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arXiv:1810.00285 · Physical Review A

Universal quantum gates between nitrogen-vacancy centers in a levitated nanodiamond

Xing-Yan Chen, Zhang‐qi Yin

Published Feb 19, 2019• 19 citations
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Abstract

We propose a scheme to realize the controlled-phase gates between nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in an optically trapped nanodiamond, through a uniform magnetic field-induced coupling between the NV centers and the torsional mode of the levitated nanodiamond. The gates are insensitive to the thermal noise of the torsional mode. By combining the scheme with the dynamical decoupling, it is found that the high-fidelity universal quantum gates are possible with present experimental technology. The proposed scheme is useful for an NV-center-based quantum network and distributed quantum computation.

DOI
10.1103/physreva.99.022319

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We propose a scheme to realize the controlled-phase gates between nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in an optically trapped nanodiamond, through a uniform magnetic field-induced coupling between the NV centers and the torsional mode of the levitated nanodiamond. The gates are insensitive to the thermal noise of the torsional mode. By combining the scheme with the dynamical decoupling, it is found that the high-fidelity universal quantum gates are possible with present experimental technology. The proposed scheme is useful for an NV-center-based quantum network and distributed quantum computation.
Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in nanodiamond offer a promising platform for quantum information processing due to their room-temperature spin coherence and optical addressability. However, scalable quantum processors remain limited by the challenge of achieving strong, controllable interactions between distant NV spins. Here, we propose a scalable architecture utilizing optically levitated nanodiamond arrays, where torsional vibrations mediate the coherent coupling between the embedded NV centers. By optimizing the shape of ellipsoidal nanoparticles, we achieve a light-induced coupling strength exceeding 119 kHz between torsional modes of the distant levitated nanodiamonds, which are two orders of magnitude larger than the typical decoherence rates in this system. This strong interaction, combined with magnetic-field-enabled spin-torsion coupling, establishes an effective interaction between the spatially separated NV centers in the distant nanodiamonds. Numerical simulations confirm that dynamic decoupling can suppress both thermal noise and spin dephasing, enabling two-qubit gates with fidelity exceeding 99%. This work provides a foundation for reconfigurable quantum hybrid systems, with potential applications in rotational sensing and programmable quantum processing.
We propose efficient schemes for universal quantum gates with the photon polarization states and electron spin states of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond embedded in optical microcavity. A hybrid polarization-spin controlled-NOT gate and a two-qubit controlled phase gate between NV centers in separated cavities are demonstrated in the weak-coupling regime without complex devices or interaction. The gates presented here are deterministic and can be applied directly to a variety of quantum information processing tasks. The feasibility analyses show that our schemes can be accomplished with high fidelity under current technologies and have wide potential applications in quantum communication and computation fields.
Abstract The nanodiamond, which hosts nitrogen‐vacancy (NV) centers, has been levitated in vacuum either through optical tweezers or through an ion trap. It combines the advantages of the large mass and long coherent discrete internal energy levels, which makes it an ideal platform for quantum information processing and precision measurement. In this review, the quantum information processing and the precision measurement based on the levitated nanodiamond are briefly summarized. The basic physics of the levitated nanodiamond and the NV centers is first introduced. Then the methods of manipulating motional states of the nanodiamond with the NV centers are discussed. The magnetic coupling mechanisms between the NV centers and the translational mode or the torsional mode are discussed, and the method of cooling the mechanical modes with the NV centers is discussed. Several applications are discussed, such as the mass spectrometry, the gravitational acceleration measurement, etc. The levitated nanodiamond can also be used for realizing universal quantum logic gates and quantum simulation. Finally, the conclusion and perspective are given.
In the paper, we present schemes for implementing multi-qubit quantum gates in quantum networks based on the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. In our schemes, NV centers coupled to the whispering-gallery modes of microtoroidal resonators serve as quantum registers to store quantum information. By coding the qubits of NV centers into decoherence-free subspaces, quantum information encoded in logical qubits is protected from collective dephasing, and quantum controlled-NOT and Toffoli gates between logical qubits from the same or different quantum nodes can be implemented. Compared with the previous works, our schemes are simpler and reduce the consumption of resources. Furthermore, the modularized design of multi-qubit quantum gates can be extended to other quantum platforms, which may lead to more efficient construction of quantum networks for distributed quantum computation and quantum communication.
A nanodiamond with an embedded nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center is one of the experimental systems that can be coherently manipulated within current technologies. Entanglement between NV center electron spin and mechanical rotation of the nanodiamond plays a fundamental role in building a quantum network connecting these microscopic and mesoscopic degrees of motions. Here we present a protocol to asymptotically prepare a highly entangled state of the total quantum angular momentum and electron spin by adiabatically boosting the external magnetic field.
Hybrid quantum gates hold great promise for quantum information processing since they preserve the advantages of different quantum systems. Here we present compact quantum circuits to deterministically implement controlled-NOT, Toffoli, and Fredkin gates between a flying photon qubit and diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers assisted by microcavities. The target qubits of these universal quantum gates are encoded on the spins of the electrons associated with the diamond NV centers and they have long coherence time for storing information, and the control qubit is encoded on the polarizations of the flying photon and can be easily manipulated. Our quantum circuits are compact, economic, and simple. Moreover, they do not require additional qubits. The complexity of our schemes for universal three-qubit gates is much reduced, compared to the synthesis with two-qubit entangling gates. These schemes have high fidelities and efficiencies, and they are feasible in experiment.