experiment and of the measurement time point are much less than t . Under these conditions, it is demonstrated for a spin system that the fast oscillation between the eigen states spin up | ↑> and spin down | ↓> reproduce the expected outcome of a single measurement as well as ensemble measurements without the need of postulating a simultaneous superposition of the spin system in its quantum state. When this concept is applied to a spin system pair in a singlet state it is shown that no entanglement between the two spins is necessary to describe the system resolving the Einstein-Podolski-Rosen paradox.
The Einstein-Podolski-Rosen paradox highlights several strange properties of quantum mechanics including the super position of states, the non locality and its limitation to determine an experiment only statistically. Here, this well known paradox is revisited theoretically for a pair of spin 1/2 systems in a singlet state under the assumption that in classical physics time evolves in discrete time steps t while in quantum mechanics the individual spin system(s) evolve(s) between the eigenstates harmonically with a period of 4 t. It is further assumed that time is a single variable, that the quantum mechanics time evolution and the classical physics discrete time evolution are coherent to each other, and that the precision of the start of the experiment and of the measurement time point are much less than t. Under these conditions, it is demonstrated for a spin 1/2 system that the fast oscillation between the eigen states spin up | ↑> and spin down | ↓> reproduce the expected outcome of a single measurement as well as ensemble measurements without the need of postulating a simultaneous superposition of the spin system in its quantum state. When this concept is applied to a spin 1/2 system pair in a singlet state it is shown that no entanglement between the two spins is necessary to describe the system resolving the Einstein-Podolski-Rosen paradox.