Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Log inSign up
Challenges
Datasets
Workspaces
Papers
Discussions
Leaderboard
Blog
Job Board
Q3AS

© 2026 Aqora Quantum S.A.S.

TermsPrivacyLegal Notice

arXiv:1811.11820 · Physical Review A

Complete list of tight Bell inequalities for two parties with four binary settings

Emmanuel Zambrini Cruzeiro, Nicolas Gisin

Published Feb 5, 2019• 17 citations
arXivHTMLPDF

Abstract

We give the complete list of 175 facets of the local polytope for the case where Alice and Bob each choose their measurements from a set of four binary outcome measurements. For each inequality we compute the maximum quantum violation for qubits, the resistance to noise, and the minimal detection efficiency required for closing the detection loophole with maximally entangled qubit states, in the case where both detectors have the same efficiency (symmetric case).

DOI
10.1103/physreva.99.022104

Related papers

Tight Bell inequalities from polytope slices

José Jesus, Emmanuel Zambrini Cruzeiro

We derive tight bipartite Bell inequalities for various scenarios. A bipartite Bell scenario $(X,Y,A,B)$ is defined by the numbers of settings and outcomes per party, $X,A$, and $Y,B$ for Alice and Bob, respectively. We derive the complete set of facets of the local polytopes of (6,3,2,2), (3,3,3,2), (3,2,3,3), and (2,2,3,5). We provide extensive lists of facets for (2,2,4,4), (3,3,4,2), and (4,3,3,2). For each inequality we compute the maximum quantum violation, the resistance to noise, and the minimal symmetric detection efficiency required to close the detection loophole, for qubits, qutrits, and ququarts. Based on these results, we identify scenarios which perform better in terms of visibility, resistance to noise, or both, when compared to the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality. Such scenarios could find important applications in quantum communication.

arXiv:2212.03212•Physical Review A•Nov 27, 2023•4 citations

Minimal scenario facet Bell inequalities for multi-qubit states

Arpan Das, Chandan Datta, Pankaj Agrawal

Facet inequalities play an important role in detecting the nonlocality of a quantum state. The number of such inequalities depends on the Bell test scenario. With the increase in the number of parties, measurement outcomes, or/and the number of measurement settings, there are more nontrivial facet inequalities. For several Bell scenarios, by involving two dichotomic measurement settings for two parties and one dichotomic measurement by other parties, we show that the local polytope has only one nontrivial facet. For three parties, we have three variants of this inequality, depending upon which party is doing one dichotomic measurement. This measurement scenario for a multipartite state may be considered as the minimal scenario involving multipartite correlations that can detect nonlocality. We show that this inequality is violated by all generalized GHZ states. Being the only facet Bell inequality, this inequality is also violated by any entangled three-qubit pure state. We also show that for noisy [Formula: see text] states, our inequality is more effective than the well-known Mermin inequality.

arXiv:1809.05727•International Journal of Quantum Information•Jan 3, 2023•2 citations

New Facet Bell inequalities for multi-qubit states

Arpan Das, Chandan Datta, Pankaj Agrawal

Non-trivial facet inequalities play important role in detecting and quantifying the nonolocality of a state -- specially a pure state. Such inequalities are expected to be tight. Number of such inequalities depends on the Bell test scenario. With the increase in the number of parties, dimensionality of the Hilbert space, or/and the number of measurements, there are more nontrivial facet inequalities. By considering a specific measurement scenario, we find that for any multipartite qubit state, local polytope can have only one nontrivial facet. Therefore there exist a possibility that only one Bell inequality, and its permutations, would be able to detect the nonlocality of a pure state. The scenario involves two dichotomic measurement settings for two parties and one dichotomic measurement by other parties. This measurement scenario for a multipartite state may be considered as minimal scenario involving multipartite correlations that can detect nonlocality. We present detailed results for three-qubit states.

•Sep 15, 2018•0 citations

Bell inequalities violated using detectors of low efficiency

Károly F. Pál, Tamás Vértesi

We define a family of binary-outcome $n$-party $m\ensuremath{\le}n$ settings per party Bell inequalities whose members require the least detection efficiency for their violation among all known inequalities of the same type. This gives upper bounds for the minimum value of the critical efficiency---below which no violation is possible---achievable for such inequalities. For $m=2$, our family reduces to the one given by Larsson and Semitecolos in 2001 [Phys. Rev. A 63, 022117 (2001)]. For $m>2$, a gap remains between these bounds and the best lower bounds. The violating state near the threshold efficiency always approaches a product state of $n$ qubits.

arXiv:1508.01494•Physical Review A•Nov 9, 2015•30 citations

Classifying the simplest Bell inequalities beyond qubits and their applications towards self-testing

Palash Pandya, Shubhayan Sarkar, Remigiusz Augusiak

Bell inequalities reveal the fundamentally nonlocal character of quantum mechanics. In this regard, one of the interesting problems is to explore all possible Bell inequalities that demonstrate a gap between local and nonlocal quantum behaviour. This is useful for the geometric characterisation of the set of nonlocal correlations achievable within quantum theory. Moreover, it provides a systematic way to construct Bell inequalities that are tailored to specific quantum information processing tasks. This characterisation is well understood in the simplest $(2,2,2)$ scenario, namely two parties performing two binary outcome measurements. However, beyond this setting, relatively few Bell inequalities are known, and the situation becomes particularly scarce in scenarios involving a greater number of outcomes. Here, we consider the $(2,2,3)$ scenario, or two parties performing two three-outcome measurements, and characterise all Bell inequalities that can arise from the simplest sum-of-squares decomposition and are maximally violated by the maximally entangled state of local dimension three. We then utilise them to self-test this state, along with a class of three-outcome measurements.

quant-pharXiv:2602.08469•Feb 10, 2026•0 citations

All tight correlation Bell inequalities have quantum violations

Llorenç Escolà-Farràs, John Calsamiglia, Andreas Winter

The authors show that tight Bell inequalities always have a quantum violation for any bipartite setting of binary measurements. Operationally, this means that all tight XOR game inequalities can be used to test local realism. In geometric terms, the result shows that any correlation Bell inequality for which the classical and quantum values coincide, does not define a facet of the Bell polytope.

arXiv:1908.06669•Physical Review Research•Feb 24, 2020•7 citations
We give the complete list of 175 facets of the local polytope for the case where Alice and Bob each choose their measurements from a set of four binary outcome measurements. For each inequality we compute the maximum quantum violation for qubits, the resistance to noise, and the minimal detection efficiency required for closing the detection loophole with maximally entangled qubit states, in the case where both detectors have the same efficiency (symmetric case).
We derive tight bipartite Bell inequalities for various scenarios. A bipartite Bell scenario (X,Y,A,B)(X,Y,A,B)(X,Y,A,B) is defined by the numbers of settings and outcomes per party, X,AX,AX,A, and Y,BY,BY,B for Alice and Bob, respectively. We derive the complete set of facets of the local polytopes of (6,3,2,2), (3,3,3,2), (3,2,3,3), and (2,2,3,5). We provide extensive lists of facets for (2,2,4,4), (3,3,4,2), and (4,3,3,2). For each inequality we compute the maximum quantum violation, the resistance to noise, and the minimal symmetric detection efficiency required to close the detection loophole, for qubits, qutrits, and ququarts. Based on these results, we identify scenarios which perform better in terms of visibility, resistance to noise, or both, when compared to the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality. Such scenarios could find important applications in quantum communication.
Facet inequalities play an important role in detecting the nonlocality of a quantum state. The number of such inequalities depends on the Bell test scenario. With the increase in the number of parties, measurement outcomes, or/and the number of measurement settings, there are more nontrivial facet inequalities. For several Bell scenarios, by involving two dichotomic measurement settings for two parties and one dichotomic measurement by other parties, we show that the local polytope has only one nontrivial facet. For three parties, we have three variants of this inequality, depending upon which party is doing one dichotomic measurement. This measurement scenario for a multipartite state may be considered as the minimal scenario involving multipartite correlations that can detect nonlocality. We show that this inequality is violated by all generalized GHZ states. Being the only facet Bell inequality, this inequality is also violated by any entangled three-qubit pure state. We also show that for noisy [Formula: see text] states, our inequality is more effective than the well-known Mermin inequality.
Non-trivial facet inequalities play important role in detecting and quantifying the nonolocality of a state -- specially a pure state. Such inequalities are expected to be tight. Number of such inequalities depends on the Bell test scenario. With the increase in the number of parties, dimensionality of the Hilbert space, or/and the number of measurements, there are more nontrivial facet inequalities. By considering a specific measurement scenario, we find that for any multipartite qubit state, local polytope can have only one nontrivial facet. Therefore there exist a possibility that only one Bell inequality, and its permutations, would be able to detect the nonlocality of a pure state. The scenario involves two dichotomic measurement settings for two parties and one dichotomic measurement by other parties. This measurement scenario for a multipartite state may be considered as minimal scenario involving multipartite correlations that can detect nonlocality. We present detailed results for three-qubit states.
We define a family of binary-outcome nnn-party $m\ensuremath{\le}n$ settings per party Bell inequalities whose members require the least detection efficiency for their violation among all known inequalities of the same type. This gives upper bounds for the minimum value of the critical efficiency---below which no violation is possible---achievable for such inequalities. For m=2m=2m=2, our family reduces to the one given by Larsson and Semitecolos in 2001 [Phys. Rev. A 63, 022117 (2001)]. For m>2m>2m>2, a gap remains between these bounds and the best lower bounds. The violating state near the threshold efficiency always approaches a product state of nnn qubits.
Bell inequalities reveal the fundamentally nonlocal character of quantum mechanics. In this regard, one of the interesting problems is to explore all possible Bell inequalities that demonstrate a gap between local and nonlocal quantum behaviour. This is useful for the geometric characterisation of the set of nonlocal correlations achievable within quantum theory. Moreover, it provides a systematic way to construct Bell inequalities that are tailored to specific quantum information processing tasks. This characterisation is well understood in the simplest (2,2,2)(2,2,2)(2,2,2) scenario, namely two parties performing two binary outcome measurements. However, beyond this setting, relatively few Bell inequalities are known, and the situation becomes particularly scarce in scenarios involving a greater number of outcomes. Here, we consider the (2,2,3)(2,2,3)(2,2,3) scenario, or two parties performing two three-outcome measurements, and characterise all Bell inequalities that can arise from the simplest sum-of-squares decomposition and are maximally violated by the maximally entangled state of local dimension three. We then utilise them to self-test this state, along with a class of three-outcome measurements.