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arXiv:1811.05719 · Physical Review A

Experimental demonstration of composite stimulated Raman adiabatic passage

Alexander Bruns, Genko T. Genov, Marcel Hain, Nikolay V. Vitanov, Thomas Halfmann

Published Nov 13, 2018• 37 citations
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Abstract

We experimentally demonstrate composite stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (CSTIRAP), which combines the concepts of composite pulse sequences and adiabatic passage. The technique is applied for population transfer in a rare-earth doped solid. We compare the performance of CSTIRAP with conventional single and repeated STIRAP, either in the resonant or the highly detuned regime. In the latter case, CSTIRAP improves the peak transfer efficiency and robustness, boosting the transfer efficiency substantially compared to repeated STIRAP. We also propose and demonstrate a universal version of CSTIRAP, which shows improved performance compared to the originally proposed composite version. Our findings pave the way towards new STIRAP applications, which require repeated excitation cycles, e.g., for momentum transfer in atom optics, or dynamical decoupling to invert arbitrary superposition states in quantum memories.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.98.053413

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We experimentally demonstrate composite stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (CSTIRAP), which combines the concepts of composite pulse sequences and adiabatic passage. The technique is applied for population transfer in a rare-earth doped solid. We compare the performance of CSTIRAP with conventional single and repeated STIRAP, either in the resonant or the highly detuned regime. In the latter case, CSTIRAP improves the peak transfer efficiency and robustness, boosting the transfer efficiency substantially compared to repeated STIRAP. We also propose and demonstrate a universal version of CSTIRAP, which shows improved performance compared to the originally proposed composite version. Our findings pave the way towards new STIRAP applications, which require repeated excitation cycles, e.g., for momentum transfer in atom optics, or dynamical decoupling to invert arbitrary superposition states in quantum memories.
We report on experimental investigations of stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) in a Pr3+:Y2SiO5{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}:{\mathrm{Y}}_{2}\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{O}}_{5}Pr3+:Y2​SiO5​ crystal. STIRAP drives complete, coherent population transfer between two hyperfine levels in the Pr3+{\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}Pr3+ ions. We investigate the variation of the STIRAP transfer efficiency with the experimental parameters: e.g., detunings, Rabi frequencies, and pulse delays. In addition, we also observe an alternative and efficient, adiabatic transfer process---i.e., bbb-STIRAP---which occurs for a reversed sequence of laser pulses. We compare the efficiencies and time-resolved transfer dynamics of STIRAP and bbb-STIRAP. The experimental data are supported by numerical simulations, also including the effect of laser frequency jitter. Our experimental data and the numerical simulations provide a clear and convincing demonstration of adiabatic excitations in a solid medium.
We report experimental demonstration of population transfer via stimulated Raman adiabatic passage with a rare-earth-ion-doped crystal (Pr3+:Y2SiO5)({\mathrm{Pr}}^{3+}:{\mathrm{Y}}_{2}\mathrm{Si}{\mathrm{O}}_{5})(Pr3+:Y2​SiO5​). About 90% of population of a ground level is transferred to another ground level with two pulses whose width is shorter than the lifetime of the excited state. The dependence of transferred population on the delay time of the pulse sequence is also experimentally investigated. The delay-time dependence observed in our experiment is similar to that obtained by numerical simulation.
Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) is a widely-used technique of coherent state-to-state manipulation for many applications in physics, chemistry, and beyond. The adiabatic evolution of the state involved in STIRAP, called adiabatic passage, guarantees its robustness against control errors, but also leads to problems of low efficiency and decoherence. Here we propose and experimentally demonstrate an alternative approach, termed stimulated Raman "user-defined" passage (STIRUP), where a parameterized state is employed for constructing desired evolutions to replace the adiabatic passage in STIRAP. The user-defined passages can be flexibly designed for optimizing different objectives for different tasks, e.g. minimizing leakage error. To experimentally benchmark its performance, we apply STIRUP to the task of coherent state transfer in a superconducting Xmon qutrit. We found that STIRUP completed the transfer more then four times faster than STIRAP with enhanced robustness, and achieved a fidelity of 99.5%, which is the highest among all recent experiments based on STIRAP and its variants. In practice, STIRUP differs from STIRAP only in the design of driving pulses; therefore, most existing applications of STIRAP can be readily implemented with STIRUP.
We report an experimental demonstration of composite adiabatic passage (CAP) for robust and efficient manipulation of two-level systems. The technique represents a altered version of rapid adiabatic passage (RAP), driven by composite sequences of radiation pulses with appropriately chosen phases. We implement CAP with radio-frequency pulses to invert (i.e., to rephase) optically prepared spin coherences in a Pr3+:Y2SiO5{\text{Pr}}^{3+}\text{:}{\text{Y}}_{2}{\text{SiO}}_{5}Pr3+:Y2​SiO5​ crystal. We perform systematic investigations of the efficiency of CAP and compare the results with conventional $\ensuremath{\pi}$ pulses and RAP. The data clearly demonstrate the superior features of CAP with regard to robustness and efficiency, even under conditions of weakly fulfilled adiabaticity. The experimental demonstration of composite sequences to support adiabatic passage is of significant relevance whenever a high efficiency or robustness of coherent excitation processes need to be maintained, e.g., as required in quantum information technology.
Abstract Efficient initialization and manipulation of quantum states is important for numerous applications and it usually requires the ability to perform high fidelity and robust swapping of the populations of quantum states. Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) has been known to perform efficient and robust inversion of the ground states populations of a three-level system. However, its performance is sensitive to the initial state of the system. In this contribution we demonstrate that a slight modification of STIRAP, where we introduce a non-zero single-photon detuning, allows for efficient and robust population swapping for any initial state. The results of our work could be useful for efficient and robust state preparation, dynamical decoupling and design of quantum gates in ground state qubits via two-photon interactions.
Accurate control of a quantum system is a fundamental requirement in many areas of modern science ranging from quantum information processing to high-precision measurements. A significantly important goal in quantum control is preparing a desired state as fast as possible, with sufficiently high fidelity allowed by available resources and experimental constraints. Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) is a robust way to realize high-fidelity state transfer but it requires a sufficiently long operation time to satisfy the adiabatic criteria. Here we theoretically propose and then experimentally demonstrate a shortcut-to-adiabatic protocol to speed-up the STIRAP. By modifying the shapes of the Raman pulses, we experimentally realize a fast and high-fidelity stimulated Raman shortcut-to-adiabatic passage that is robust against control parameter variations. The all-optical, robust and fast protocol demonstrated here provides an efficient and practical way to control quantum systems.